The Gendo & Rei Question: Part II
For the Intro and Part I, go here.
Part II: Wife Husbandry, or the Genetic Pygmalion
Where we last left Gendo, he was reeling from the shock and grief of losing the love of his life, and a week after her absorption into Unit-01 he submitted his proposal for the Human Instrumentality Project to the SEELE board members. His plan for the HIP from the beginning was clearly to use it to reunite with Yui, but he let SEELE believe that he was submitting the direction of the Project to them (though they did, of course, catch on).
So where does Rei come in, exactly?
To backtrack a bit, we learn through Fuyutsuki’s memories that Yui volunteered for the experiment that ended with her soul’s absorption into Unit-01 and her body’s dissolution into LCL. Did she know that is what would happen to her? She at the very least knew it was dangerous, surely, and she accepted those dangers. In End of Evangelion, a conversation between Yui and Fuyutsuki suggests that Yui was hoping the experiment could lead eventually to some sort of guaranteed immortality for humanity, or at the very least for one individual. However, I am not certain I buy the theory that Yui knew exactly what would happen all along. After all, this exact iteration of the experiment had probably never been attempted before.
Furthermore, Gendo was working on this experiment alongside her, and his reaction to her disappearance suggests that it came as a deep shock to him. He didn’t see this scenario coming. Nevertheless, his behaviour in the crucial scene shows that he still knew his wife was taking a risk. This only the second time (chronologically) that Gendo is shown doing his trademark “Gendo pose”. When viewed from the side (that is, Fuyutsuki’s vantage point) we see that his brow is furrowed and his jaw is clenched. He knows this is deeply dangerous, but he respects his wife enough to not only let her try it, but to let Shinji watch. That is not the behaviour of a man who knows something bad will happen, it is the behaviour of a man who is terrified that something bad will happen, but who is taking a risk anyway because he trusts Yui to know what she’s doing.
A side note: across flashbacks throughout the show we see Gendo over time taking on habits and costumes that further and further separate him from the world. He goes from wearing no glasses, to clear spectacles, to tinted spectacles that reflect the light. He goes from being clean-shaven to growing a beard. He dons the gloves. All these things are gradual layers that he dons as he gets older. The “Gendo pose” is part of this: his hands in front of his face shield his expressions, his very identity. On a more basic level, I think this is a habit that he does when he is either very deep in concentration or very anxious about something (or both). And of course, for the majority of the series, this is how we see him. It is his “hedgehog” position, to borrow the motif. He is curling up defensively when he does this, and by the final year of his life he is almost constantly in this shielded posture. It is a physical expression of his own personal AT field.
But back to Yui’s disappearance and Rei’s beginnings.
From other EoE lines from Fuyutsuki, it seems that part of the project of salvaging Yui’s DNA from her LCL was also the attempt to extract her soul from Unit-01. However, Yui’s soul refused extraction. There is no way to tell if this was a conscious refusal on her part or not, but Yui’s behaviour when she is Unit-01 suggests that her consciousness has reverted to something more primal within the Eva. Fuyutsuki frames her refusal to be extracted from the Eva as “the will to live,” suggesting that perhaps Yui, in this altered state, perceived the attempted extraction as death, resulting in this resistance to it. It is likely that this was attempted before Gendo’s week-long disappearance and his re-emergence with the proposal for the HIP. While it’s clear that the HIP was already a subject of discussion among the scientists (Fuyutsuki guesses at it immediately), it was likely only one potential direction for research up until Yui’s absorption by the Eva and her soul’s refusal to be salvaged. Having failed at the first method, Gendo is now prepared to do something even more extreme to get her back: become a god via Instrumentality.
When Yui disappeared, Unit-01 was still being grown from Lilith, and Lilith’s genetic materials were apparently also harvested to create Rei. Was Gendo (or perhaps Fuyutsuki) hoping that perhaps something of Yui was now merged with Lilith as a whole, and that by sampling Lilith’s material he could get a fraction of Yui’s spirit and personality back into Rei? Perhaps. In fact, he may have been right, since several moments in the show hint at Rei having some subconscious sense of “being” Yui. Regardless, it seems like most of what was actually put into Rei was Lilith’s soul, or at the very least a portion of it.
Although the first successful iteration of Rei Ayanami (Rei I) does not appear until 2010, I think it is safe to assume that the salvaging began immediately after Yui’s death in 2004, and that this quickly turned from a salvage project into a pure DNA-based cloning project once it was ascertained that Yui’s soul could not be recovered. This is noteworthy: despite knowing that it will never truly bring Yui back to him, Gendo pushes the cloning project forward for six years until it is successful, and then again for five additional years after Rei I’s death. Was it strictly necessary that Yui’s leftover human DNA be used to create a Lilith-human hybrid for the dummy plug project or the HIP? After all, Yui’s human DNA from her LCL was not, so far as we know, uniquely compatible with Lilith’s DNA. Surely there were other candidates for DNA selection.
