Borrowing Brain Space Since 1992 ^_^

Just a blog for my Korean studies (aka, my incomprehensible babblings)

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Using Verbs and Particle에

Translate to Korean:

1.] I go to the hospital. __________________________________________________________ 2.] I come to the hospital. ___________________________________________________________

3.] I want to go to school. ____________________________________________________________

4.] I want to hang out. _____________________________________________________________

Translate to English:

5.] 저는게임을합니다. ________________________________________________________________

6.] 저는박물관에갑니다. ________________________________________________________________

7.] 저는바닷가에갑니다. __________________________________________________________________

8.] 저는치즈도먹고싶습니다. _________________________________________________________________

Feel free to print/share/etc. If you want the answers to these to double check let me know. I can type those up too! ^_^

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Chapter 5: Verbs The “니다”  Verb Form

Chapter 5: Verbs

The “니다”  Verb Form:   Verb Stem + ㅂ 니다/ 습니다 *used for conjugating a verb in present tense

Present Tense: I watch a movie. Present tense means that the sentence is happening in the present. Different from past tense, I watched a movie. Or future tense, I will watch a movie tomorrow.

*To make it easier to learn, they will be taught first in their standard un-conjugated form *But have to remember you can NEVER use a verb in a sentence w/o conjugating it first!! O_O *Korean verbs will conjugate differently depending on how they are used

**To conjugate a verb to the present tense, take the VERB STEM and attach ㅂ 니다  if is ends in a vowel, 습니다 if it ends in a consonant.

Examples: * 가다—갑니다   * 하다---합니다     *먹다---먹습니다  *  받다---받습니다

**VERBS that end in “ㄹ”  are an exception. For verbs in present tense w/this form, remove the “ㄹ” and after that you get the verb stem. Examples:  * 놀다---놀—노—놉니다                  *벌다—벌—법니다

Examples w/sentences: *저는 갑니다= I go *저는옵니다=  I come *저는치즈를먹습니다= I eat chese *저는게임합니다=I play games

~(~)~Break point ~:> ~(~)~

The Particle “에”

*this particle has a few different meaning depending on how it is used

=> It can mean “to” as in, I go to school. (going to somewhere) => it can also mean “at” (located at somewhere) => can also mean “In” (located in somewhere) (For now we will focus on using it as “to”)

*저는병 원 에 갑니다.  = I go to the hospital *저는영화관에갑니다. =  I go to the movie theater. *Reading the convo: 철수= 저는집에갑니다.= Chul Soo= I go home.

*It literally translates as I go home. *Speaking Korean as such is perfectly normal/fine but to make a more “natural” and efficient translation feel free to add “ing” in English ~저는집에갑니다= I am going home.

*`*`* Reading the convo: 영희: 저는공부합니다.= I am going to study.

*a NEW verb- 공부(를)하다.  This verb is a combo of  공부which means “Study” and is a NOUN, with the VERB  하다(to do)v==Together it literally means “to do study”

**many of Korean verbs are a combo of a NOUN+ the VERB 하다(to do)

Read the convo:  철수: 저는놉니다= I play. *the verb놀다 can translate as either “to play” or “to hang out”

*b/c although it means “to play” it is the standard word you would use when meeting w/a friend to do something. It’s normal in Korean to keep using this Verb into adulthood. *also, in the above sentence you can translate it as, “I am playing”

~*~ This is intro to verbs T_T I will go type up the work sheet that goes with this chapter = ] Happy studying! :D

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*Using 씨*

Chapter 5: Verbs pt 1. Conversation: (try to read on your own) (~(~(^_^)~)~) 철수: 영희씨, 안녕하세요. 영희:안녕하세요. 저는학교에갑니다. 철수: 저는집에갑니다. 영희: 저는공부합니다. 철수: 저는놉니다.

