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Balloon Tamponade in Upper GI Bleed.
Balloon Tamponade in Upper GI Bleed.
INTRODUCTION: Balloon tamponade is done to temporarily control life-threatening hemorrhage from gastroesophageal varices. It is only a temporizing measure before definitive therapy like endoscopy, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt or surgery is done. This tamponade is most commonly done with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. The other tubes used for tamponade include Minnesota,…
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Jugular Venous Oximetry
INTRODUCTION: Jugular venous oximetry or jugular bulb oxygen saturation (SjO2 or SjVO2) is a tool which represents a balance between the supply [cerebral blood flow (CBF)] and the need [cerebral metabolic requirement of oxygen (CMRO2)]. This is achieved by locating the tip of the catheter at the jugular venous bulb which measures the jugular venous oxygen saturation using the fiber-optic…
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Umbilical Vascular Catheterization.
INTRODUCTION: In neonates, especially in preterm babies, peripheral veins are commonly friable and finding an intravenous access is often difficult. Conventionally, placing a central line in a neonate is both exigent and difficult. Umbilical vascular catheterization provides potential surrogate site for vascular access in babies in first 14 days of life. The procedure of umbilical vascular…
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How Do They Do The Prone Positioning?
How Do They Do The Prone Positioning?
INTRODUCTION: Prone ventilation may be defined as the application of mechanical ventilation with the patient lying in prone position. It is effective in improving oxygenation by promoting alveolar recruitment, and has been used in patients ventilated mechanically for severe hypoxic respiratory failure. It also reduces ventilation induced lung injury by homogeneous distribution of stress and…
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Nursing Interventions In Aerosol Drug Delivery.
Nursing Interventions In Aerosol Drug Delivery.
INTRODUCTION: Aerosol therapy refers to the delivery of a drug to the lower airways in anaerosolized form for either local or systemic effect. Inhaled aerosol therapies are the mainstay of treatment of several respiratory diseases including obstructive lung disease. Because inhaled drug is directly delivered to the site of action, there is rapid onset of action. Moreover, a small dose of…
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Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) and Mini-BAL.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) and Mini-BAL.
INTRODUCTION: Flexible bronchoscopy has become one of the most frequently performedinvasive procedures in respiratory medicine. Since its introduction, flexiblefiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) has become the instrument of choice because of its ability to safely visualize and biopsy bronchial lesions. It visualizes the trachea, proximal airways and segmental airways up to the third generation of…
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Nursing Interventions In Fiberoptic Intubation.
Nursing Interventions In Fiberoptic Intubation.
INTRODUCTION: Fiberoptic intubation with preserved spontaneous breathing is consideredthe safest and most effective technique for elective intubation in patients with an anticipated difficult airway. Difficult intubation might be encountered in intensive care unit (ICU) patients due to various reasons. Most importantly ICU patients are never optimized compared to operation theater (OT) patients…
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Nursing Interventions In Insertion of Vena Cava Filters In ICU Bed Side And Cath Lab.
Nursing Interventions In Insertion of Vena Cava Filters In ICU Bed Side And Cath Lab.
The development of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonaryembolism (PE) remains a daily concern for physicians who care forcritically ill patients. Diagnosing PE is challenging in the intensive careunit (ICU) because signs and symptoms are nonspecific. In greater thantwo-thirds of patients, acute PE occurs prior to the diagnosis of DVT. Subsequently, much emphasis on this disease process…
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