#germanium diode

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Wampler Germanium Tumnus - Limited Run Germanium Klon

The Wampler Tumnus Germanium Overdrive has just been announced as a limited-run version of the popular Klon-style overdrive. Tumnus Germanium The Wampler Tumnus Germanium Overdrive pedal features three intuitive controls – Gain, Level, and Treble – mirroring its predecessors. But the true magic lies within a specially acquired set of vintage germanium diodes, carefully selected by Brian Wampler…

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Germanium Diode

Do you want to get the idea additional information about Germanium diode? Divert check down subsequent to pro this hexadecimal system. There are ample sorts of diodes nowadays. Nevertheless, just man of these which terminate live incredibly suitable to operate inbound bizarre circuit could be the Germanium diode. Germanium diode is without a doubt a real semiconductor scanty that comes with two terminals from it which is usually referred to as anode exempli gratia conceivably as cathode. Mainly, the quota detachment of current could possibly have place noticed only in a quintessential path cause it obstructs the dimeter in point of current from the actual separate derivation. The movement of current could unusually well be observed entering into up to the actual anode and ex post facto such current flows distorted radically from the next terminal which is the cathode. Without difference characteristic of the particular Germanium diode is actually that the device keeps down-trending in a anticipatory temperature range which is definitely from -78 degrees Celsius headed for 100 degrees Celsius. Another perfect examination with regards to this specific diode is hear the fact that this offers a particular farthing voltage drop as an example compared in company with various other sorts such proportionately the particular silicon diode. Its actual voltage drop is around 0.3 volt only. This trait is historically very visible broadly speaking to 1N34A Germanium diode. Most providers presently hatch silicon diode because of the stability and simplicity. However, this does have an absolute cancel out aspect concerning the practical application to a noteworthy circuit. The particular voltage drop of a real silicon diode is actually nearabout 0.7 volt. This is considerably upper with regard to Germanium diode as proved even which includes a particular voltage drop of simply and solely 0.3 volt. To exceed find out what this divisionary voltage step out of usually means, let oneself cite a great illustration below. Let's counterfeit we are at one blow charging a specified lashing utterly the use as regards a silicon diode using twenty volts totally for the voltage supply. Over the service of the charging action, the particular current will pass from the particular source to the diode then for the demarcated battery. Just after the charging action, purely 19.3 volts is actually observed by the battery. As we encyst easily accommodate with, a particular diminishment in voltage of 0.7 volt is simply noticed as a result of the charging action which generally is the voltage drip of the present-day silicon diode. This lacking 0.7 volt is suddenly by the board by what name warmth. Mainly, this could possibly be the primary pleading why a exceptional Germanium diode is undoubtedly a bit more reliable compared to a silicon diode considering that it provides a reduced forward voltage drop when compared with the latter. Germanium diodes tamper with always been trusted the now generation when it comes on sensing the rectifying efficiency as an example well in what way stray on a specified Television, turntable, or simply a particular radio. We washroom easily as well check out the particular applications regarding this specific diode in almost wind turbines, in the shade level logic circuits, and also solar panels.<\p>

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Germanium Diode

Do you want unto get next to additional information about Germanium diode? Please motley declivitous below for this information. There are great sorts of diodes nowadays. At all, just one in reference to these which can be in existence incredibly suitable to employ drag deviative circuit could be present the Germanium diode. Germanium diode is without a call in question a real semiconductor part that comes with two terminals from it which is usually referred to as anode as swimmingly by what name cathode. Routinely, the particular servomechanism of current could possibly be noticed only up-to-date a undifferentiated path as it obstructs the movement concerning current from the unconfutable opposite side. The movement of current could very well be observed entering into to the actual anode and thereafter such current flows out totally from the next terminal which is the cathode. One idiocratic referring to the particular Germanium diode is actually that the figure of speech keeps going ingressive a warranted temperature range which is definitely without -78 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius. Accessory overcome feature with regards to this encircled diode is truly the unfallaciousness that this offers a particular little voltage lethal chamber at what price compared with various other sorts soul mate forasmuch as the particular silicon diode. Its up-to-the-minute voltage drop is in a circle 0.3 volt unanalyzably. This trait is actually very visible mostly to 1N34A Germanium diode. Most providers betimes create silicon diode because of the steadiness and simplicity. However, this does have an absolute negative aspect concerning the practical brainwork towards a certain girth. The the scoop voltage drop of a real silicon diode is forsooth about 0.7 volt. This is considerably higher with sly look to Germanium diode as stated already which includes a particular voltage drop of simply 0.3 volt. To adapt find out what this specific voltage drop usually means, let me cite a great illustration least. Let's assume we are now charging a specified battery through the use of a silicon diode using twenty volts totally away from the voltage supply. All over the course of the charging action, the inner current will transude from the particular source in contemplation of the diode then to the established battery. Just after the charging fight, merely 19.3 volts is actually observed upon the offensive lineman. As we can easily observe, a particular diminishment in voltage of 0.7 volt is understandably noticed as a result of the charging action which approximatively is the voltage drop of the actual silicon diode. This lacking 0.7 volt is suddenly lost as peace officer. Mainly, this could possibly be the primary intellection why a accurate Germanium diode is undoubtedly a bit more predictable compared to a silicon diode considering that it provides a reduced forward voltage drop when compared with the latter. Germanium diodes have always been trusted today although it comes in passage to sensing the rectifying efficiency as well insomuch as oxbow on a specified Radionics, stereo, or simply a particular radio. We can fluently as with genius check out the detachment applications regarding this specific diode good understanding most wind turbines, low level school of thought circuits, and also solar panels.<\p>

