Thuy Anh Phan

University life of Thuy Anh!!!🌼

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Risks of disclosing personal information on social media and a few things about social media governance (Week 10)

Social media is one of the things associated with the life of modern people. The explosion of information technology combined with the shift and drastic changes in people's consumption trends have formed a "virtual society", "miniature society" - that contains most of all daily human activities. It can be buying and selling, sharing information, knowledge, or even political activities. As a result, people have to share their personal information such as full name, age, picture, date of birth, habit acquaintance, place of residence, phone number, email address, family relationships, friends, colleagues, work, bank account (Hung Yen's Police office 2021). If they do not have good and thorough governance, the risks of revealing personal information, confidential information, or property will very easily happen to them.

For companies, these risks include employee use of personal computers and company-issued smartphones that can lead to leaks of confidential information or intellectual property, which can cause serious harm, reputation issues, and possible regulatory violations (Hung Yen's Police office 2021). Company secrets can be used for malicious purposes, stolen, and the customers' information may also be exposed.

For individuals, the risk of disclosing personal information can cause them to get entangled in certain controversies. From the collected information, cybercrime can use to scam, impersonate appropriate property from friends, families, even take over bank accounts. Confidential personal information that does not want to be made public is taken advantage of by crooks, appropriated, and used to control or even blackmail users. Taking advantage of relationship loopholes to take over accounts and post ads (Hung Yen's Police office 2021). Recently, there was a case where Facebook leaked information of half a billion users (Tuoi Tre 2021).

Therefore, the importance of social media governance is significant. "Governance" includes all laws, policies, and regulations specific to media and communication and those outside the field but affect it, e.g., corporate law, copyright law, and free speech law. It also includes the organizations and agencies responsible for administering and enforcing such laws, rules, and regulations (Flew 2015). Social media governance is understanding the risks that social media poses to your organization and having confidence that you are appropriately managing them (PWC 2013).

Besides the protection of laws, regulations and policies, both companies and individuals need to have a thorough and reasonable way to manage their social networks; the risk factors they face will be limited, minimizing the operating environment for cybercriminals and those who steal consumers' personal information for for-profit purposes.

References

Flew, T 2015, "Social Media Governance", Social Media + Society, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 205630511557813, viewed 23 March, 2022, <https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2056305115578136>.

PWC 2013?, Social Media Governance Managing social media risk, PWC, viewed 23 March, 2022, <https://pwc.blogs.com/files/social-media-governance.pdf>.

Tuoi Tre 2021, Facebook rò rỉ thông tin cá nhân hơn nửa tỉ người dùng, có cả một số nước Đông Nam Á, viewed 23 March, 2022, <https://congnghe.tuoitre.vn/facebook-ro-ri-thong-tin-ca-nhan-hon-nua-ti-nguoi-dung-co-ca-mot-so-nuoc-dong-nam-a-20210404065316887.htm>.

Hung Yen's Police office 2021, Nguy hiểm từ việc để lộ, lọt thông tin cá nhân trên không gian mạng, viewed 23 March, 2022, <http://conganhungyen.gov.vn/nguy-hiem-tu-viec-de-lo-lot-thong-tin-ca-nhan-tren-khong-gian-mang-c215937.html>.

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The influence of slow fashion (Week 9)

Economic:

Fast fashion has a significant impact on the global economy. This will create $192 billion in profit, benefiting the global economy if it is done by 2030 (Swatski 2021). This is not a negative effect on the economy, but on the contrary, it helps the global economy become more positive. In addition, the workforce can also enjoy a better salary than the fast fashion industry (Brewer 2019). So why do the fashion brands in the fast fashion industry not consider this an urgent job but change their production methods to both increase profits and save the planet?

That is for the global economy and as for each individual's wallet; although slow-fashion goods may be more expensive to buy, they can be used for a longer time, match with more outfits, and never go out of style. They can be seen as an economical and affordable option for customers.

Environmental

Minimizing the ecological footprint: Slow fashion conserves resources, decreases CO2 emissions, and has a small influence on the environment and climate change.

Saving freshwater resources: Dyeing fabrics consume fresh water and pollute them. Therefore, if we increase the use of slow fashion products, we will save more clean water and reduce the polluted water to the environment.

