Egocentric vs allocentric
“When we adopt an egocentric stance we understand the other person relative to ourselves, which allows us to locate him in our social world and to interact with him.
For example, Piaget pointed out that young children can easily understand the relationship between themselves and their mother but it is more difficult for them to understand that their mother is also their father’s wife.
This understanding requires an allocentric stance, which represents the other independently of one’s own current relation with her.”
“do not understand how you are related to the others”
“The reverse question can also be asked: what would happen if we had only an allocentric representation of others and ourselves?
If you do not understand how you are related to the others, if you do not know your social location relative to them in an immediate way, you may suffer from poor social interactions.
You may lack an ‘‘immediate, pre-reflective, or implicit understanding of the meaning of social interaction’’ (Zahavi & Parnas, 2003).
You may try to compensate for your lack of egocentric representations of others by using your allocentric social knowledge.
Yet, this knowledge will not have been acquired on the basis of normal social experience and may result in a set of abstract rules.
The allocentric stance is detached from interactions with people, while the egocentric stance is immersed in social interactions and directly connected to them.”
‘‘like an anthropologist on Mars”
“AS [Asperger Syndrome] people are famed for being able to adopt an unbiased and highly abstract stance towards the social world, like ‘‘an anthropologist on Mars’’ (Sacks, 1995).
They thrive on the idea of rules. This is shown whenever AS individuals talk about generalities of how people with AS behave, and about rules that other people might follow in their social interactions that they feel they have worked out by logical analysis. (...)
They have high-level social knowledge and are able to see social structures and relationships in a detached way that can give rise to the impression that they are cold and distanced.
However, their personal logic of how the social world should work may be very formal and far from reality.”
Source: Frith, Uta, and Frederique De Vignemont. "Egocentrism, allocentrism, and Asperger syndrome." Consciousness and cognition 14.4 (2005): 719-738.
See also: Jordan Peterson