~*~*~*~

**Using 씨:

--In Korean “씨” takes the place of Mr/Mrs/Miss.        *씨 is placed after a person’s name.        *If you don’t know their 1st name, it is fine to simply place 씨 after their      last(family) name

Examples: 김 씨=Mr/Mrs/Miss Kim       박 씨= Mr/Mrs/Miss Park

*More common to just use w/1st names.   Example:  영희 씨 =Yung-Hee ssi      철수 씨= Chul-Soo ssi  

*It is a bit formal/impersonal but can use with full name too **In Korea, calling someone by their 1st name(w/o 씨) is only acceptable in casual situations w/close friends. It would be IMPOLITE other times. This is different than in other countries (especially the US) where it is viewed as being friendly.

!! Also, in Korean, always put the name before hello!  Example:  철수씨, 안녕... !! Aso, 씨 is never used for you own name

~*~*~ Okay so I cut this off of the rest of the notes because I feel like it will be confusing with the lesson from this chapter.^_^

[borrowedbrainspace]

oooh, another word for cellphone that i hear a lot : 휴대폰

Oh thank you! ^_^ I will add it to the next Vocab list! Thanks for sharing! ^_^ <3

I will try to add that vocab list up here before Sunday >__<

[borrowedbrainspace]

ahh snow

Sorry for not posting any notes recently. >.< I live on the east coast and was swamped with snow yesterday. I spent all day shoveling yesterday and have to work through till Sunday morning. I will try to post some more tonight and/or definitely by Sunday night! I have been working on making some practice sheets. I sometimes have the most trouble remembering how to use so many Verb Stems+ etc....So I thought I would compile them ^_^ See you guys soon!  Hope the studying is going well ^_^

[borrowedbrainspace]

Wanting/Not Wanting/Particles

Wantingand Not Wanting: 철수: 저는아르바이트를원합니다. 영희: 저는아르바이트를원합니다. 철수: 하지만일을원하지않습니다.돈만원합니다. 영희: 저도일하고싶지않습니다.게임하고싶습니다. 철수: 저도 게임하고싶습니다. 하지만돈초벌고습니다.

**There are two ways to say “Want.” =>depends on if you are using a noun or a verb 1.] 자는한드폰을원합니다.= I want a cellphone

2.] 저는한드폰을받고싶습니다.=I want to get a cell phone.

**The differences in the two sentences is that the 1st one only uses a noun-the cellphone

**the 2nd sentence uses a verb- “to get”

*!* Want = Noun+ (을/를) 원합니다

*!*Don’t want = Noun + (을/를) 원하지않습니다

    *When you want to express you want something, take the Noun, attach the object marker- then add 원합니다

*저는음식을원합니다.=  I want food.

**저 (I or Me) 는(Topic Marker)음식 (Food) 을(Object Marker) 원합니다 (want) * 저 는연필을원합니다.=  I want a pencil.    **저(I or Me) 는(Topic Marker)연필(Pencil) 을(Object Marker) 원합니다(want)

*For opposite(Don’t want)- expressed by using 원하지않습니다. *저는야채를원하지않습니다.= I don’t want vegetables.   **저(I or Me) 는 (Topic Marker)야채(vegetables) 를(object marker) 원하지않습니다(Don’t want)

*저는돈을원하지않습니다. 사랑을원합니다.= I don’t want money. I want love. *저 (I or Me) 는(Topic Marker) 돈( Money) 을(Object Marker)원하지않습니다.(I don’t want). ((dropped the “I” because we’re still talking about “I”)) 사랑(love) 을(Object Marker) 원합니다 (want)

*~*~*

“Want to” and “Don’t want to”

*Want to=  Verb Stem + 고싶습니다 *Don’t want to= Verb Stem + 고싶지않습니다. *when you want to express that you want to “DO an action” take the VERB STEM and attach 고, then add 싶습니다

Ehhhh, what is this Verb Stem?? O_O

*Getting the Verb Stem is easy! ^_^

*Just take a verb and remove the 다 at the end, and that is it, you have the Verb Stem =)               *^*^*^ verb stems are used EVERYWHERE in Korean. So it’s good to remember this :D Examples:  * 하다= 하                         *벌다= 벌                              *먹다= 먹