Protect the oceans: Slow fashion is constructed mainly of natural and biodegradable materials that, unlike synthetic textiles like polyester, do not emit microplastics when washed. And slow fashion generally avoids the use of plastic packaging, which further reduces waste. (Brewer 2019)

Social sustainability (human right)

Fast fashion is the fastest, most mass-produced, and cheapest fashion possible. Moreover, while it is precisely for us, somewhere on the other side of the world, there is a heavy price to pay. It can easy to see the reports of workers - including children - operating in inhumane conditions in fast fashion companies' factories.

A specific case for this problem is Shein - a company that manufactures and sells fast fashion items that have a worldwide reputation. Garment workers at Shein factories sew 11 to 12 hours a day, or about 75 hours a week. Workers are entitled to only one day off per month and are not entitled to overtime pay or employment contracts, preventing workers from accessing social security benefits. However, it is not just Shein, these conditions are common in the textile industry - in China, migrant workers come from provinces outside, where wages are much lower to work in manufacturing facilities (Michie 2021).

On the other hand, the slow fashion movement promotes fair, transparent, and healthy working conditions.

References

SWATSKI, A 2021, You are being redirected..., viewed 23 March, 2022, <https://fashinnovation.nyc/the-economic-impact-of-the-fashion-industry/>.

Michie, N 2021, Shein Responds After Report Alleges Labour Law Violations In China, viewed 23 March, 2022, <https://fashionmagazine.com/style/shein-violates-labour-laws/>.

Brewer, M 2019, "Slow Fashion in a Fast Fashion World: Promoting Sustainability and Responsibility", Laws, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 24, viewed 23 March, 2022, <https://www.mdpi.com/2075-471X/8/4/24/htm>.

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The attractiveness of Streamer career in Vietnam (Week 8)

Game Live streaming in Vietnam is currently a new trend and attracts the attention of many young people. This job has been booming in Vietnam since 2018, in the form of live streaming a game match. And under that is the image and comment of the gamer. Gaming sessions in Vietnam are usually streamed mainly on platforms like Twitch, Nimo TV (for professional gaming), social networking platforms like Facebook, or maybe on Youtube. This trend was started in Vietnam thanks to the connection of PewPew and VirusS (professional League of Legends player) and attracted more and more people to join, with the participation of many people like Do Mixi, Xemesis, CrisDevil, …

The process and work of streaming seem pretty straightforward at first glance. Streamers just need to live stream, share screens, occasionally comment on their matches, and still bring in huge income and popularity, but "Only the wearer knows where the shoe pinches". First, we will talk about the income of famous streamers in Vietnam. They usually have four main ways of making money:

Receiving donations from audiences

Receiving ads from brands and large companies

Receiving money from game streaming platforms (for example, through views on Youtube, or a professional game channel like Twitch TV, Nimo TV),

A commentator for a professional esports match.

Specifically, Do Mixi emerged with streaming PUBG from 2017, and during that time until now, he has been able to earn stable money from this work and reached 6.15 million subscribers on Youtube. He humorously shared that "I only earn 7-8 million dong a month", however, he has accumulated a huge fortune, and opening a charity fund at the end of each year to build schools for mountainous students. Or streamer Linh Ngoc Dam often buys expensive branded items or buys a house for her parents. In addition, Nimo TV has to pay her 600 million dongs per month (Vietnamnet 2021)… Cris Phan, the owner of the CrisDevil Gamer channel, was the 4th person to reach the YouTube diamond button in Vietnam.

The source of income and success of famous streamers in Vietnam is quite significant. Therefore, the trend of everyone becoming a streamer has emerged, young people are gradually diving into this profession. Not only because the income is enormous if famous, many young people still have the mindset that is just playing games can make money. That's why more and more streamers of all ages appear on social media today, and they can do anything to be famous. Not everyone can play well, but if they play badly, no one will watch it. Not only that, but they also have to play games and interact with the audience. In addition, the harms that this profession also brings significantly affect the streamer's health, such as changing the biological clock, or they have to receive criticism from the audience if they have an unintentional act during live stream time…

Every career has advantages and disadvantages that exist in parallel, so young people need to learn more about their chosen job, planning the right development path, not for popularity to exchange yourself.

References

Vietnamnet 2021, Bất ngờ thu nhập khủng của các nữ streamer hàng đầu Việt Nam, viewed 21 March, 2022, <https://vietnamnet.vn/vn/kinh-doanh/thi-truong/thu-nhap-khung-cua-cac-nu-streamer-hang-dau-viet-nam-746912.html>.

