Are pudding stones JUST conglomerates with a drastic difference in the xenoliths and matrix or are they also metamorphosed? I own 2 pudding stones from Michigan as well as a few regular conglomerates but my geology professor didn't explain pudding stones well, here's a photo of them1
That is a nice collection! You are correct in your definition of puddingstone, however conglomerate does not need to be metamorphosed to be described as puddingstone.
Below I provide you with definition quote for puddingstone from the Glossary of Geology (5th edition, 2011) with hope that it helps with further explanation of this rock:
‘(a) A popular name applied chiefly in Great Britain to a conglomerate consisting of well-rounded pebbles whose colours are in such marked contrast with the abundant fine-grained matrix or cement that the rock suggests an old-fashioned plum pudding. Example: the Hertfordshire Puddingstone (lower Eocene) in England, composed of black or brown flint pebbles cemented by white silica, with or without brown iron hydroxide. Syn: plum-pudding stone. (b) A siliceous rock cut into blocks for furnace linings. Also spelled: pudding stone.‘
Hope this helps! Thanks for your question.