NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds
This content is part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds
Different Kinds of Covalent Bonds :
Electron pair shared between two atoms results in the formation of a covalent bond. This shared pair is also called bonding pair of electron.
If two atoms share one electron pair, bond is known as single covalent bond and is represented by one
dash (-)
If two atoms share two electron pairs, bond is known as double covalent bond and is represented by two
dashed (=).
If two atoms share three electron pairs, bond is known as triple covalent bond and is represented by
three dashes (=).
(i) Formation of double bond (oxygen molecule) : Two oxygen atoms combine to form oxygen molecule by sharing two electron pairs. Each oxygen atom (2, 6) has six electrons in the valence shell. It required two electrons to acquire nearest noble gas configuration. Therefore, both the atoms contribute two electrons each for sharing to form oxygen molecule. In the molecule, two electron pairs are shared and hence there is a double bond between the oxygen atoms.