By Linda Geddes / Pictures by Emma Leslie
Are you a man or a woman? The chances are you have a strong feeling either way; probably one that’s been with you since infancy and corresponds to your genitalia. But not necessarily. Some people have always believed they were born into the wrong gender; in others, these feelings didn’t develop until later life. Some may opt to surgically change their body to match their gender identity; others may occasionally cross-dress; or do nothing at all.
Then there are people who feel neither masculine nor feminine, but somewhere in between. It takes all sorts to make a world, they say, and this is certainly true of gender.But where do these innate feelings of male and femaleness come from? And to what extent do they shape the person we will eventually become?Debate around the origins of male and female behaviour has been raging for decades.
In the 1970s, feminists hoping to create a more equal society dressed boys in dresses and encouraged little girls to play with trucks. Then, in the early ’90s, public interest shifted towards the apparent differences between the male and female brain – largely thanks to the international bestseller Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus. Today these debates continue, for example in the discussion around whether toy stores should segregate their wares into pink and blue stereotypes, but growing research into the biological underpinnings of trans-sexuality is also shedding new light on the matter.