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What is Brain Tumor? What are the symptoms of Brain Tumors?

Brain tumor grows in the brain's cells and can be noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant), and its characteristics vary substantially depending on where it is found. The influence on the central nervous system (CNS), as well as symptoms and growth pace, is determined by the tumor's location. Some common symptoms of brain tumors are Headaches, Blurred vision or double vision, Seizures, Behavioral changes, Clumsiness, Nausea and vomiting, and Weakness.

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What is Bariatric Surgery? How does bariatric surgery work?

Bariatric surgery is a surgical procedure of the digestive system to promote weight loss in people with severe obesity. Weight-loss surgery is recommended to severely obese patients (Body Mass Index [BMI] above 40), when other weight-reduction strategies, such as diet management, exercise, etc, have failed. It is also suggested in severely obese patients who have medical conditions like arthritic joint diseases that restrict physical activity. Bariatric surgery affects the anatomy and hormones of the stomach and digestive system to help people lose weight. These modifications minimize appetite, emotional eating, and improve satiety, resulting in a regularised food intake and fat burning. Physiological changes related to energy balance and fat metabolism occur throughout time, assisting in the achievement of stable, targeted body weight.

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Blood Clots and COVID-19:

COVID-19 has the potential of causing blood clots in certain patients. When a patient is infected with COVID-19, the virus destroys the arteries in any of the lungs, causing clotting (thrombosis) and maybe death. This virus can cause problems in both the venous and arterial systems, resulting in a negative outcome. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a clot in the vein that causes extreme pain, redness, and discoloration of the skin. It can migrate to the lungs and produce Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE), which is a leading cause of sudden death.

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Black Fungus

The Zygomycoses group of fungi, also known as Mucormycosis (Black Fungus) has been known to cause invasive illnesses. They can be found in large quantities in the environment and in the soil. COVID-19 individuals with uncontrolled diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis, as well as those who have taken high doses of intravenous or oral steroids for an extended length of time or who have had immunomodulators, are at a higher risk of developing the condition.

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Dengue:

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection that can be found in tropical and subtropical climates all over the world, primarily in urban and semi-urban regions. The virus that causes dengue fever is known as dengue virus (DENV). Dengue/severe dengue does not have a specific treatment. Early recognition of the disease development associated with severe dengue, as well as access to appropriate medical care, reduces the fatality rate of severe dengue.

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What is epilepsy? What are the symptoms of epilepsy?

Epilepsy is most commonly also know as “seizures” or “fits”. It is a medical condition arising due to abnormal activity of the brain cells. Epilepsy usually affects at extreme ages, i.e. either small children or the elderly. Many children get over this condition with age. The severity of convulsions or the fits usually depends on the location of abnormal current or the area of the brain affected.

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What is Cirrhosis?  What are the symptoms of Cirrhosis?

Cirrhosis is the advanced stage of liver disease in which healthy liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue and the liver is permanently damaged. Cirrhosis exhibits symptoms of fatigue, bleeding, skin itch, jaundice (yellow eyes), loss of appetite, swelling of legs, confusion, drowsiness, and spider-like blood vessels on the skin. Neglecting cirrhosis can lead to liver failure.

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What is Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction?

Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction is the most common problem of the foot and ankle. The main function of the Posterior Tibial is to hold up the arch and support the foot when walking. Dysfunction occurs when the posterior tibial tendon is inflamed, torn, or damaged.  The causes of Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction are Fall, Trauma, Overuse and Injury.

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What is Osteogenesis Imperfecta? What are the causes of Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

Osteogenesis imperfecta refers to a group of genetic disorders that affects the bones, make them weak, and lead to easy fracture. It is caused due to the presence of defective genes in the individual that affect how the body produces collagen. Positive family history may indicate why an individual has sudden formation of osteogenesis imperfecta.

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What is De Quervain Tendinitis?  What are its causes?

De Quervain tendinitis is a painful condition that affects the tendons on the side of the wrist at the base of the thumb. People with this condition are more likely to experience pain when they turn their wrist, grasp anything or make a fist. Although the exact cause of this condition is unknown, it is majorly observed in individuals who participate in activities such as gardening, playing golf, or other similar activities.

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What is Limb Length Discrepancy?

Limb length discrepancy (LLD) is a condition wherein the lengths of the arms or legs are different and are of noticeably unequal lengths. These may or may not affect the functioning of arms, and sometimes do need treatment.

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What is Corn? How is Corn diagnosed?

Corns are calluses that are formed on the toes which results when the bones push up against the shoe and exert pressure on the skin. Corns can be spotted easily. One doesn’t need any diagnostic tool to find corn on the leg. They may have a tender spot in the middle, which is surrounded by dead skin that’s yellow in color.

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What is Back Pain in Children? What are the complications of Back Pain in Children?

Back pain in children is a condition of physical discomfort to the child due to pain in the spine or back area. Even though this condition usually subsides on its own, mostly, but in some cases it may lead to certain complications such as persistent and severe pain or development of a curvature which will not allow the child to carry out daily activities like playing sports, etc.

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What is Hyperparathyroidism? What are the causes of Hyperparathyroidism?

Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which the parathyroid glands become excessively active resulting in increased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the blood. This leads to increased levels of calcium in the bloodstream, in a condition called hypercalcemia. This condition is caused due to factors that increase the production of PTH.

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What is Renal osteodystrophy? What are the causes of Renal osteodystrophy?

Renal osteodystrophy is a condition in which the bone morphology is altered in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease. It is a measure of the skeletal component of chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD). It occurs when the kidneys are unable to maintain adequate levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood.

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What is Burning Thigh Pain? What is the cause of Burning Thigh Pain?

Meralgia Paresthetica commonly known as burning thigh pain is a condition that is characterized by extreme pain, numbness and tingling sensations in the front as well as the outer part of the thigh. It is caused when the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is compressed and exerted, this nerve is responsible for supplying blood to the upper part of the legs.

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What is Endoscopy?

Endoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to view and operate on internal vessels or organs in the body. The doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope through an opening in the body (mouth, rectum, or an incision) and observes the targeted site for any abnormalities.