This is the earliest known map of the Kingdom of València (what nowadays is the Valencian Country). It was printed in 1584 by the Flemish cartographer Abraham Ortelius.
The map doesn't represent the North on top, as we're used to nowadays. On this map, the North is on the right, with the Mediterranean sea (the East) at the lower part.
The title, written in Latin, means "Of the Kingdom of València, in the Ancient times [called land of] the Contestans, according to Ptolemy, and of the Edetans, according to Pliny", citing two of the ancient peoples who had lived here until the Roman conquest.
The map was made for commercial purposes, because atlases had become very popular in the 16th and 17th centuries and most rich families wanted to own atlases with maps from all over the world. The Early Modern period in Europe is characterized by this interest in learning about the world, paired with a boom in international commerce and travel books.
Abraham Ortelius, who made this map and many other maps of places around the world, had likely never been to the Kingdom of València. According to cartography historians, this map is most likely based on the notes and hand-drawn map that had been made by the Valencian geographer, mathematician, engineer, and linguist Jeroni Muñoz (1520-1591). Muñoz had been commissioned by the viceroy of València to make a map for military purposes, but sadly that map has been lost.
Sources: Josep Vicent Boira, commissioner of the exhibition Mapes, poder i territori, interviewed in El Temps. Higher resolution image from Saó.
