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TRIBE OF THE DAY: Hausa Fulani

Hausa–Fulani are people of mixed Hausa and Fulani origin. They are primarily found in the Northern region of Nigeria, most of whom speak a variant of Hausa or Fula or both as their first language. The term Hausa-Fulani is also used mostly as a joint term to refer to both the monoethnic Hausa and Fula ethnic populations in Northern Nigeria.

While some Fulani claim Semitic origins, Hausas are indigenous to West Africa. This suggests that the processes of "Hausaization" in the western Sudan region was probably both cultural and genetic.The Hausa–Fulani identity came into being as a direct result of the migration of Fula people to Hausaland around the 14th century and their cultural assimilation into the Hausa society. At the beginning of the 19th century, Sheikh Usman dan Fodio led a successful jihad against the Hausa Kingdoms founding a centralized Fulani Empire (anglicized as the Sokoto Caliphate). After the jihad, Dan Fodio encouraged intermarriage between the immigrant Fula and the conquered Hausa states and locals mainly other Hausa people; in addition, Jobawa, Dambazawa and Sullubawa Fulani clans originating in Futa Tooro migrated to the region and intermarried with the local urban mainly Hausa elite, and were a major factor in the linguistic, cultural and ethnic mixing of the Hausa–Fulani people. As result of this assimilation, Hausa–Fulani form the core and vast majority of the populations of Daura, Zamfara, Kano, Katsina, Zaria, and Sokoto.

Hausa–Fulanis primarily speak variants of Hausa which form a dialect continuum of more-or-less mutually intelligible regional varieties. Hausa is spoken by over 100 to 150 million people across Africa, making it the most spoken Indigenous African language and the 11th most spoken language in the world. Since the Trans-Saharan trade, Hausa is used as a lingua franca spanning from Agadez deep in the Sahara Desert of Nigerto Northern Nigeria, and has many loanwords from Arabic. For centuries, it utilized an Ajami script which served as the basis of the language scholarly tradition. The script was replaced with the Latin orthography of the Boko alphabets, after the British conquered the Sokoto Caliphate.

our history

According to the Bayajidda legend, the Hausa states were founded by the sons and grandsons of Bayajidda, a prince of Baghdad who married Daurama, the last Kabaraof Daura, and heralded the end of the matriarchal monarchs that had erstwhile ruled the Hausa people. According to the legend, Bayajidda travelled through Bornu, arriving at Daura, where he went to the house of an old woman called Waira and asked her to give him water but she told him the predicament of the land, how the only well in Daura, called Kusugu, was inhabited by a snake called Sarki, who allowed citizens of Daura to fetch water only on Fridays. Since sarki is the Hausa word for "king", this may have been a metaphor for a powerful figure. Bayajidda killed Sarki and because of what he had done the queen married him for his bravery. After his marriage to Daurama the people started to call him Bayajidda which means "he didn't understand (the language) before".

The origins of the Fulani people are unclear and various theories have been postulated. As a nomadic herding people, they have moved through and among many cultures, making it difficult to trace their relationships and history with other peoples. Speculations about their origins started in the era of European conquest and colonization because of their oftentimes fair skin, wavy long hair and facial features.

Some Fulani oral histories, like other Muslim groups, suggest that their origins lie in Egypt or the Middle East Others hold Futa Tooro as their homeland, which is supported by linguistic evidence.

The precursors of the Fulani likely migrated out of the Sahara desert (likely from Western Sahara),[57] at the time much wetter than today, as it progressively dried beginning in the 7th century BC.They migrated into the Senegal river valley from the east, pushed by Berber raids and desertification.The kingdom of Tekrur in what is now Futa Toro was formed through the interaction of the Fula (and perhaps Berber) migrants with the native "Negro agricultural peoples" of the valley who were "essentially Serer". Dominated first by Wagadu and later by the Lamtuna, the Mali Empire, and the Jolof Empire, in the early 16th century the area was conquered by Koli Tenguella, who founded the Empire of Great Fulo.

sports !!!

Dambe is a brutal form of traditional martial art associated with the Hausa people of West Africa. Its origin is shrouded in mystery. Edward Powe, a researcher of Nigerian martial art culture, recognizes striking similarities in stance and single wrapped fist of Hausa boxers to images of ancient Egyptian boxers from the 12th and 13th dynasties.

It originally started out among the lower class of Hausa butcher caste groups and later developed into a way of practicing military skills and then into sporting events through generations of Northern Nigerians. It is fought in rounds of three or less that have no time limits. A round ends if an opponent is knocked out, a fighter's knee, body or hand touch the ground, inactivity or halted by an official.

