Translating from a language to another if youâre writing a non-native English speaker might be kinda racist if your character does speak English very well. After a certain time learning English, most students tend to start thinking in English and can forget a word in their mother language but remember it in English.
Basic level English speakers (A1/A2 CEFR and Cambridge KET): Probably wonât talk to natives because theyâre ashamed of their accent or making mistakes in simple sentences. Depending if their native language has neutral gender pronouns, basic level English speakers may not understand âtheyâ is also a neutral gender pronoun. Think on their own language and translate it to English.
Intermediate level English speakers (B1 CEFR and Cambridge PET/B2 CEFR and Cambridge FCE): Not really afraid of talking to natives. Misunderstands idiomatic expressions, misspells words and makes mistakes in some verbal tenses or structures. If a verb has an âabstract conceptâ other than an ortodox one, they may not get it straight. Canât read a very complex text but can read a hard text (however, they may need to read the same paragraph more than once to be sure they get whatâs written). Sometimes think straight on English, but mostly translate from their own language.
Advanced level English speakers (C1 CEFR and Cambridge CAE): Starts to use slangs, abbreviations and feels more freedom when talking to natives. Misspells less, uses âharderâ structures, gets most âabstract conceptsâ and idioms. May need to search a translation for a word they donât know in English. Almost always think in English when talking it and sometimes does it even when talking their mother language. Can forget words in their native language.
Proficient level English speakers (C2 CEFR and Cambridge CPE): Can correct native speakers. Probably ate an English dictionary for breakfast. Speaks like either an actual valley girl or an university professor. May do their homework in English instead of their mother language (my brother does it a lot and his teachers get mad at him for it). Always think in English when talking it and frequently think in English when talking their native language. Can think in English and translate it to their native language (I have to explain to people in our native country that my brother means support as âto give encouragementâ and not âto hold something so it wonât fallâ). Their consciousness may âspeak to themâ in English (you know that voice inside your head who says HOE DONâT DO IT? it may talk to you in English other than your native language). Also, their accent usually is light, but you can be proficient and have a hard accent.
Also, if youâre not bilingual, remember: bilingual people donât change languages suddently, espeacially in the same sentence or conversation. You never say âHow are vosotros?â or âExcuse me, Âżcomo estĂĄs?â (Iâm not a Spanish native speaker, but most Americans think of Mexican people when it comes to bilingual people). If it was like that, a polyglot like me would say something like âIch ne gust pas of maçãs rossasâ instead of âI donât like red applesâ.
Also, a person may only talk a language with regionalistic caracteristics if they either learned it from certain people (if you listen to too many British songs, you may get a British accent) or lived in a certain place (if you live in Mississipi you may talk like a redneck). In the aspect of dialects, you canât get the dialect from Berlin if you live in Hamburg unless you usually talk more to people from Berlin than ones from Hamburg (example in German because dialects are more obvious in German than other languages I know).
Even if two languages are too similar like Portuguese and Spanish, it doesnât means Spanish native speakers will understand everything Portuguese speakers say and the other way around. Also, both Spanish and Portuguese have very different accents, idioms and vocabulary in different countries or parts of the country. A Spanish nickname for ConcepciĂłn is Concha, but in Argentina âconchaâ means âpussyâ. In Portugal, a âraparigaâ is a girl and in Brazil a rapariga is a whore. In Southern Brazil, âcacetinhoâ means bread but itâs âlittle dickâ in the rest of the country.