For patients with type 2 diabetes , if because obesity leads to the accumulation of visceral fat , harm is very clear : the more fat , the lower sensitivity to insulin, the body requires more insulin to make glucose concentration was maintained at normal levels ( the total daily insulin requirement for the normal 40 to 50 units, while obese patients with type 2 diabetes often exceeds 100 units ) . The islet burden, will eventually lead to pancreatic failure.
Therefore , weight control in type 2 diabetic patients is particularly important. If you are a type 2 diabetic patients , and they have more than the standard weight , this time how to do it ?
First, changing attitudes , attention hazards of obesity. Remember: weight loss of 5% to 10% can reduce visceral fat by 30% to 40% , thereby reducing the risk of atherosclerosis -related diseases. In addition , patients want to lose weight in the determination , we must also prepare yourself mentally : Weight loss is a need for perseverance, long-term adherence big project , not immediate or once and for all .
Second, choose a healthy lifestyle , correct eating too much and too little physical work habits . To do in everyday life :
1, the control diet
( 1 ) staple carbohydrates , vitamins, the main source of dietary fiber , including cereals , potatoes and so on. Day should eat 4-6 two ( partial body high, slim, physical activity may be too large to seven two patients ) .
( 2 ) meat, eggs are the main source of protein , fat, vitamins , including pork , lamb , chicken, fish, shrimp , eggs , milk and so on. Do not choose animal skin and internal organs . Daily one egg, half a catty milk, 3 two lean meat ( or 4 two fish, shrimp ) .
( 3 ) vegetables vitamins , inorganic salts, the main source of dietary fiber , including a variety with leaves , stems of vegetables such as cabbage, spinach , lettuce , rape , melon, celery, lettuce and so on. Less than 1 kg per day .
( 4 ) the fat is the primary source of fat , including olive oil , peanut oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil. No more than two and a half per day (about 2 tablespoons half ) .
( 5 ) soy protein plants , the main source of dietary fiber , including soy milk , tofu, bean curd and so on. Daily milk catty or tofu or bean curd 1 2 two two .
( 6 ) fruit vitamins , trace elements, the main source of dietary fiber , including oranges, apples, strawberries , peaches . Watermelons. 3 to 4 two , watermelon can be relaxed to nine two ( pending blood glucose and stabilize two weeks , two hours after a meal can be eaten ) .
( 7 ) Water is the body maintain normal physiological activity of the essential elements . Daily drinking soup or 1500 to 2000 ml of water .
( 8 ) nuts and dried fruits such as peanuts , sunflower seeds , pine nuts , cashews , walnuts , etc., containing mainly oil, not free to eat as a snack ( about 27 peanuts 15 grams , the equivalent of 10 grams of cooking oil , about 1 tablespoon ) .
( 9 ) to quit smoking , limit alcohol , and pay attention to prevent passive smoking poison .
( 10 ) arranged meals , cooking methods than three meals a day , time, and quantity . Cooking food should adopt steaming, boiling , stewing, mix , halogen such as oil less approach. Less fried, fried and other methods.
2 , adequate exercise
For most patients , the proper exercise is the most economical and safest lower blood sugar , weight loss methods . But if you encounter hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetic nephropathy , retinopathy, new onset of cerebral infarction , myocardial infarction, acute infection , etc. you need to do regular exercise under a doctor's guidance.
The best diabetics take part in jogging, brisk walking , swimming and other aerobic exercise. Exercise more effective control of body weight can have effective control of blood sugar can make blood sugar stable. For patients with severe complications select some gentle exercise methods, such as tai chi , indoor stretching exercise.
Exercise time : 1 hour after a meal should choose to start the movement , not fasting or exercise immediately after a meal to avoid hypoglycemia or affect the digestion and absorption of food. 30 to 60 minutes each movement . 3 to 5 times per week .
Exercise: should be gradual, the best choice for a brisk walk ( 60 to 80 m / min ) , jogging , cycling , stair climbing , swimming and other sports and non- competitive nature of certain intensity , the maximum safe heart rate during exercise is calculated : 170 - age. Rapid heart rate, easily lead to the heart, cerebral insufficiency , adverse consequences . Determine the suitability of exercise : sweating slightly , somewhat tired , rest relieve fatigue after 10 minutes , the next day energetic mood.
Safety Campaign : Wear loose clothing , footwear, with good water, candy , first aid card ( include full name, age , diagnosis , family contact phone , visiting hospitals , rescue measures in case of accidents ) . Full activity before exercise each joint . Avoid sprained joints. After finishing doing sports activities , promptly wiped sweat, to avoid the cold .
3, regular monitoring of blood glucose , blood lipids, blood pressure, weight , waist circumference, and strive comprehensive compliance
So as to mitigate a variety of acute and chronic complications of diabetes , reduce medical costs and improve quality of life. Conscious decision to act , behavior comes from habits, habits decide the fate . Dear she has , from now on you please start to care about and take care of themselves , while driving your family and friends around the pipe shut , stride leg , advancing toward a healthy new life .