 So, back to Want to and Not Wanting To now that we know the Verb Stem:

*저는과일을먹고싶습니다.= I want to eat fruits. *저=(I) 는=(Topic Marker) 과일=(fruits) 을=(object marker) 먹=(verb stem of to eat)  고싶습니다=( want to) *저는돈을벌고싶습니다.= I want to earn money. *저=(I) 는=(Topic marker) 돈=(Money) 을=(Money) 벌=(verb stem of to earn) 고싶습니다.= (want to)

*I don’t want to is: VERB STEM + 고싶지않습니다. *저는야채를먹고싶지않습니다.= I don’t want to eat vegetables. * 저는죽고싶지않습니다.= I don’t want to die. * 저는웃고싶지않습니다.= I don’t want to laugh*.

--In 웃다 can mean either “laugh” or “smile” It can be translated for whichever fits the moment better.

Advanced Notes: This form (*Want to=  Verb Stem + 고싶습니다) can only be used for “I” or “You” and cannot be used to mean “he or she” *In Korean you can’t talk about the desires of another person directly. *Although you can say “I want to go” or “you want to go” in Korean it is NOT acceptable to say “he wants to go” or “She wants to go” w/this same form. *SO remember, this form *Want to=  Verb Stem + 고싶습니다 is only for when talking about yourself or someone you’re directly speaking to.

*&*Remember= If expressing you want to do something use, Verb Stem + 고싶습니다, but if you want to express that you just WANT something, use, Noun+ (을/를) 원합니다

*~*~* Please Give Me: * Noun + (을/를) 주세요. *Say what you want, followed by the Object Marker, then add주세요.

Examples:     *돈을주세요= Please give me money.     *힌트를주세요= Please give me a hint.      *책을주세요= Please give me a book.

**Culture Notes: 5% of Korean words are influenced from foreign languages, specifically English ^^

**Reading the Conversation:

철수: 저는아르바이트를원합니다.= I want a part time job. 영희: 저도아르바이트원합니다.=I want a part time job too.

==>Here in this convo we have 저(I or Me) followed by 도. Together, 저도 means “I also, or Me too”

The Last Part of this Post will be on two particles.

The Particle도 *도 takes the place of 는 in the above sentence *saying 저는도 would be incorrect. When using the particle도, it replaces whatever particle was there before (if there was one) *도 is placed directly after a word *도 means=> Also, Even, Too *저도김치를좋아합니다.= I also like kimchi. *저는김치도좋아합니다.=I like kimchi too.

*Notice how the meaning changes by placing도in a different spot. *도 emphasizes also, even, or too, “ONLY” for the NOUN or PRONOUN it directly follows

*저도시동치를원합니다.= I also want a car. *저는자동치도원합니다.= I want a car too.

**Because도 in this sentence is placed after car it means, “I want a car, in addition to whatever else I may want.” And NOT I also want a car like you do. *the word car can be simply shortened to 차 but know that 차 also means tea. It should only be shortened when the meaning is clear from the context.

The Particle 만

*만 works grammatically similar to도, in that it comes after a noun. It replaces whatever particle was there(if there was one) EXCEPT for the Object Marker, which you may replace if you want to. *저만좋아합니다.= Only I like tuna. *저는참치만원합니다.= I only like tuna. *^*Here w/o만 the sentence would be 저는참치를원합니다. *b/c it would normally use an Object Marker you could have also written it like this저는참치만원합니다. =I only eat tuna. **to keep it simple, feel free to remove whatever particle was there before every time and you will be just fine

영희: 저도일하고싶지않습니다. 게임하고싶습니다.    = I also don’t want work. I want to play games. 철수: 저도 게임하고싶습니다. 하지만돈도벌고싶습니다.    = I also want to play games. But I want to earn money too.

~*~*~*~*~ Until next time friends!

