Palawan Treeshrew (Tupaia palawanensis), family Tupaiidae, order Scandentia, Puerto Princessa, Philippines
photograph by Gid Ferrer

seen from Brazil

seen from Brazil

seen from Germany

seen from United Kingdom

seen from Libya
seen from Canada
seen from Yemen

seen from United States

seen from Germany
seen from Türkiye
seen from Türkiye
seen from China
seen from United States

seen from Colombia
seen from Canada
seen from Germany
seen from United States
seen from Colombia
seen from Malaysia
seen from Brazil
Palawan Treeshrew (Tupaia palawanensis), family Tupaiidae, order Scandentia, Puerto Princessa, Philippines
photograph by Gid Ferrer
Mountain Treeshrew Tupaia montana
A treeshrew endemic to Borneo. They forage on the ground among fallen logs and branches where they feed mostly on arthropods. They also consume large quantities of wild fruits and berries, eating them in short bursts.
img source
Uncharismatic Fact of the Day
Humans have been consuming alcohol for thousands of years, but we're not the only ones with a taste for it! The pen-tailed treeshrew's diet consists almost entirely of naturally fermented nectar, which can have an alcohol content as high as 3.8%. Given their small size, that's the human equivalent of consuming 10-12 glasses of wine. However, this species is able to fully metabolize the alcohol and avoid the intoxicating side-effects.
(Image: A pen-tailed treeshrew (Ptilocercus lowii) by Annette Zitzmann)
If you like what I do, consider buying me a ko-fi!
portrait of a common treeshrew (tupaia glis). check out the process and some cool NOT-shrew facts on my Instagram and TikTok page!
Madras Tree Shrew or Indian Tree Shrew (Anathana ellioti), family Tupaiidae, order Scandentia, Maharashtra, India
While tree shrews are called shrews and resemble squirrels, they are actually much more closely related to Primates
They are omnivorous generally tree dwelling mammals native to South and Southeast Asia
Photo by Aniruddha Joshi
Taxonomy Tournament: Mammals
Scandentia. This order is made up of treeshrews, small mammals native to South and Southeast Asia. They are sometimes used as model organisms due to being closely related to primates.
Monotremata. The only order of mammals to lay eggs. It is made up of the duck-billed platypus and echidnas.
Which clade of animals is better?
Scandentia
Monotremata
Show results
I think most people are aware of the fact that humans are related to other primates such as chimps, gorillas, mandrills and probably even Curious George. As a matter of fact, humans ARE primates, which means we share a common ancestor with all other primates. The order Primate includes many species other than just humans and animals that we usually call "monkeys", it also includes lemurs and some other minor families.
However, what I was curious to know was what animals are the most closely related to humans after the primates. To find out, we need to go up the ranks in our phylogenetic tree. As seen on the image on top, primates are part of the mirorder (like an order, but bigger) Primatomorpha, which includes the order Dermoptera (yes, Greek nerds, this means something along the lines of "wing skin"). The order Dermoptera consists entirely of colugos, which are also known as flying lemurs. Despite their name, they are not lemurs and despite their appearance, they are not flying squirrels. They just happen to also be equipped with a patagium (the skin membrane they use to glide) due to convergent evolution. While this is surely interesting, colugos are quite obscure animals and I was looking for a group of animals that would be more "commonly known", even if a bit less related to humans.
We can go even higher up in our phylogenetic tree and see that Primatomorpha are part of the grandorder (like a mirorder, but even bigger) Euarchonta and have a sister order, Scandentia. Animals in the order Scandentia are referred to as "tree shrews", but again, the name is misleading because while they are indeed arboreal, they are not shrews. The image above has one example of these creatures, a tupaia, and while they are cute and all, they are still not what I would call a "commonly known animal". Also, note that the position of the order Scandentia in the evolutionary tree is actually debatable as some researchers place them as a sister clade* to the Glires.
Going one more rank up in our phylogenetic tree, we see that Euarchonta are part of the superorder (like a grandorder, but bigger, you get the idea) Euarchontoglires, which includes the clade Glires. Within this clade are found the orders Lagomorpha and Rodentia, which are both comprised of very well known animals, such as rabbits and rats. I think it's pretty cool to think that those animals are quite closely related to primates, and therefore, to humans. Probably this is why they are (sadly) used for animal testing of medicine and cosmetics, although they are also probably used because of economical reasons.
* I will one day make a post about this word, it's actually pretty interesting.
Northern tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)
Photo by Bruno Conjeaud