New-Media Art Education and Its Discontents (kindle dump)
New-Media Art Education and Its Discontents Author(s): Trebor Scholz
Reviewed work(s): Source: Art Journal, Vol. 64, No. 1 (Spring, 2005), pp. 95-108 Published by: College Art Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20068369 .
Accessed: 19/04/2012 17:40
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hese topics were discussed on a preparatory online forum, and selected postings were included in a free conference publication.
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Christoph Spehr, who coined the term "free cooperation"
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ecome increasingly important. Recent versions of proprietary software, such as Macromedia's Dreamweaver, focus on the development of file sharing
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the Critical Mass and Reclaim the Streets movements present promising cooperative group models. During the antiwar protests of 2003,
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ew York City-based chamber orchestra Orpheus works without a conduc tor, rotating all artistic and administrative functions among the musicians. These are examples of horizontal, leaderless social structures.
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articipate. ActiveClass permits students to silently ask questions, share responses, and provide other types of feedback. The results are compiled and then broadcast to all the students and the teacher, facilitating verbal discussion.s
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In free cooperation, everyone stands to benefit, and anyone can leave at any time. If there are disagreements, the cooperation must remain workable. There is no ideal cooperation; there always is compromise.
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t best, collaborations can playfully spark off one another, with a "third body" resulting from a chorus.7
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he logic of the art world and that of technology-based art are opposed to each other. T
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arly projects of collaborative authorship include Robert Adrian X's Die Welt in 24 Stunden (1983), Douglas Davis's The World's First Collaborative Sentence (1994), and the project Epreuves d'?critures, part of the 198c exhibition Les Immatrieux conceived by Jean-Francois Lyotard. In spite of these examples and the interest of artists, most art institutions are neither interested in nor supportive of free cooperation. The Conference People love conferences. They are venues where you can reflect, rethink, meet future collaborators, debate ideas and artworks, party intensely, get inspired or provoked, learn, make new friends, and then occasionally carry on the debate in the sauna. They allow people who can't otherwise meet to spend a few days together (away from their obligations) and zoom in on ideas. For practitioners whose geographic location or financial situation makes access to these venues impossible, technologies such as video conferencing and Access Grid allow remote participation.9 Lovink and I suggest in a recent essay that the ritualized academic structure of panels and the essentially noncommunicative form of the keynote speech feed 97 art journal 6. The "tit-for-tat strategy" in Open Source devel opment is described in Carliss Y. Baldwin and Kim B. Clark, "The Architecture of Cooperation: Does Code Architecture Mitigate Free Riding in
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anelism is part of the dark side of'academism' and needs to be addressed, exactly because it is spilling over to other contexts such as the arts, culture, new media, and even activism."10
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ncreasingly, formats of the sciences are unnecessarily imposed on the arts, driven by the business logic of many universities that will acknowledge an art project as fundable if it affirms scientific formats of research.
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ametags contain information that makes the person locatable in a clos
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ollaborative Weblog Discordia, and dozens of e-mails.I4
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ndividuals who have the actual experience of the here-and-now-ness of teaching in the classroom and others who approach teaching with the there - and-then-ness of ideas they did not get a chance to test-drive with students.
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niversities throughout the United States increasingly are restructured to fit the imperatives of corporate business logic. In his book The University in Ruins, Bill Readings elaborates
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It is the task of the faculty to outline clearly what the interests of the department are and where the education provided will get the students professionally. Amy
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nce you work full-time, for a while, you'll realize how amazingly unfulfilling jobs are, and that you'll want an engagement with culture outside of your employment.",6
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Increasing bureaucratic demands in many universities diminish the time artist-educators have to actively engage with contemporary cultural production and discourse.
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Students rarely aspire to become artists and focus on acquiring vocational skills for their work in "the industry." They challenge the relevance of media archaeology,
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and politi cal context as concerns of an unfashionable past.
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Job opportunities drift from the VJ turntable and virtual reality lab to the local nonprofit organization and the theater stage.
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anthology Steal This University, Ana Marie Cox talks of the corporate desire for "just-in-time-knowledge"?that is, skills necessary for the job at hand, rather than basic, broader skills. As an example,
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consumer approach to education nurtures anti intellectualism, which manifests itself in neglecting assignments, complaining about workloads, or con demning intellectual debate as boring or irrelevant.
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as the time come when we can replace all proprietary software with Open Source or free software applications? Which tools can we easily use to network student groups, departments, and universities? How can we introduce wireless technologies for teaching? How can theory and production be brought together in a meaningful way?
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e need to allow for less efficiency, more play, and more experi mentation.
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ore attention should be paid to the building of friendships, relationships among peers, and interpersonal skills. Ergonomie chairs and healthy food (rare to find on U.S. campuses) would also contribute to a good learning environment.
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reie Klasse (free class) model of the Berlin University of the Arts, par ticipants should organize courses in which they teach each other, write their own curriculum, and invite speakers of their choice. W
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the university is a confedera tion of people of different ages, classes, genders, sexualities, and ethnicities. Yet the benches of new-media arts classrooms in the United States are often filled with young, Caucasian males. One reason is that most teachers are themselves white and male. I believe that, for the most part, it will be minority teachers who attract minority students. Focused recruitment in high schools is another possible approach to end this imbalance.
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oday, in the context of state budget cuts, self-organized do-it-yourself educational projects such as the Commune des Arts, the Freie Klasse, and the School for Missing Studies offer inspiring approaches.
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e should not focus on teaching technical skills alone. The cybertriumphalism that leads to "an exclusive emphasis on software programs is extremely problematic,
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ultural practices drive technical developments.23
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ays in an e-mail interview that in the last year, since the advent of Apple's Isight, he has begun to invite colleagues from the East Coast and Europe to "attend" end-of-the-semester critiques. This has worked surpris ingly well: students get one-on-one or two-on-one critiques with the virtual vis itors via two-way Web cam. For Sack, Isight is the first Web cam that "works well enough to support this kind of extended, distributed dialogue."26 He thinks it 104 SPRING 2005 23. Geert Lovink, My First Recession: Critical Internet Culture in Transition (Rotterdam: NAi,
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o the theorists like Michel Foucault, PaulVirilio.Vannevar Bush, and Jacques Derrida, we can add, for example, the rich collection of per spectives offered in Noah Wardip-Fruin and Nick Montfort's New Media Reader.34
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edicated new-media arts educators have to work harder than many of their colleagues in other departments due to the fast-paced changes in the field.
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is 106 SPRING 2005 32. Interview with Ralf Homann by the author, October 2004, available online at http://distrib utedcreativity.typepad.com/idc/2004/12/inter view_with_I .html. 33. Augusto Boal, Games for Actors and Non-Actors (London: Routledge, 2003). 34. Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Nick Montfort, eds., The New Media Reader (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003). 35. Anna Harding, "Artist?Curator?Audience: Relationships and Curating," in Education Inform ation Entertainment, 74-81 36. For more on DLP, see http://dlp.distributed
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It is a situ ated tool for learning communities to create, find, edit, reuse, and share content in new media. The DLP is a Web-based, collaborative, educational project that is 106 SPRING 2005 32. Interview with Ralf Homann by the author, October 2004, available online at http://distrib utedcreativity.typepad.com/idc/2004/12/inter view_with_I .html. 33. Augusto Boal, Games for Actors and Non-Actors (London: Routledge, 2003). 34. Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Nick Montfort, eds., The New Media Reader (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003). 35. Anna Harding, "Artist?Curator?Audience: Relationships and Curating," in Education Inform ation Entertainment, 74-81 36. For more on DLP, see http://dlp.distributed