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The Conquest of Hunger Featuring Prosper Plenty and His Magic Chemicals. Front cover of a National Fertilizer Association pamphlet from 1951.
Anyone who has or wants a planted aquarium should familiarize themselves with the signs of nutrient deficiency. This handy little flowchart does an excellent job at helping with this!
The primary sources of deficiency are CO2, Iron, Potassium and (in my experience) Nitrogen. My plants are starting to show Phosphorus deficiency as well.
When you do dose your aquarium with plant nutrients, be careful to only dose when the plants need it and to follow the directions on the bottle. Best case scenario if you dose too much: the excess nutrients will go to algae growth instead of plants. Worst case (if you’re supplementing something like Nitrogen): it can harm your fish.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Nitrogen supplements contain Nitrates and Ammonium. Ammonium is generated when Ammonia, a weak base, reacts with Brønsted acids: H+ + NH3 → NH4+. Ammonium is not harmful to fish. Some water conditioners even convert Ammonia into Ammonium. Nitrates, as every aquarist should be aware, is the end of the nitrogen cycle, and should be kept below 40 ppm to avoid harming your fish. Be careful if you need to dose this and keep a close eye on your water parameters.
I recommend using Seachem's line of plant supplements. However, I do NOT recommend using Flourish, Flourish Excel, or Flourish Tabs if you have invertebrates in your tank.
If you’re interested in reading more about basic plant care, go here: https://loachlinguini.tumblr.com/Links
by henry rabinowitz
The world of soil and nutrients can be confusing, especially when there are 16 elements that are essential for plant growth. It's more than just NPK out there, folks!
by Linda Hoover
by Natural England
by Chantal Renaud
