#719: “James Smithson, English scientist and founder of the Smithsonian Institution, never once set foot in America. The institution was established in 1846 with funds from his estate which he left for “the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.””
James Smithson was an English chemist. Having no children, he bequeathed his estate to his nephew. If his nephew died and couldn’t claim it, then he stipulated that the estate be given “to the United States of America, to found at Washington, under the name of the Smithsonian Institution, an Establishment for the increase & diffusion of knowledge among men.”
Smithson died in 1829, but the United States didn’t find out until 1835, after Smithson’s nephew had died without heirs. His estate, which included his library and various minerals, arrived in the United States not long after.
The Smithsonian Institution was officially founded in 1847. Today, only Smithson’s books survive, since his notes and minerals were destroyed in an 1865 fire.