*Hope this was helpful. Once again please let me know if I have made any mistakes/typos, I am not the best with typing in Korean yet. I will type the Vocab for this note collection tomorrow ^^ If you have any questions feel free to Ask me on here or hit me up on Kakao, NonEdibleHuman

Also, quick side note: I stopped doing breaking down every sentence, hopefully by now they should be easier to read? If they are still too confusing let me know. I will go back through and break the sentences down more simpler. ^_^ Fighting! :o]

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Hi. ;v; Thanks for these notes, it's nice review for me. But I noticed in the first (and only) set I've read so far (likes and dislikes) there are a few typos. The ones I remember were music (음악, where you put 음안) and more (더 when you wrote 다 "all/everything"). Cx

Hello! Ahhh! thank you! I really appreciate it! I am sometimes really dyslexic with typing in Korean! I will go fix that. Thank you <3 Good luck studying! ( I will try to type better in the future XD ^_^

[borrowedbrainspace]

Practice Sheet for I like/dislike/love

This part will be forI like, I dislike, and I love.

Practice below. Addyour own noun and circle the correct object marker with each sentence.

1.)     저 는_______________을 / 를  좋아합니다.

2.)     저는_______________을 / 를  사랑합니다.

3.)     저는_______________을 / 를  싫어합니다.

4.)     저 는______________ 을 / 를  좋아합니다.

5.)     저는_______________을 / 를  사랑합니다.

6.)     저는_______________을 / 를  싫어합니다.

Translate to English:

7.)     안녕하세요. 저는 하나 입니다. 음안을좋아합니다. 댄스를싫어합니다. ________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________

Translate to Korean:

I love sports. I like baseball. I love American football. I dislike swimming.

__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

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Practice Sheet- Basic Convo

Practice sheets! =] I thought I would make some practice sheets for you all. Feel free to use them whenever you see them pop up. ^_^

This will be going over:        ** Hello! I am____. Nice to meet you!

Complete the Conversation:

1.)     ________________________________!   = “Hello!”

2.)     ____________ ! 저는_______________________ 입니다 . =  Hello! I am Chul-Soo.

 3.)     저 는________________입니다. 만나서______________________.=  I am Yung-hee. Nice to meet you.

 4.)     네, __________________________. = Yes, nice to meet you!

 5.)     안녕히_________________________________. =Goodbye! (to someone leaving)

 6.)     안녕히_________________________________.= Goodbye! (to someone staying)

 Translate to English:

7.)     안녕하세요. 저는철수입니다. 만나서반갑습니다. 안녕히거세요. __________________________________________________________________________________.

Translate to Korean:

8.)     Hello! Nice to meet you! I am________(yourname)________!  Goodbye! (you are leaving)

_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________.

[borrowedbrainspace]

Vocab List for the first two Notes

List of Vocabs for the first two Note posts:

1.)  한근= Hangul

2.)  한국=Korea

3.)  저= I or Me

4.)  당신= You

5.)  네= Yes

6.)  아니요= No

7.)  개=dog

8.)  용= dragon

9.)  미국얀= An American

10.)       안녕하세요.= hello!

11.)       한국인= A Korean

12.)       삶= Life

13.)       딸= Daughter

14.)       삥= bread

15.)       쌀=(uncooked) rice

16.)       꼭= Surely/Certainly

17.)       뿔=Horns

18.)       똥= Poop

19.)       만씀= words

20.)       꿀= Honey

21.)       코=nose

22.)       털= Hair/Fur (not on head)

23.)       핸드폰= Cellphone (literally handphone)

24.)       검= Sword

25.)       껌= gum

26.)       춤= a dance

27.)       컴퓨터= computer

28.)       덕= moral

29.)       떡=rice cake

30.)       턱= chin

31.)       베다= to cut (into)

32.)       뻬다= to remove

33.)       패다= to beat, to bash

34.)       자다= to sleep

35.)       짜다=to be salty

36.)       차다= to kick

37.)       의사= doctor

38.)       희망= hope

39.)       과일=fruit

40.)       원= Won (Korean currency)

41.)       귀= ear

42.)       왜= why?

43.)       열쇠= key

44.)       웰빙= healthy(literally wellbeing)

45.)       안녕하세요.=hello! phrase

46.)       안녕히가세요.= Bye! phrase (Go in peace!)