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Why are Instagram filters so popular?

(Week 7)

According to The Drum's statistics, in 2020, 1/5 of the total of 2069 people surveyed said that they no longer post photos on social media platforms without using photo editing tools, especially filters. In the post of this week, we'll take a look at some of the factors that lead to the popularity of Instagram filters. It is going to cover two main aspects: the variety of filters and the ease of sharing and creating filters.

1. Variety of filters

First, we need to mention the popularity of quiz filters on Instagram. Questions are integrated and put on the user's head, such as "Which Disney character are you", "which Pokemon character are you", "Which celebrity do you look like"... This has been very successful when attracting users' curiosity, making them more likely to choose at first sight. They are curious about themselves, curious about the objective comments about them.

In addition, the filters are constantly updated, exploiting the user's psychology, knowing what they are curious about, at each most relevant moment. For example, questions like "what do you eat today", "in 2022 I will become…", "How much will your GPA be this unit",... Besides, there is also the popularity of funny, colorful filters that keep up with the times, attracting more and more users.

Finally and most importantly, there are beauty filters, a tool to help "online plastic surgery". These filters always give users new experiences in changing the face, smaller nose, bigger eyes, long and curled eyelashes, or thicker lips. Current beauty standards are updated in the fastest time, and more and more filters are created. It helps users have a more perfect, beautiful, and attractive look without editing too much, without using another app, saving more time, even without having to go to plastic surgery, and still having a high nose and a beautiful face.

2. It will be easier for users to share and create filters.

Users can easily create a filter according to their own criteria without depending on another factor. In addition, users can also easily share them with their friends and followers through just a few small steps. The virality of filters is very high because users tend to share it in their stories, and then their followers are likely to use and share that filter. Users see their friends using it, find it interesting, and use it, creating more trending filters. It creates enormous networks on this platform.

The above are shared and summarized in my personal opinion, I hope you can contribute and share your views in the comment section so that it can become more perfect.

References

Smith, J 2020, Instagram Filters: Why are they so popular and what does it mean for brands?, viewed 18 March, 2022, <https://www.thedrum.com/opinion/2020/02/06/instagram-filters-why-are-they-so-popular-and-what-does-it-mean-brands>.

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The reality of body modification (Week 6)

Body modification is the intentional permanent, or semi-permanent alteration of the living human body for reasons such as ritual, folk medicine, aesthetics, or corporal punishment. Generally, these are voluntary changes. The common methods used are incision, perforation, complete or partial excision, filling, abrasion, adhesion, insertion of foreign objects or materials, compress, distort, redirect, expand tint (Encyclopaedia Britanica 2022). And in this post, I'm focusing on the influence of social media on body modification.

Nowadays, according to plastic surgeons, many people no longer want plastic surgery to look like celebrities as much as before. But instead, they choose to have plastic surgery to look like their edited selfie photos. This trend is based on the fact that there are currently countless photo editing apps filters on social networks, and these filters are always designed to best suit the so-called "trend of beauty" like today. For example, filters on Instagram often have curved eyelashes or lips like 10cc injections. Because of such popularity causes many psychological problems for social network users, such as BDD (Body Dysmorphic Disorder - a mental problem that causes sufferers to obsess about impairments) body defects, prompting them to do everything to overcome them regardless of fasting, weight loss, or plastic surgery).

Currently, plastic surgery is so much that it is considered an "inevitable part of the beauty process". Suppose we surf hot trending posts on Instagram or simply posts that don't have too many interactions, we still can see images of girls with "super big" butts, with lips "like two pieces of beef" or eyelashes that are both curved and thick. It's like a common standard that everyone considers beautiful and makes themselves like those girls despite all the consequences. However, injecting anything into the body, or modifying, putting something "fake" in their body should also consider the consequences. Are the beauty achievements you receive worth the trade-off? Many girls have had to pull out when having buttock augmentation surgery when they can't stand the heaviness of movement (if they're lucky), or sometimes suffer from necrosis when they have surgery in poor quality facilities. Or as simple as the "white like Ngoc Trinh" trend that broke out in Vietnam about 7 years ago, around 2014, when girls rushed to white bath but ignored the consequences. Hydroquinone (HQ) - an inhibitor of melanin formation, can cause cell mutations, cause skin cancer; mercury - a substance that causes kidney failure, liver failure, disorders of cerebral circulation; Corticosteroids - substances that cause skin atrophy, reduce the resistance of the skin, easily cause infection. Most recently, the rise of the cream mix, "King of Pharmaceutical", "Harry Potter Vietnam" are openly sale it, live stream, "close orders" continuously.

