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Raman Scattering

Introduction Raman Scattering, a fundamental phenomenon in the world of light-matter interactions, provides a powerful tool for scientists to explore the nature of materials. Discovered by Sir C.V. Raman in 1928, this scattering event involves a change in the energy (and thus wavelength) of light when it interacts with a material. The study of Raman scattering has found broad applications, from…

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Scientists rapidly grow a long-seed DKDP crystal

DKDP (KDxH2-xPO4), which can minimize stimulated Raman scattering, is the best nonlinear crystal used as a tripler in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) facilities.

It takes one to two years to get a DKDP tripler for ICF facilities using a traditional growth method. Therefore, the rapid growth method comes into being. However, in the 'point-seed' rapidly grown DKDP crystals, all prismatic faces and pyramidal faces grow under high supersaturated solutions, forming the so-called pyramid-prism (PY-PR) boundary which is detrimental to efficient frequency tripling and phase matching.

Recently, the researchers from Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), has successfully grown a large long-seed DKDP crystal with the size of 470 mm × 495 mm × 560 mm.

With a long seed of 320 mm high, the DKDP crystal has been growing for just over three months. And this crystal can cut out DKDP triplers that do not contain PY-PR boundary.

Material scientists use stimulated Raman scattering microscopy to observe ions moving in liquid electrolyte

Lithium metal batteries hold tremendous promise for next-generation energy storage because the lithium metal negative electrode has 10 times more theoretical specific capacity than the graphite electrode used in commercial Li-ion batteries. It also has the most negative electrode potential among materials for lithium batteries, making it a perfect negative electrode. However, lithium is one of the most difficult materials to manipulate, due to its internal dendrite growth mechanism. This highly complex process is still not fully understood and can cause Li-ion batteries to occasionally short circuit, catch fire, or even explode.

While researchers know that the growth of dendrites, which are needle-like lithium whiskers that form internally in battery electrodes, is affected by how ions move in the electrolyte, they do not understand how ion transport and inhomogeneous ionic concentration affect the morphology of lithium deposition. Imaging ion transport in a transparent electrolyte has proved to be highly challenging, and current techniques have been unable to capture low ionic concentrations and ultrafast electrolyte dynamics.

Coherence of Raman light arises from disorder

Light propagation in disordered materials is a topic of great interest for the scientific community, with applications in the fields of photonics and renewable energies and the discovery of fascinating new phenomena related to wave physics.

A team of researchers with different expertise in the fields of optical spectroscopy, photonics and material science has reported on a new physical effect demonstrating the coherent nature of spontaneous Raman-scattered light. The work, recently published in Nature Photonics with the title "Coherent Backscattering of Raman Light," paves the way to the development of a new research field on complex photonics systems exploiting both elastic (Rayleigh) and inelastic (Raman) scattered light.

"A dense forest of ultrathin silicon wires arranged in a disordered fashion, in which light waves bounce back and forth countless times before coming out, is the material that allowed us to reveal this new phenomenon. What we observed as a macroscopic physical effect is the coherence between Raman scattered light waves, which typically occurs on the scale of nanometers, given by the phonon coherence length," says the paper by Barbara Fazio (CNR-IPCF, Messina), Matteo Galli (University of Pavia), Francesco Priolo (University of Catania and CNR-IMM) and Diederik Wiersma (LENS, University of Firenze), who led the study.

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