How to configure a network switch?
Management Interface Considerations
An access layer switch is a lot of like a PC in that you have to configure an IP address, a subnet cover, and a default passage.
To deal with a switch distantly utilizing TCP/IP, you have to dole out the switch an IP address. In the figure, you want to oversee S1 from PC1, a PC utilized for dealing with the system.
To do this, you have to dole out switch S1 an IP address. This IP address is relegated to a virtual interface called a virtual LAN (VLAN), and afterward it is important to guarantee the VLAN is doled out to a particular port or ports on the switch.
The default setup on the switch is to have the management of the switch controlled through VLAN 1.
In any case, a best practice for essential switch design is to change the management VLAN to a VLAN other than VLAN 1.
The suggestions and thinking behind this activity are clarified in the following part.
Configure Management Interface
To configure an IP address and subnet veil on the management VLAN of the switch, you should be in VLAN interface design mode.
Utilize the command interface vlan 99 and enter the ip address design command. You should utilize the no shutdown interface setup command to make this Layer 3 interface operational.
At the point when you see "interface VLAN x", that alludes to the Layer 3 interface related with VLAN x. Just the management VLAN has an interface VLAN related with it.
Configure Default Gateway
You have to configure the switch with the goal that it can advance IP bundles to far off systems. The default door is the component for doing this.
The switch advances IP parcels with goal IP addresses outside the nearby system to the default door.
In the figure, switch R1 is the following bounce switch. Its IP address is 172.17.99.1.
To configure a default passage for the switch, utilize the ip default-entryway command.
Enter the IP address of the following bounce switch interface that is legitimately associated with the switch where a default entryway is being configured.
Ensure you spare the design running on a switch or switch. Utilize the duplicate running-config startup-config command to back up your design.
Show the IP Interfaces
Utilize the show ip interface brief to confirm port activity and status. You will work on utilizing the switchport get to vlan 99 command in a hands on lab and a Packet Tracer action.
The mdix auto Command
You used to be required to utilize certain link types (traverse, straight-through) while associating between explicit gadgets, change to-switch or change to-switch.
Rather, you would now be able to utilize the mdix auto interface design command in the CLI to empower the automatic medium-subordinate interface hybrid (auto-MDIX) highlight.
At the point when the auto-MDIX include is empowered, the switch distinguishes the necessary link type for copper Ethernet associations and configures the interfaces in like manner.
Consequently, you can utilize either a hybrid or a straight-through link for associations with a copper 10/100/1000 port on the switch, paying little mind to the kind of gadget on the opposite finish of the association.
The auto-MDIX highlight is empowered of course on switches running Cisco IOS Release 12.2(18)SE or later. For discharges between Cisco IOS Release 12.1(14)EA1 and 12.2(18)SE, the auto-MDIX include is crippled of course.
Configure Duplex and Speed
You can utilize the duplex interface arrangement command to determine the duplex method of activity for switch ports. You can physically set the duplex mode and speed of change ports to maintain a strategic distance from between merchant issues with autonegotiation. Despite the fact that there can be issues when you configure change port duplex settings to auto, in this model, S1 and S2 switches have a similar duplex settings and velocities.
Configure a Web Interface
Present day Cisco switches have various electronic arrangement devices that necessitate that the switch is configured as a HTTP worker. These applications incorporate the Cisco internet browser UI, Cisco Router and Security Device Manager (SDM), and IP Phone and Cisco IOS Telephony Service applications.
Dealing with the MAC Address Table
Switches use MAC address tables to decide how to advance traffic between ports. These MAC tables incorporate dynamic and static addresses.
Dynamic addresses are source MAC addresses that the switch learns and afterward ages when they are not being used. You can change the maturing time setting for MAC addresses.
The default time is 300 seconds. Setting too short a maturing time can make addresses be rashly expelled from the table. At that point, when the switch gets a parcel for an obscure goal, it floods the bundle to all ports in a similar LAN (or VLAN) as the getting port.
This superfluous flooding can affect execution. Setting too long a maturing time can make the address table be loaded up with unused addresses, which keeps new addresses from being educated. This can likewise cause flooding.
To make a static planning in the MAC address table, utilize the mac-address-table static <MAC address> vlan {1-4096, ALL} interfaceinterface-id command.
To remove a static planning in the MAC address table, utilize the no mac-address-table static <MAC address> vlan {1-4096, ALL} interfaceinterface-id command.
The greatest size of the MAC address table shifts with various switches. For instance, the Catalyst 2960 arrangement switch can hide away to 8,192 MAC addresses.
There are different conventions that may constrain irrefutably the quantity of MAC address accessible to a switch.