And the effects on the body caused by its owner are also somewhat divided into several categories, including extreme body modification. Besides plastic surgery (which is considered the most gentle), more horror trends also originate from social networks. For example, "players" will split their tongues to resemble a lizard to look cooler and then have to endure pain, shortness of breath, difficulty swallowing, and psychological damage. Or tattoo the whole face, piercing, dilating the ears, grinding teeth, ...

The above are just small pieces of information, a tiny aspect of the problem that I have collected, I hope you can contribute more comments on the current status of this issue in the comment section below to post to make it more perfect <3

References

Encyclopaedia Britanica 2022, body modifications and mutilations, viewed 15 March, 2022, <https://www.britannica.com/science/body-modifications-and-mutilations>.

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Hashtags and its influence on politics and society

(Week 5)

In today's context, when social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, or Tumblr explode and grow to billions of users, the activities taking place on these platforms are always noticed. It's like a miniature human society, where they discuss, talk, exchange information or their own opinions about aspects of life, and of course, there is also having relevant information to politics, economy, and society. Besides comments or groups, social media users also have a great tool to express their opinions and make a profound political, economic and social impact through is "hashtag".

What is hashtag?

A hashtag is a word or phrase preceded by a pound sign (#), used on social media, especially Twitter, to identify digital content about a particular topic (Ta'amneh & Al-Ghazo 2021). Or from another perspective, hashtags are symbols indexes - yet instead of pointing to it are their own dual role in ongoing discourse (Rambukkana 2016). The hashtag content is very diverse and seems to cover all aspects of human life, and it almost speaks to people's thoughts. The hashtags are used on topics ranging from Ferguson, Missouri, to Australian politics, from online quilting communities to labor protests, from feminist outrage to drag pop culture, this collection follows the public with hashtags as they move beyond Twitter into other social media spaces like Facebook, Instagram, and Tumblr as well as other media spaces like television, print media and graffiti (Rambukkana 2016).

How are the hashtag being used and its impact on politics, culture, and society?

In recent years, one of the most exciting developments in digital activism has been the rise of hashtag activism, meaning fierce opposition in social media is unified through a hashtagged word, phrase, or sentence" (Ta'amneh & Al-Ghazo 2021). According to Beirut (2009) people use hashtags to share information and identify messages about a particular topic, such as people, rights abuse, environmental and natural issues, or economic and political conflict (Ta'amneh & Al-Ghazo 2021). For example, the hashtags about Britney Spear (#FreeBritney) helped strongly influence the decision of the state government and freed her from the control of her father. Or #metoo movement has stirred up the whole world when it has influenced society's thoughts and decisions on feminism, leading to countless organizations being born, gradually changing the way women think about women. "Goswami, M (2018) indicates that the hashtag movement has proved to be a stimulating factor due to get entangled in socio-political events. He also indicates that the hashtag activism has emerged as a knowledge tag in advocating for a cause, connecting the social media users to participate and voice for a campaign across platforms through a concisely designed message" (Ta'amneh & Al-Ghazo 2021).

References

Rambukkana, N 2016, Hashtag publics, Peter Lang, New York.

Ta'amneh, I & Al-Ghazo, A 2021, "The Importance of Using Hashtags on Raising Awareness about Social Issues", International Journal of Learning and Development, vol. 11, no. 4, p. 10, viewed 27 February, 2022, <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355857414_The_Importance_of_Using_Hashtags_on_Raising_Awareness_about_Social_Issues>.

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Is the dating game show in Vietnam gradually being distorted and becoming too sensitive?

(Week 4)

Content and programs related to pairing or dating appear increasingly on social networking sites, entertainment channels/apps, and even on television. These shows get so many views because romance is an exciting thing and people always spend a lot of time on them. In addition, the programs produced today have fully met the "hearing", "seeing" and "curiosity" tastes of the current target audience. More specifically, the producer has selected the female and male cast in terms of appearance to ensure the beauty criteria. Players also have to memorize sentences with bold language, catch trends to meet listening tastes. Or it must be ambiguous and sometimes create plot twists to attract the audience's curiosity about the show's ending. These programs have been very successful when attracting millions of views and shares. The program "Bạn muốn hẹn hò" (You want to date) also achieves 1 million views per episode and is the first dating program to achieve the YouTube gold button, earn huge profit numbers (Ban Muon hen ho 2022). Or "Người ấy là ai" (Who is that person) is currently becoming the hottest dating program on television. Only aired 6 episodes, but every episode of the third season also reached the top of the most searched on YouTube. Each episode reaches millions of views and thousands of comments.