Dambe's primary weapon is the "spear", a single dominant hand wrapped from fist to forearm in thick strips of cotton bandage that is held in place by knotted cord dipped in salt and allowed to dry for maximum body damage on opponents, while the other arm, held open, serve as the "shield" to protect a fighter’s head from their opponent's blows or used to grab an opponent. Fighters usually end up with split brows, broken jaws and noses or even sustain brain damage. Dambe fighters may receive money, cattle, farm produce or jewelry as winnings but generally it was fought for fame from representations of towns and fighting clans.

we had a king who was named after a spice blend

info: Ali Yaji was born to the unfortunate 9th King of Kano, Tsamiya and his consort Maganarku. His bad temper as a child earned him the epithet "Yaji", which is known today as a Hausa spice mix.

Hausa tradition describes the division of roles between the states, where Kano and Rano were centres of the textile industry (and thus called sarakuman babba; "kings of indigo"), Katsina and Daura were trade centres (called sarakuman kasuwa; "kings of the market"), Zazzau supplied slave labour to the other states (called sarkin bayi; "king of the slaves"), and Gobir, as the northernmost city, was tasked with the defence of Hausaland from foreign invaders (called sarkin yaki; "king of war"). Throughout its history there was lots of immigration from the Sahel and Sudan into Hausaland, including herdsmen, fishermen, agriculturalists, merchants and traders, and mallam, as well as some aristocrats. Migrations from Bornu are thought to have been more long-standing, and Tuareg (who displaced the Gobirawa from Asben) and Fulani migrated to the region from the 14th and 15th centuries respectively. As nomadic pastoralists they sometimes made incursions into Hausaland looking for grazing land. Another group was the Wangara, who migrated in the 14th/15th centuries and were key to the spread of Islam through Hausaland. Though Islam likely spread to Hausaland from the north through Gobir or the east from Bornu, the first ruler to convert to Islam is thought to have been Yaji I of Kano (r. 1349-85) due to invitation from Wangara. The Wangara, like Songhai immigrants, gradually integrated and became Hausa.

During the reign of Kano's Yaji I (1349–85) he conquered and occupied Rano for two years, after which Rano continued to exist but never regained its sovereignty. In the 15th century, a deposed mai of Bornu fled to Kano, leading to Bornu expanding westwards and vassalizing the Hausa states. It is unclear whether this included all of the states, or just Kano and Biram as M. G. Smith thought; regardless, tribute was sent through Daura. While it is unknown for how long Hausa states paid this tribute, Bornu continued to hold influence in the region.

well on the topic of food ig

you may know suya, kilishi and zobo but do you know

Tuwo Shinkafa: Soft rice is boiled and mashed into a smooth, thick consistency.

Tuwo Masara: Corn flour is cooked with water and stirred until it forms a pliable dough.

Tuwo Dawa: Millet or guinea corn flour is used for a nutritious twist.

Masa, or Waina, are fluffy rice cakes with a slightly tangy flavor due to fermentation. Rice or maize batter is fermented, seasoned, and cooked in a special pan with round molds. Masa is often paired with soups, sugar, honey, or spicy sauces.

Miyan Kuka: Made from baobab leaf powder, it’s smoky and tangy. (had this 500 days straight im not happy about it but eh what can you do)

Miyan Zogale: Nutritious soup made with moringa leaves.

Miyan Taushe: Creamy and hearty, featuring pumpkin and groundnuts. (this is amazing)

Awara is spicy soybean cakes, fried until crispy. It is crunchy outside, soft and savory inside and best served as a snack or appetizer. Awara is high in plant-based protein and low in carbs. (I hate this)

Fura da nono is a refreshing combination of millet dough balls (Fura) and fermented milk (Nono). The millet is ground, spiced, rolled into balls, and added to Nono. It is creamy, tangy, and slightly nutty. It is a cooling drink for hot afternoons or a light breakfast. Fura is high in calcium, probiotics, and energy-boosting nutrients.

Kunu Tsamiya: Made with tamarind for a tangy kick.

Kunu Gyada: Rich with groundnuts.

Kunu Aya: Sweet and creamy with tiger nuts.

and kilishi's less known counter part

Dambu Nama is a shredded dried meat, spiced and often fried. It is savory, spicy, and incredibly flavorful

information from wikipedia but WAIT

Lets support some creators from the hausa, Fulani or of mixed heritage of either hausa or fulani

first we have

me (this dumbass self promoting)

then we have

@colorfulpuppychaos

@reveriehiraeth

ill include more if I find more anyway I was surprised to find more of us here but anyway

LETS CELEBRATE THE HAUSA FULANI PEOPLE