47.)       안녕히계네요.= Bye! phrase (Stay in peace!)

48.)       저는___입니다.= I am___. (phrase)

49.)       (만나서)반갑늡니다. = Nice to meet you! (Phrase)

50.)       차음븹겠습니다.= Nice to meet you! (phrase*) *this one is the uncommon one ^^

51.)       네= yes

52.)       아니요= no

53.)       저= Me or I

54.)       입니다= Am, Is, Are, Equals

55.)       좋아합니다.= to like

56.)       사랑합니다.= to love

57.)       싫어합니다= to dislike

58.)       을/를= Object markers.

59.)       스포츠= sports

60.)       야구= baseball

61.)       미신축구= American football

62.)       농구= basketball

63.)       배구= volleyball

64.)       테니스= tennis

65.)       탁구= table tennis/ping pong

66.)       퍄구= dodgeball

67.)       하키= hockey

68.)       수영= swimming

69.)       골피=golf

70.)       등난= mountain climbing/hiking

71.)       음안= music

72.)       시= poetry

73.)       댄스= dance

74.)       역사= history

75.)       음식= food

76.)       고양이= cat

77.)       개= dog

78.)       원숭이=monkey

79.)       벌레= bug/insect

80.)       거미= spider

81.)       책= book

82.)       작가= author

83.)       사전= dictionary

84.)       전자사전= electronic dictionary

85.)       영회= movie

86.)       김치= kimchi

87.)       삼겹살=  Pork belly

88.)       더= more

89.)       덜= less

 These are vocabs for the first two notes I posted. Some of it is repeated a little. But it never hurts to rehash over some stuff! ^_^ I will post a page of practice sentences if you would like to try to use them? If you are really confused feel free to ask me. I am so sorry, I forgot to enable the Ask box on this tumblr at first. But feel free to ask. If I don’t know I will find out for you :D I like to learn and help people learn with me ^_^

Also, please let me know if you notice any typos. It can happen sometimes. I try to quadruple check but it sometimes slips by me  >.<

[borrowedbrainspace]

Likes and Dislikes: Adverbs, Pronouns, and Particles %_%

Likesand Dislikes:

a.] 저는스포츠를좋아합니다. b.] 저는음안을좋아합니다. 스포츠를싫어합니다. a.]저는스포츠를좋아합니다. ** “Ilike” comes after sports—whatyou like comes before like

What is that 을& 를?

*This is called an Object Marker! = it’s purpose is to point out “Hey!! There is an object before me!”

**An object is what receives the action of a verb. Example: I eat food. =the object of the verb eat is food.

**An object marker is placed directly after the object and NEVER before.

**use 를 when it comes after a vowel **use을 when it comes after a consonant

Vowel example: 스포츠를- sports ends in a vowel so is followed by 를 Consonant example: 음익을- music ends in a consonant so is followed by 을

*Okay with me so far? ^^ It actually isn’t hard. It becomes almost second nature when you practice. :)

B.) 저는음안을좋아합니다. 스포츠를싫어합니다. =I like music. I dislike sports.

^_^ Don’t worry, I will go into more detail, I know it’s confusing at first! But don’t worry it’s not too bad!

Pronouns:

*In Korean there is usually NO pronoun. As long as the pronouns can be easily guessed from the sentence, you don’t need to include it. Pronouns in Korean are only used when necessary.

[[(My own side note. Personally until you get really comfortable writing, I would always use the pronouns. Because if you get confused while writing, and lose your spot, it can really be confusing. I personally still use 저는at the beginning of my personal sentences still just to help keep my mind organized. It’s totally up to you. I have just found that it helps keep things easier when writing in paragraphs^_^))]]

*In addition, once it is already clear who you are talking about, there isn’t a need to repeat using저는 in every sentence. (once again, I personally use it when I write because it helps keep me organized, and really since you know you can drop it, it doesn’t hurt to keep writing it. But again, personal preference :D)

Examples: 저는수영을좋아합니다.축구를싫어합니다.                  * ^*I like swimming. I dislike football.

