now, calculus and other foundation courses are never going to be small enrollment courses, even when the number of people in a particular section is small. Whenever you have 900 people taking the same foundational course (a course that has 17 other courses built on it), there is a need for some standardization, and the more standardization, the less there is opportunity for experimenting with methods. A lot of big colleges lean towards “as much standardization as possible”, which is bad for both students and teachers, because oftentimes the standards developed contradict what would be good teaching practices. But there has to be some insurance that students will learn at least this much material by the end of the class, because they literally cannot progress towards their major if they don’t. Like, if we spend 2 months on a definition of a scheme in my graduate algebraic geometry class because it takes us unexpectedly long time to get through problems -- that’s fine, and we will come out of it really really understanding the definition of a scheme, if not much else. But this cannot happen in a calc 1 course, because there’s a departmental final exam, there is calc 2, there is calculus-based physics etc etc.