IMPACT OF EFFLUENT OUTFALL ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL WATER QUALITY INDEX AT KALU RIVER TITWALA, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA | UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
The Kalu river, which comes through Titwala, is a major tributary of the Ulhas river, which flows through Maharashtra in western India. It has the ability to provide water to numerous areas in Thane district. However, sewage from surrounding enterprises pollutes the water in the natural river. The study's major goal was to see how the effluent outfall affected the physicochemical Water Quality Index (WQI), as well as to see if the WQI was within WHO criteria (1993) for drinking water. Temperature (T), Electrical conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Total solids (TS), Salinity, Total Hardness (TH), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were measured in two different zones (Zone I and Zone II), each with three sampling stations. The WQI was evaluated using correlation matrix and Wilcoxon signed rank test statistical techniques. The results demonstrate a significant difference in WQI between Zone I and Zone II (P0.05). Temperature, turbidity, pH, total solids, salinity, and BOD were all confirmed to be within WHO guidelines for drinking purposes in both zones. However, in Zone II, COD levels were discovered to be extremely high, while DO levels were found to be significantly lower than WHO-recommended values, rendering the water unfit for human consumption. This study suggests that wastewater treatment is required to lower COD levels and prevent water contamination in the Kalu River.
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