^^ In this sentence above it’s not necessary to reuse the 저는 in the second sentence since it is already clear who is being talked about

**댄스를싫어합니다.= I dislike dance. *not necessary to use 저는 b/c unless it would be vague who dislikes it for some reason? it is obvious **저는수영을좋아합니다.= I like swimming.            - for this sentence perhaps someone else was talking of their opinion before and now you are adding your own thoughts.

**Culture Notes: Most Korean names are only 3 syllables. One syllable for family name(last name) and two syllables for the first name.

Example: 김철수.—김 is the last name.  철수is the first name ^_^

Continuing Likes and Dislikes:

철수:  저는고양이를좋아합니다. 영희:  저는고양이를싫어합니다.개를좋아합니다. 철수:  저는김치를좋아합니다. 영희: 저는삼겹살을다좋아합니다.

(*)

I like Cats: 저는고양이를좋아합니다

Korean Sentence Structure:

**ALWAYS Subject, Object, Verb

*So, 저(I or Me) + Topic Marker (는), to talk about me => 고양이 means cat. Followed by Object Marker (를 because ends in a vowel) **영희:  저는고양이를싫어합니다.개를좋아합니다. = I dislike cats. I like dogs. *I like dogs, it doesn't start with 저는 because we are still referring to “Me” from the first sentence. (once again, it is optional. It would be weird when you start talking to use it over and over again, but I find it only can help you when writing it.) (!!!) whenever the topic is clear, feel free to omit the pronoun ^^

철수:  저는김치를좋아합니다. -  I like Kimchi.     *저-“I or me” 는-Topic Marker   김치-Kimchi  를-ObjectMarker bc ends with a vowel.  좋아합니다.- to like (in present tense*) 영희: 저는삼겹살을다좋아합니다.- I like pork belly more. *저 (I or me) 는(topic marker)삼겹살(pork belly) 을(object marker) 더(more)좋아합니다(to like)

Adverbs in Korean: ** in Korean, Adverbs are MOST often placed directly before a verb.

-- 저는티파니를사랑합니다. =I love Tiffany. [[*저(I or me)는(Topic Marker)티파니(Tiffany)를(Object Marker)사랑합니다.(to love* in present tense)]]

-- 저는제시카를더사랑합니다.= I love Jessica more. [[*저(I or me)는(topic marker)제시카(Jessica)를(Object Marker) 더(More) 사랑합니다(to love) ]]

-- 더 is an adverb that means “More”  --덜 means “Less”

Advanced Notes: Although using adverbs after a verb can sometimes be acceptable in casual conversations it isn’t the Norm. For better sounding and clearer Korean, only use before verbs.

Plurals In Korean: ** 저는고양이를좋아합니다.= I like cats.

*buuut wait? We just said that this sentence means, I like cats, but where is the plural? *고양이 means cat, but translations is cats? *In Korean using plurals is optional **only necessary to use plurals when you have to emphasize something “is” plural

*so고양이 can be “cat” or “cats” depending on whichever best translates at that moment.

If you would need to use plurals: Noun + 들 ==고양이==> 고양이들 ==원숭이==> 원숭이들

**저는원숭이들을좋아합니다. *-*You wouldn’t say this because it’s obvious you already mean monkeys

 Articles in Korean:

*In English we use so many articles (ㅠ_ㅠ) such as “A,””An,” and “the” to indicate several things

==> such as quantity(‘A car’ can mean one car) ==> or to be specific about a certain thing (the car can refer to a car already referred to previously)

***Korean has NO such thing ^_^

(*Woooohooo*  [its all a trick to lure us into learning Korean though, and then BAM it's like uh what is this mindbogglingness later haha >.<  haha <3]]) * Korean will use #s to indicate quantity and how to be specific about using this or that ((I will add more notes on that.....  More on that later though ^_^)

 Okay! That is all for Likes and Dislikes! I will type up the Vocab lists now that go with this set of notes! 