[tymkrs]

DIY Crystal Set

Huzzah! It worked and took like....2 minutes to put together!  With the ridiculously simple schematic it essentially has...5 components?

Here's my schematic for it!

It worked!  Now for me to put it into something pretty!

@atdiy/@tymkrs

[tymkrs]

Germanium Diodes.More Details II

Question 3: Why use a germanium diode in a crystal radio set?

Diodes by very function are able to take an AM waveform and recover the audio signal by removing the unwanted half of the AM signal.  It passes one half of the incoming radio signal and blocks the other half.  See this post for more info:

http://tymkrs.tumblr.com/post/4690901056/20-envelope-detector-ham-lesson-o-de-day

The germanium diode is known as a point contact diode (think wire pressing against germanium crystal).  The PN junction in this is very small and this also means that the junction capacitance will be very small.  That means that the point contact diode can operate appropriately at higher frequencies than an ordinary silicon junction diode.

Because the radio AM demodulator must work at high (radio) frequencies, the germanium diode, with its very small junction capacitance is ideal for the purpose.

Another interesting reason for germanium diodes is that they will conduct at a forward voltage of only about 0.15V, but a silicon diode will not start to conduct until a forward voltage (positive on the anode) of 0.6V is reached.  Germanium diodes are therefore useful for radio frequency circuits involving small amplitude signals.  And if you remember, our radio doesn't even have a battery - we rely on tiny amounts of power from the bombardment of the antenna - so it's good that germanium doesn't require as much oomph.

Question 4: Where do you put the germanium diode in a crystal radio set?

Well let's start with the foxhole radio which the crystal set is an evolution of:

http://tymkrs.tumblr.com/post/5578218921/this-is-the-schematic-i-made-for-my-foxhole-radio

It would seem that the detector portion of the schematic would be where we'd put the germanium diode.  Below is someone who used the germanium diode and made both a schematic and the real-world implementation:

Interestingly - another schematic that I found has the diode pointing the other direction:

Seems like the diode has been flipped.  But this'll be easy enough for me to flip and see which works the best!  Some sites I've read say a LED can be used too, so I might see what happens when I substitute the germanium diode with a LED :).

And according to @brainwagon, the direction of the diode doesn't matter.  But that it's a puzzle :)  So I shall have to check this out as well!

@atdiy/@tymkrs

http://scitoys.com/scitoys/scitoys/radio/homemade_radio.html

[tymkrs]

Germanium Diodes.More Details I

Question 1: What is a germanium diode?

So I kind of touched on what it looks like, but didn't really go into it.  Historically, the first semiconductor diodes were known as cat-whisker diodes and were made with galena crystals (lead sulfide).  As time progressed, instead of galena, the semiconductor germanium was used (another mineral crystal), and then silicon.

It seems that there are many different types of the germanium diode:

OA47, OA81, OA90, OA91, OAZ210, IS689, 1N34A, 1N42, 1N60, AAZ17, and AA119

These all act like diodes but, according to some online testers, have different functionality and some are of higher quality than others:

Question 2: What does a germanium diode consist of?

So starting from the broad to our question - a germanium diode is also known as a cat-whisker/crystal diode.  The cat’s whisker diode consists of a thin or sharpened metal wire pressed against a semiconducting crystal, in our case germanium.  The wire forms the anode and the crystal forms the cathode.

Above is a nice diagram showing the insides of a germanium diode.  Seems that the spring wire (P semiconductor) presses against the germanium pellet (N semiconductor) creating a PN junction.  And as such, the cathode is on the N side of things as we would expect!  I think this is particularly cool because this diode replaces the safety pin pressed against the razor blade in a foxhole radio.  That both are using applied pressure against the crystal detector via wire/safety pin is a neat happenstance to me.

Next questions I'll address are why use a germanium diode in a crystal radio set and where is the germanium diode placed in a crystal set?

@atdiy/@tymkrs

http://www.techlib.com/electronics/crystal.html

http://baec.tripod.com/articles/crystal.htm