The IP, or Internet Protocol, is the identification number of devices that connect to the internet, such as computers, smartphones, and wireless routers.
It’s a unique number assigned to each computer by an Internet Protocol Provider.
The address of the IP comes into play by assigning a unique number to your connection so that you can then identify your device on a network.
The IP address has the function of identifying a single connection on a network.
It’s as if it were a phone number or the address of a letter, the fundamental data for internet connections to be established.
That’s because an IP address doesn’t identify an individual machine, but an Internet Connection.
A gateway connected to networks has different IP addresses, one for each connection, for example.
To send information from one computer to another via the web, a data packet containing the IP addresses of both devices must be transferred over the network.
Without these addresses, computers wouldn’t be able to communicate and send data to each other.
So, all the websites and apps you visit or use, end up accessing this information, because without it the Internet could not work.
It works like this: your computer with IP “A” knows that the Google server is at IP “B”, and Google knows that it needs to return the search result back to IP “A”.
Google, for example, uses data acquired through the IP to deliver more targeted search results, deliver specific geographic information to you, create data centers, and products like Search and Maps.
What are the IPv4 and IPv6 protocols?
For information only, IPv4 is the fourth and most widespread version of the IP protocol. With addresses in the standard 32 bits.
It’s very old and has several problems – from essential security flaws to the exhaustion of its expansion capacity.
Within this protocol, there were a number of IP addresses that were not sufficient to serve the large number of new devices being used today.
Over time, technological development and the popularization of computers and other devices connected to the internet, this number of identifications was obviously insufficient.
That’s why today, all over the world, it’s already very difficult to get an address in this pattern.
This is the reason why the sixth revision of the Internet Protocol, IPv6, was created, which works similarly to IPv4, but with a big difference: it uses addresses in the 128-bit standard.
So it can support more than 340 duodecillion IP addresses.
This amount is necessary to meet the demand of new people using more than one device to stay connected to the internet.
What Does An IP Address Look Like?
It is easier to distinguish between IPv4 and IPv6 addresses since IPv4 is the first, and currently in use, while IPv6 – as we said before – is a new type of IP address that was developed to address the lack of IP addresses available to the growing population of Internet users.
IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4)
IPv4 addresses are made up of 4 numbers from 1 to 3 digits separated by periods.
Each number varies between 0 and 255 and is made up of 8 bits, forming a 32-bit IP address.
This type can also be identified as a Classless or Classful IP address, which can then be divided into different types of classes based on their functionality:
They look like the following: 186.192.21.66
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6)
Currently, systems have an integrated use of IPv6 addresses and are now used in conjunction with the original IPv4.
In comparison with IPv4, this version features a 128-bit address with 8 groups of numbers consisting of 4 digits, each containing 6 decimal places.
This was designed to allow the use of the probability of more than 3.4 x 10 ^ 28.
The addresses are expressed in hexadecimal format like this:
2001: 0db8: 85a3: 0000: 0000: 8a2e: 0370: 7334.
Besides that, internet addresses are best known by the names associated with IP addresses (for example, the name webbgo is associated with IP 51.145.12.81).
For this to be possible, it’s necessary to translate the names into IP addresses through a Domain Name System (DNS).
DNS servers are responsible for locating and translating the addresses of the websites we type into browsers into IP numbers.
You can think of DNS as a phone book for the world wide web.
When you type www.webbgo.in in your address bar, a DNS query is performed by your ISP to request the name servers associated with that domain.
That is, this allows you, when searching for an address on google, to be able to use webbgo.in instead of having to use 51.145.12.81, for example.
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