Thanks for reading friends. I hope this helps you too!

Feel free to let me know if you notice any typos/mistakes/or have any questions. ^_^ I am still rough at typing Korean so I sometimes do make mistakes! ^_^

 As a side note I just thought I would add: I started learning with the 니다 form of verbs. A lot of people like to learn with 요 first because it is more commonly used. However a lot of resources I read emphasized that it was better to learn 니다 first to give the best comprehension and pronunciation for speaking in Korean. ^_^ It might all be personal opinions but I really feel like when I started focusing on this form, Korean suddenly clicked much faster and easier for me :D

edited thanks to Anon<3 If I missed any more please let me know :) Please do remember to double check your vocab just in case :D

[soylentgreenme]

[borrowedbrainspace]

Okay so^^ I felt bad for not posting a typed version for the alphabet so I decided to post the pictures instead of it. It’s all color coordinated. 

Dark Green=Consonants Light green= Vowels Red= Diphthongs (yes I know I spelled it wrong in my notes. I try to shorthand as much as I can :D) If you can’t read my handwriting….I tried >.<

I didn't feel like uploading all of these pictures again today so I just reblogged it from the other blog ^_^

[borrowedbrainspace]

I took some pictures of my notes in case it made more sense like this. 

(ah my handwriting is so bad haha sorry >.<)

[borrowedbrainspace]

Basic Convos in Korean

BasicConversations:

A.] 안녕하세요. B.] 안녕하세요. A.] 안녕히가세요. B.]안녕히계세요.

1.) Hello! –안녕하세요.            *Means “Hello!” and can be said to anyone            *Is an appropriate reply to someone of all age

2.) Good-bye! (to a person leaving)- 안녕히가세요.            *means goodbye to a person leaving= literally means “Go in peace”

3.) Good-bye! (to a person staying)-인녕히계세요.            *means goodbye to a person staying- literally means “Stay in peace.”

Culture Notes: **Korean’s will bow when saying안녕하세요 and greeting others **but what Korean fan doesn’t know this? ^^ 

Conversation 2:

Culture Notes: 철수 and 영희are textbook names, like John and Mary. 철수: 안녕하세요. 영희: 안녕하세요. 철수: 저는철수입니다. 영희:저는영희얍니다. 철수: 만나서반갑습니다. 영희: 네,반갑습니다.

1.] 철수: 안녕하세요.-Hello!            *철수: 저는철수얍니다. = I am Chul-Soo.            *저는 followed by a name, 철수, and then 입니다.

BUT-What is 저는? ((Lol idk either! =X Jk read on my friend.=/x))

**저는 means “Me” or “I” **the 는that comes after it is called a Topic Marker! IT HAS A NAME-It LIVESS. It basically means-- “HEY this thing in front of me. Um yeah, this is what we are going to talk about now!”

*so that means- 저는=We’re going to be talking about me now ^_^

But wait, there was that other thing….입니다? **입니다 means “am” or “is” or “are”= as in “I am” or “He/She is” or “You are”= since we used 저는-it means “I am” --Also can think of 입니다 as “equals to” *저는철수입니다.= I am Chul-Soo. (Easy right? ^^)

(저= “ I ”   는= Topic Marker     철수= Chul-Soo   입니다=am/is/equals too.)

*****In English even a verb as simple as “to be” can have several ways to say it depending on the subject.=I am, you are, he/she is, they are….KOREAN HAS NO SUCH THING(THANKfully >.< its hard enough…ahh jk I mean it’s so easy! :D)   *입니다 can be used in all these cases ^+^

*Attach 입니다 directly after a noun (here after a name) *입니다  will only appear at the end of a sentence *Due to sound changes, 입니다 sounds like 임니다.

2.) 영희: 저는영희입니다.= I am Yung-Hee. 3.) 철수: 만나서 반갑늡니다.= It’s nice to meet you! 4.)영희: 네, 반갑늡니다.= Yes! It’s nice to meet you!

