Nickel is metal that has been known for thousands of years just like gold and silver. Pure nickel has a silvery-white color with a little bit of gold coloring thrown into the mix. It has a shiny, metallic luster (as all metals do) and is opaque. It has a hardness of 4, making it harder than both gold and silver. This means nickel can scratch both of those metals. Another really cool physical property is that nickel is ferromagnetic. This is very important.
Nickel is much more common than either gold or silver. It can be found in its pure elemental form or in mineral ores. Nickel ores include laterite, a type of soil deposit that changes composition depending on what minerals are present. They are typically rich in iron and aluminum which results in a rusty red color as the iron oxidizes. Laterite is formed in hot, wet, tropical areas.
Laterite deposits were the main source of nickel ores but that changed when nickel was found in sulfide deposits. Laterites that contain nickel are limonite (Fe, Ni)O(OH),
and garnierite (Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2·H2O (approximately, it varies A LOT)
Sulfide ores that contain nickel include pentlandite (Fe,Ni)9S8,
Just like gold and silver, nickel has a face-centered cubic structure.
You'll also notice that in many ores, nickel is found alongside another metal: iron. These two metals are like the best of friends. In fact, the two metals are the main components of the Earth's inner and outer cores.
Because these two metals are ferromagnetic, they play a very important role in protecting our planet from dangerous solar energy. The outer core in liquid, and that liquid nickel/iron mixture creates the magnetosphere or the Earth's magnetic field. That magnetic field protects the Earth against solar winds that would strip our atmosphere from us. (Ask Mars, it's not a good deal). Thanks to that magnetosphere, we get some pretty spectacular light shows in the sky if you know where to look too.
Earth is not the only space object to contain a lot of nickel. Meteoric nickel (found with meteoric iron) makes up a vast number or meteorites.
Now, unlike gold and silver, nickel can actually prove to be toxic for us, so please, do not go out and lick or consume nickel products. Your body will not thank you.
Thanks for coming to learn about nickel! Tune in tomorrow for some polar trivia. Fossilize you later!