Reality

More specifically, the fact that today's dating programs are being mass-produced, jostled to broadcast, and up to a dozen programs are competing with each other at the same time. It also brings many tricks to negatively affect audiences, players, and society.

The activities of creating scandals to capture views take place through two specific forms: words and actions. In terms of words, those are negative statements, evaluations, and judgments that players make when asked about a particular issue. For example, D.M in the show "Ghép đôi thần tốc" (Fast Pairing), when asked about the requests she made for her boyfriend, she answered, "I know how to cook but he has to cook for me" or "Boyfriends must know how to give money to invest in land and securities". Or the case of the guy N.V.L who asked the girl to be a virgin even though he was u40. In addition, the controversial statement of C.H in the show "Hành lí tình yêu" (Luggage of love) about Hue customs "I will divorce my wife if she doesn't give birth to a son" or "Hue men sit on the upper tray, women on the lower tray. ". These words have caused a certain uproar, affecting the audience's psychology, and importantly, the culture and society are also distorted by these words.

There were a lot of sensitive actions, with distorted thinking among the players that were broadcast. For example, in the show "Tỏ tình hoàn mỹ" (Perfect Confession), singer P.Đ.T.N kissed L.N. and then refused for a reason "the kiss has the taste of friendship" :))). Or the girl K.L let the guy N.T (who showed off he has 15 billion dongs) lean on her chest. Because they want to follow the request of the program "Where do you want to put your head when you're tired?". These actions are considered "acts that overwhelm sincerity", elaborately cut and edited. The public later discovered a couple of hot boy and hot girl who emerged thanks to their good looks and lovely love story from a dating program to be "fake love". After the program ended, they quickly broke up. It's a pure heart-to-heart dating show that's kind of a Reality show, but there's no "real" in it. Other programs such as "Lựa chọn của trái tim" (Choice of the Heart) or "Khúc hát se duyên" are also "exaggerated", cheesy with dating games such as choosing an item based on the criteria of beauty or vocals. In an episode of the show "Anh chàng độc thân" (Single guy), like the "royal palace battle" movie, 24 girls quarreled, fought, slandered, and harmed each other for the attention of a handsome man from a foreign country. The show is worth nothing but showing how cheaply women are in the dating wars. The intimate kisses and touching of the players who just met each other for the first time made viewers "blush". Even a girl who participated in the game was rejected by her family for her out-of-bounds behavior.

These shows have great appeal and make a lot of money, but is it worth the trade-off?

Despite bringing a lot of views and huge profits, producers need to be responsible for the programs they make. They require players to act ridiculous actions and words that cause loss of the inherent nature of the dating program. In addition, it will make viewers have a different view of the society, culture, and national identity of each region through listening to the "nonsense" sayings that players say. There are few successful dating players, but many rises to fame through notoriety. Players also have to suffer a great deal after the program, although there is a positive side that they will be more famous. But they have also sustained rumors and criticism after those actions. However, some players are willing to create scandal and create a stepping stone for popularity. Therefore, although the manufacturer requires, but do or not, it is up to the player. They are ready to do, then they must anticipate the results they will have to receive.

Producer Vu Thi Bich Lien said, "Not all tricks are offensive, even if used correctly, it also brings positive effects. Making a love show, a lifestyle or a reality show must be true, must have the right knowledge, so it becomes difficult to do, not easy to "joke". Therefore, it is required that producers need to be alert and avoid falling into the trap of sensitive matters that affect young people. Once you have chosen to do it, you must do it carefully, properly, self-control, and trim things that can be foreseen that will have a negative impact on society and the majority of public opinion, especially when broadcasting to a wide audience". (Cao Tung 2021)

References

Cao Tung, P 2021, Gameshow hẹn hò câu khách bằng chiêu trò quá lố, viewed 27 February, 2022, <https://thanhnien.vn/gameshow-hen-ho-cau-khach-bang-chieu-tro-qua-lo-post1117437.html>.