Nice to meet you! **영희 replies with ‘yes’ (네) followed by 반갑습니다. *even though she didn’t use 만나서 her reply is still “Nice to meet you” *b/c 만나서 is optional in this phrase, it’s fine to use it or fine to not use it

**There is also another way to say Nice to meet you= 자음뵙겠습니다. It’s the most standard and formal way to say it. Less common though.

(!) And that is all for now folks :X I am le tired of my bad handwriting hahaha. I hope these are eventually helpful. I am finding it helpful to go over it all again as I type it up. Sometimes I forget things hahaha. (All the time more like O_O)

Feel free to message me or hit me up on Kakao. I am usually always lurking around on kakao to be honest….its NonEdibleHuman ^^

[borrowedbrainspace]

Basic Sound Changes

Hey^^ I didn’t know where to start. And Iwasn’t sure if I even wanted to start here….but I am going to lol because I feel like it’s the easiest part for me:D

Intro into Sound Changes:

*Bottom consonants are simply the consonants on the bottom of a syllable

           *Examples: 강= ㅇ     삶=ㄻ *Korean has a special word for these bottom consonants: 받침-literally means support **Knowing what a syllables받침is will help you w/knowing how to pronounce it in a sentence.

**Most rules for sound changes only apply when syllables are combined together w/others in a sentence (like individual words in “Nice to meet you” becomes “Nice t’meechu”

**But sometimes even on their own we need sound change rules to pronounce certain syllables, specifically w/bottom consonants

                       Example: 낮 =word for “Day”                          ----but how to pronounce it?

*--* You can’t pronounce it like “나즈”b/c that would be adding an additional vowel&there is no vowel at the end.

*its받침is simply ㅈ which has NO sound w/o a vowel

Rules for Sound Changes:

1.)  ㅅ,ㅆ,ㅈ, ㅊ, ㄷ,ㅌ,ㅎ

*this rule applies to syllables ending in any of the consonants above. *whenever a syllable’s받침 is one of these consonants&the syllable is at the end of a word or phrase(or on its own) it’ll be pronounced as if it were a “ㄷ” Examples:    Spelling /  Pronunciations:                        낮          /            낟                        갖          /           갇                                    있          /           읻                       히웋       /           히욷    

*often find a T at the end of words imported into Korean from other languages, especially English.   Example: 인터넷 (internet) {{when writing English words that in “T” remember to use “ㅅ” to represent the final sound, not ㄷ(which is the sound)}} [lol not confusing at all right >_<]

 Advanced notes for more learned folk: ㅉ and ㄸ are absent from the rule because there are no syllables in Korean that end with those letters at the bottom ^_^

2.)  ㄱ, ㄲ, ㅋ

**any of these three consonants above are simply pronounced as ㄱ at the end of  a syllable Spelling   / Pronunciation:      박        /      박   부엌   /      부 억   묶      /     묵 *Advanced: Syllables that end in ㅋ are quite rare. (although부잌 is a common word) while syllables ending in ㄱare more common ^_^

 3.)  ㅂ, ㅍ

*both of the consonants are pronounced as ㅂat the ending of a syllable Spelling  / Pronunciation:        갑     /   갑      잎    /  입       숲  /    숩 **ㅃis absent from this list because there aren’t any syllables ending like this ^_^  

 4.)  ㅁ,ㄴ,ㅇ,ㄹ

**these are all pronounced like their normal sounds at the end of a syllable. (which basically means there is no sound change for these) Spelling&Pronunciation are the same:            움 /  움            멍 / 멍            말 / 말              

**Remember that 받침 will still flow through consonant ㅇ:

 Spelling / Pronunciation:

낮 / 낟   낫이 / 나시 믿어 / 미더 낯 / 낟

 *&*&*&* I hope this was helpful^_^ I will post some pictures of my hand written notes if anyone wants to look over those too with it. I am still learning too^_^ so please let me know if I made any mistakes. I am learning from a textbook, online resources, and apps. (and friends^_^) so feel free to share and share alike. This is just intro into sound changes, to help with beginners. I haven’t even memorized the full sound change rules yet. :)