Or is the choice to repeatedly use Yui’s DNA for these projects an outcome of Gendo’s repeated refusals to let go of his wife? Is her repeated physical resurrection via the Rei clones his means of keeping his beloved Yui alive and with him, at least in body if not in spirit? Personally, given Gendo’s other obsessive behaviours regarding Rei’s body (which I will delve into in later essays), I’m inclined to say that this is yet another manifestation of Gendo attempting to cope with his grief by keeping the things he can control firmly in his grasp—and this now includes his dead wife’s very DNA.
In Episode 23, Fuyutsuki describes Rei: “She was the product of my despair, and she remains the vessel of all your hopes.” This tells us three things: first, that it was Fuyutsuki (an esteemed biologist) who was (at least initially) tasked with the cloning process. Second, it shows where Fuyutsuki was emotionally when creating her. He was quietly grieving for Yui himself, but I would argue that he was probably also despairing because he knew that this would make things more difficult both for Gendo and for Rei herself. Despite his mixed feelings towards Gendo as a person, it is apparent that he did eventually come to care about Gendo as a person. No doubt Fuyutsuki, who is shown to be an observant and sensitive man, had (correctly) guessed that this cloning project was going to be deeply harmful for all parties involved. Finally, and most importantly, this line tells us that Rei was created specifically to serve Gendo’s needs from the very beginning. The obvious answer is that she was created for Gendo’s Instrumentality plans, but ultimately the use of the word “hopes” supports my theory that she was fundamentally created to meet Gendo’s emotional needs as well.
And so, in 2010, Rei I is perfected and introduced to the world as a four-year-old girl. Though the clone is not successful until then, she is “birthed” at what was approximately Shinji’s age when the cloning process began in ~2004. She is furthermore given the name that Gendo and Yui had intended on giving a possible daughter: Rei. This suggests that Gendo was, in his grief, attempting to create a new, ideal child who had never witnessed his traumatizing failures the way Shinji had.
And yet Rei I is not long for the world. After her murder in 2010, perhaps only days or even hours after she is introduced to the rest of NERV, a new phase of the cloning project begins. According to the official timeline, the next iteration of Rei Ayanami (Rei II) begins her public schooling in 2014, in the body of a thirteen-year-old. No doubt by this time Gendo had realised that the ace in his sleeve, being made directly from Lilith’s DNA and entirely under his control (and possibly even sharing a divided soul with Unit-00 at this point), would make the ideal First Child. Just as important, however, is how clearly this demonstrates the level of control Gendo truly does have over her. He does not only dictate her very existence, but he can forcibly age her as he pleases, skipping most of her childhood and thrusting her body directly into puberty.
This is, in fact, Build-a-Bitch.
One curious note here is a line from “Rei’s Poem” from Episode 14. She mentions “a woman who does not shed blood.” Is she referring to Yui, in whom she sits during her interchangeability test with Unit-01? Or is she perhaps euphemistically referring to herself? We know she bleeds when wounded, but given her age, does this mean she cannot menstruate, and therefore not bear children? If so, is this an accident of the cloning process, or was it intentional? If so, was this Gendo’s choice?
Or, perhaps, did Fuyutsuki (or maybe even Ritsuko) genetically nip that prospect in the bud out of fear of what could come from it?
This, of course, is all speculation, but there are few possibilities here that paint Gendo’s intentions (or others’ suspicions about Gendo’s intentions) in a very good light. Even at the most benign, it again shows a deeply invasive command over even the most personal aspect of an adolescent girl’s body.
Furthermore, Gendo’s use of solely Yui’s DNA (mixed with Lilith’s, but not with his own) means that in fact he is just cloning his wife rather than actually creating a unique child of them both in the same way Shinji is. This again speaks to his considerable self-hatred: given the throwaway lines about Shinji’s similarity to Gendo, we can assume that these are some of the very traits he demonstrably cannot stand to see in Shinji. No doubt Gendo probably thinks that putting more of his own DNA out into the world would only make things worse, creating yet another “unlovable” child. So for his “new” child he uses just the DNA that he can find lovable—Yui’s—and yet simultaneously ensures that Rei can never be “fully” an individual in the way others are. In his effort to recreate perfection (or at least what he perceives to be perfection) he, ironically, only further objectifies his wife’s DNA—and the girl who now carries it.
Over. And over. And over.
Even if she is made of Yui’s DNA, Rei is not Yui: she is a creation. As a result, Gendo cultivates a disturbing level of ownership over her every atom of her physical being even as he uses her as an emotional refuge and indulgence for his guilt, grief, and hope.
To be continued in Part III: The Gaze of the Prodigal Son
Like my meta? Buy me a coffee!