Just wanted to say I love your blog!! I’ve learned so much valuable insight about cetacean welfare and SeaWorld from it and have actually changed my view on some things. But I don’t want to rely solely on Tumblr blogs for my knowledge yknow? I’m not really sure how to start finding reliable sources.. is google scholar any good? Do you have any recommendations? Thank you for for what you do :) <3
Hi there! I'm really glad you've found my blog helpful and I commend you on wanting multiple sources, especially for such a complex topic.
Google scholar does work, I just looked up "orca welfare" and "cetacean welfare" and it looks like actual welfare papers are available. There's still some lobbyist white papers floating around in there and The Jett and Ventre longevity paper still persists - but I'd recommend looking at Dr. Kelly Jaakkola and Dr Grey Staffor's rebuttal of it.
When looking into journal articles, I recommend assessing the journal its published in and whether it makes sense for the paper to be published there - is it a legal journal? Zoological? Nature?. I want solid welfare data, not opinion pieces. So I'm going to look for studies that have been conducted with the animals themselves. I'll also read the methodology of the study. For example, if a study is discussing findings in welfare, they should be using previously established welfare assessments.
The most well-known is Dr. Isabella Clegg's C-Well Assessment for cetaceans. Dr. Isabella Clegg is also a good resource for general cetacean welfare work.
This paper is a good case study example of how to assess apparent "welfare" studies. All of these authors are actively involved in both wild and captive cetacean research.
If a paper is using inflammatory and emotive language, claiming a source supports them when it does the opposite and/or makes widespread blanket claims about entire populations from a small data set or no data set... it's probably not a very reliable source.
I also recommend checking out this letter to the editor. This letter was directed towards the Journal of Veterinary Behaviour, who published what amounted to an opinion piece about orca welfare and refused to accept any criticism towards Marino et. al. 2019, despite egregious errors.
Be wary of review papers that are trying to push a specific belief system without any citations or data. Just talking about the existence of the HPA axis and terrestrial animal studies are not enough to say chronic stress is happening in an unrelated species.
Most papers are going to be reviews of existing data, testing of methodology in measuring welfare and using those methologies to collect data and make conclusions based on that data.
It's a little bit of a minefield out there when it comes to cetacean welfare science but hopefully that helps to get an idea of how to assess papers for legitmacy and go "do your own research" while being aware of these potential traps.














