#protohistory

[theinternetarchive]

seal with unicorn and inscription; small stone seals were probably used to identify merchandise or property, and are among the most numerous objects surviving from the protohistoric urban sites along the banks of the indus river system. pakistan, indus valley civilization c. 2000 b.c.

[useless-catalanfacts]

The archaeological site Iberian Citadel of Calafell (Penedès, Catalonia) was a fortified residence built by the Cessetani people (one of the Ancient Iberian peoples) and inhabited between the 6th and 2nd centuries BC. Its destruction was probably due to the Roman occupation.

A part of the archaeological site has been rebuilt in the original techniques to serve two purposes: one, it allowed archaeologists to research the building methods through experimental archaeology; and two, to show what an Ancient Iberian village from around the year 200 BC would look like. You can see the result in these photos: the foundations and lower part of the walls are made of stone to keep out the humidities from the ground, and the rest of wall is made of rammed earth, with ceilings using wooden beams and reed fences. The research focused on those elements that rarely leave a trace, for example the inclination of the roofs (when the walls and roofs are made of a material that doesn't resist the passage of time, like rammed earth) and water draining.

Photos from Enoturisme Penedès and Visit Calafell. You can find the results of the reseach in the article linked here.

[nordleuchten]

Welcome to the Neanderthal!

And look at this little Pääbo cameo!

[noticiasarquelogicasjaponesas]

Sean bienvenidos japonítasarqueológicos a una síntesis, en la que comentaremos por encima el origen de la escritura en Japón. ¿Cuándo surgió? ¿Quién influencio sobre ello? ¿Tenían una escritura propia? - Como podemos ver en la foto una espada de bronce de los siglos V y VI d.c del periodo kofun encontrada, en el túmulo funerario Inariyama, que se localiza en la ciudad de Gyōda, prefectura de Saitama, en la región de Kantō. - Todo esto y mucho más en las próximas publicaciones disculpen las molestias por la inactivad este año la universidad me está engullendo demasiado segundo es más difícil de lo que pensaba, además estoy con un idioma liado fuera de la universidad. - Os deseó un feliz día y una buena semana. - Archaeological Japonites are welcome to a synthesis, in which we will briefly comment on the origin of writing in Japan. When did it arise? Who influenced it? Did they have their own script? - As we can see in the photo, a bronze sword from the 5th and 6th centuries AD of the kofun period found in the Inariyama burial mound, which is located in the city of Gyōda, Saitama prefecture, in the Kantō region. - All this and much more in the next publications, sorry for the inconvenience for the inactivity, this year the university is swallowing me too much, second, it is more difficult than I thought, and I am also with a language mess outside of the university. - He wished you a happy day and a good week. - 考古学的ジャポナイトは総合に歓迎され、その中で私たちは日本での文字の起源について簡単にコメントします.それはいつ発生しましたか？誰がそれに影響を与えましたか？彼らは独自のスクリプトを持っていましたか？ - 写真にあるように、関東地方の埼玉県行田市にある稲荷山古墳からは、古墳時代の5世紀から6世紀の青銅製の剣が出土しています。 - これらすべて、そして次の出版物ではさらに多くのことを、活動がないことでご迷惑をおかけして申し訳ありません.大学。 - 彼はあなたに幸せな一日と良い週を願っていました.

[inspofromancientworld]

The Transition from Prehistory to Written History

By I, Peter80, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2416645 The four dots near the center may indicate the lunar cycle and the month that young are born.

Prehistory is the time before we have written records to guide us in understanding the cultures that lived on earth for most of the time humans have been roaming it. There are paintings and carvings that have survived that can give us some clues, but we can't reconstruct much about the peoples that left them beyond conjecture.

By Unknown author - Плочка със знаци - Institute of Balkan Studies with Center for Thracology, Bulgaria - CC BY.https://www.europeana.eu/bg/item/2021502/jspui_handle_pub_83, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=114067889

Protohistory is the term for the transition from a culture not having writing to then having at least a literate class and keeping records, or being recorded by those around them who have a literate class. It can also refer to the time when writing moves from its initial purpose, accounting, for example, to more complete usage in transmitting the everyday thoughts and events of a culture. Confounding the transition is the recording of oral histories, pushing back what can be considered historical to before the advent of an actual historical record.

By MbztOwn work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25834613

From the advent of writing as a tool of chronology in ancient Egypt and Sumer around 3500 BCE, there have been other cultures that were written about, either as records of conflict or records of trade, both of which would include the diplomatic activities related and often correspondences between the groups. This gives us a historical record for people who don't have their own fully developed writing system. We also have this type of history from the perspective of colonizers, such as when Europeans interacted with Indigenous people groups in the Americas and Oceania. Other examples include the Proto-Three Kingdoms era of Korea and the Yayoi period of Japan, both of which were recorded by China. These records should be examined carefully as those who didn't have a writing system yet were often viewed as barbarians, such as the Germanic and Gaulish people, the Huns, and the Slavs.

By PHGCOMIndusValleySeals.JPG - IndusValleySeals.JPG, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5243844

Proto writing systems like glyphs that seem to serve the purpose of supporting an oral history or possibly as some type of identification system that don't seem to have a meaning that we can understand, for example, the Indus script from the Indus Valley Civilization that we still haven't been able to translate because the inscriptions we can find are too short to give us enough to translate them with, nor have we found any inscriptions with other languages we have translated. Early cuneiform was used largely for keeping track of goods, but because there is a very large amount of cuneiform left behind, we are able to figure out what the older records mean, though those first records still fall within protohistory.

By Photograph: Anthony HuanText: George Smith in 1871 (Public domain) - This file has been extracted from another file, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=91492274

As people began to write their current events, some began to write down their oral histories as well as compiling their current event but also those of events from before the advent of writing or before their own lives. The first people named as historians are Herodotus (484-425 BCE) and Thucydides (460-400 BCE). Both of these viewed history very differently. Herodotus viewed history as being driven by the will of the gods and their intervention while Thucydides viewed history as a series of causes and effects and the actions of humans. The culture of those writing often has an effect on those writing history.

[zsandpearls]

I find that being an archaeologist focused on something like prehistory often feels like:

[clotxa]

💪🏿Una señora con carácter 🧕🏻La Dama de Baza es una escultura íbera del siglo IV a. C. 🎨 Labrada en piedra caliza policromada por los bastetanos. 🏛Se expone en el @manarqueologico . . . . #museoarqueologiconacional #damadebaza #ibero #esculturaibera #madrid #arqueologia #escultura #protohistory #protohistoria #scuplture # (en Museo Arqueológico Nacional de España) https://www.instagram.com/p/CcntiVKIHip/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=

[the---hermit]

If there's one thing that I never imagined being part of my academic path, it's to spend half a lesson watching a video of some archeologist in the middle of nowhere beaking a piece of flint with a bigger stone. But alas here I am, and I have never been more entratained.