So since there is evidently a renewed interest in sea shanties, I figure now is a good a time as ever to talk about Cape Horn! If you have listened to many sea shanties you have probably come across at least one that mentions it (although it may sound more like Kay’porn). So What is Cape Horn!
Cape horn is a cape off the coast of Chile
Before the creation of the Panama and Suez canals, it was basically the only way of circumnavigating the world by boat. This is why you’ll hear about it so often in sea shanties, as anyone traveling to certain parts of the world would have to pass through here (notably the British, who’s whole empire was held together by their navy). To pass through Cape Horn was known as rounding the horn, which is something else you’ll hear a lot in sea shanties.
However, rounding the horn was significantly easier said than done. Cape Horn holds a deadly cocktail of wind and rocks that make it uniquely terrifying to try and pass through.
Cape horn is one of the most southernly points in the world, and it has very little land to interrupt it, which means it gets winds like nowhere else on earth. The winds even have their own nicknames based on their latitudes. The ‘Roaring Forties’, ‘Furious Fifties’ and ‘Screaming Sixties’ below their respective degrees south. The true terror of these winds is captured in the adage “Below 40 there is no law. Below 50 there is no God” (also notable, the Spanish, chose to haul their cargo over land rather than risking the treacherous waters)
Today, we have canals that allow most ships to pass through to the other side of the planet. However, they are slow, and only fit certain sizes of ship. This means that many large boats still round the horn today.
Rounding the Horn is also done by adventurers and thrill seekers. To many in the yachting world, it’s the ultimate challenge. The Mount Everest of sailing. And just like Mount Everest, it can be a deadly expedition, with an estimated 10,000 sailors having lost their lives in the waters of Cape Horn over the last 400 years.
(Monument to sailors claimed by Cape Horn)
And so the next time your listening to a sea shanties, and some sailor laments about “roundin’ the horn”, know that it’s more than justified.