Marvels of illusion: illusion and perception in the art of Salvador Dali - Reflection
Marvels of illusion: illusion and perception in the art of Salvador Dali by Martinez-Conde Susana, Conley Dave, Hine Hank, Kropf Joan, Tush Peter, Ayala Andrea, Macknik Stephen L. (2015)
In this article, the authors express the definition of Surrealism as to “blur the distinction between the real and the imagined.” Using examples from the “Marvels of Illusion” exhibition at The Dali Museum, the authors recognised the use of optical illusion techniques from several different Dali’s paintings to identify the significance of visual illusion in surrealism.
The authors stated the term illusions in neuroscience as a “disconnect between reality and perception”. Therefore, when we experience an effect of illusion, it appears surreal due to a lack of perception and questioning of reality.
Filling-in illusions: As the article stated the human visual system has neurons responsible for the “face sense” function that not only can detect and recognise an actual face but also including those of illusory or imaginary faces. “Face pareidolia” refers to when we accidentally find faces from visual information, such as in the painting ‘The Madonna of the Birds’ by Dali (1943).
Ambiguous Illusions: This term particularly refers to Dali’s art and is recognised when the brain interprets the same image, yet creates two or more opposite perceptions. For example ‘The Three Ages’ by Dali (1940).
Depth Perception and Stereoscopic Vision: Depth perception creates depth information on a flat surface using precise calculations and rules such as vanishing points, shading, occlusion, transparency etc. Example of Le Crane by Dali (1972). Stereoscopic vision is a neural mechanism that combines the horizontal images from the left to the right eye to create a 3D perception, such as Crucifixion (Christ of Gala) by Dali (1981).
After reading this article, I was able to grasp a further understanding of the connection between illusion and the state of the surreal. The illusion challenges our perception and blends the definition between real and imaginary, thus the state of surreal - between reality and dream.