Ban Muon Hen Ho 2022, Ban Muon Hen Ho, viewed 27 February, 2022, <https://www.youtube.com/c/banmuonhenhomcv/about>.

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How does Tumblr function as a digital community?

Tumblr is an online social networking platform like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter. It is considered as a combination of Facebook and WordPress; Tumblr is a short blog model with fully integrated features such as allowing users to share videos, images, and links. Furthermore, users can build their own unique "private space" by creating their own blog (can choose any content they want) and freely choose the layout and themes. Tumblr also focuses on features like hashtags and gifs that make finding and sharing information more accessible. In addition, the number of users of this social network has reached a large number (over 472 million registered accounts in 2019) (Statista 2021), and this number has consistently grown enormously in recent years; it is enough to create a "community".

A community is a group of people with diverse characteristics linked by social relationships who share common views and engage in joint action in geographical locations or contexts (MacQueen et al. 2001). The definition of a digital community is also based on the basic theory of traditional communities. Its difference is that instead of meeting in real life, they meet through the "small screen" of a smartphone or laptop with an Internet connection. In addition, a digital community is within the framework of a public sphere. Each community turns the common space into its own community space; these spaces overlap and compete with each other, creating an extremely vivid whole in the public sphere (Sy Dung 2015).

Is Tumblr a digital community?

Like other social media platforms, Tumblr is considered a digital community. The reason is that Tumblr caters to providing an application programming interface. It provides access to an unprecedentedly large dataset of public communication interactions of their hundreds of millions of users- the so-called "big social data" (Manovich 2012) constitutes an in-depth and second-by-second trace of each user's activity (Bruns & Highfield 2016). That sounds quite academic, but in general, Tumblr opens up a safe, low-risk, accessible space for users (can block and unfollow when desired), open and non-discriminatory, making it easier to engage with the community find people who share the same mindset. For example, the anonymous feature on Tumblr helps users not be afraid to share mixed messages and opinions about sensitive issues in their society. Tumblr is a safe space where LGBTQIA+ people make friends on the Internet by sharing similar experiences and supporting each other as a community that makes them feel more accepted (Byron & Robards 2017).

Another aspect that helps us consider Tumblr as a digital community is "always-on". We- young people, are living in an always-on situation. It is not only about consuming and producing content but also creating an ecosystem in which people can connect peripherally to each other through various types of micro-data (Mandiberg 2012). Moreover, today's social media has helped us do that. Information on Tumblr is highly diverse, updated anytime, anywhere with ease. That information ties users together. For example, through a Tumblr post or hashtags, fans with the same idol can "find each other", share images of idols, update and exchange information.

In conclusion, with unique features that have helped Tumblr grow as a digital community - a place that is open, safe, and helps people connect, no one is left behind.

References

Byron, P & Robards, B 2017, There's something queer about Tumblr, viewed 26 April 2020, <https://theconversation.com/theres-something-queer-about-tumblr-73520>.

Bruns, A & Highfield, T 2016, Is Habermas on Twitter? Social media and the public sphere. Download Is Habermas on Twitter? Social media and the public sphere, In A Bruns, G Enli, E Skogerbø, AO Larsson, & Christensen, C (Eds.) The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics. Routledge, New York, pp. 56-73

Mandiberg, M 2012, The Social Media Reader, Participating in the always-on lifestyle, p.73, viewed 9 January, 2022, <https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/swin/detail.action?docID=865738>.

Statista 2021, Topic: Tumblr, viewed 9 January, 2022, <https://www.statista.com/topics/2463/tumblr/#:~:text=As%20of%20July%202019%2C%20the,adult%20content%20on%20its%20platform.>.

MacQueen, K, McLellan, E, Metzger, D, Kegeles, S, Strauss, R, Scotti, R, Blanchard, L & Trotter, R 2001, "What Is Community? An Evidence-Based Definition for Participatory Public Health", American Journal of Public Health, vol. 91, no. 12, pp. 1929-1938, viewed 25 January, 2022, <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1446907/>.

Sy Dung, P 2015, "Không gian cộng đồng – Khái niệm cần được nhìn nhận", Tap chi kien truc, viewed 25 January, 2022, <https://www.tapchikientruc.com.vn/chuyen-muc/khong-gian-cong-dong-khai-niem-can-duoc-nhin-nhan.html>.