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[languagestudymaterials]

～ている vs. ～る in reported speech

～ている vs. plain past in reported speech — why 言ってた carries more weight than 言った. Example from Jujutsu Kaisen.

そういや 今夜 学校であれのお札 剥がすって言ってた → Oh right, they mentioned something about peeling off that seal tonight at school.

そういや = come to think of it; oh right (casual contraction of そういえば)

今夜 (こんや) = tonight

お札 (おふだ) = talisman; seal; charm

剥がす (はがす) = to peel off; to remove

言ってた = 言っていた (contracted) — past of 言っている

More on ている vs. る: here.

言ってた vs. 言った — what's the difference?

Both are past tense. Both refer to something someone said earlier. But they frame that information differently.

言った treats the act of speaking as a completed past event — someone said something, that's it. It's neutral and factual, focused on the moment of utterance.

言ってた (言っていた) treats the content of what was said as still relevant and active — the information is being carried into the present moment. The speaker isn't just reporting a past event; they're saying "this thing that was said still matters right now."

In this scene, Itadori isn't quoting his friends for the sake of accuracy. He's flagging information that is relevant to what's happening tonight. The ている is what signals that — the content of those words has arrived here, into this conversation, and it matters.

言ってた → the information is still live; it applies now 言った → the act of saying happened; neutral report

If Megumi had asked "what exactly did they say, word for word?" — then 言った would be the natural choice. But Itadori isn't being asked anything. He's volunteering information because it's relevant. That's 言ってた territory.

[epivanosilon]

reading demon slayer: chapter 58 grammar notes

title: おはよう || good morning

official english title: good morning

～てある – a grammatical construction that implies something being presently observed was done intentionally by someone else at a previous time. according to both the bunpro and tofugu articles for this construction, ～てある can only be used with transitive verbs. if you would like a more in-depth explanation of the nuances this construction can have, please see the above linked articles.

～てある is used in this chapter after tanjirou smells the train ticket he was given and realizes it has the faint scent of a demon. he thinks to himself that when the ticket was punched, they were put to sleep, and that it was a demon’s work. the exact line is 「鬼の細工がしてあるんだ」. here, ～てある tells us that tanjirou believes the demon made their tickets ahead of time on purpose.

[mochayoubi]

im back to studying more actively! here's the words i learned today (all from ポケモン不思議のダンジョン：空の探検隊)

極悪（ごくあく）: heinous; very evil 施設（しせつ）: facility; institution 行動（こうどう）: action ツボ : pot まめに : frequently 行き止まり（いきどまり）: dead end 財宝（ざいほう）: treasure 新米（しんまい）: novice; rookie 保安官（ほあんかん）: protector of the law 歯車（はぐるま）: gear 鍾乳洞（しょうにゅうどう）: limestone cave

[daily-hyosatsu]

A very cute piece of art! It shows a stack of several round daruma dolls with bushy hair. The top one is painted in red and all the ones below are black.

The text on the right says 七転八起, read しちてんはっき. This is a common expression, and it can also be written 七転び八起き, read ななころびやおき.

七 means 7. It's read なな, なな.つ, なの, or シチ.

八 means 8. It's read や, や.つ, やっ.つ, よう, ハチ, or ハツ.

転 means to revolve, turn, change, or fall. Its most common readings are ころ (e.g.ころ.がる, ころ.げる,ころ.がす, or ころ.ぶ) and テン. It can also be read まろ.ぶ, うたた, うつ.る, or くる.めく.

起 means to rouse, wake, or get up. It's read お (e.g. お.きる, お.こる, お.こす), おこ.す, た.つ, or キ.

As you can guess, the literal meaning of the expression is "fall seven times, get up eight." It means never giving up, or keeping at something until you succeed. It can also refer to the ups and downs of life.

(For fun, replace the last character with 倒, meaning collapse, to get 七転八倒 [しちてんばっとう], meaning to writhe about in agony.)

Finally, the text on the left says 達磨之図 or だるまのず, which means a drawing of a daruma.

[daily-hyosatsu]

@raindayhaze oh cool! Japanese doesn't have this expression, but J⇔C dictionaries list it as 乱七八糟, or "disordered + 7 + 8 + sake lees." I'd love to know what the origin is!

[daily-hyosatsu]

Today, a super rare name with one super useful kanji! 以勢 is read Ise, and it's not to be confused with the Ise Grand Shrine in Mie, whose Ise is written 伊勢. There are only about 20 people in the country called 以勢, compared to 13,600 with the name 伊勢.

以 can be read も.って or イ. It means because, by means of, in view of, or compared with. Which is kinda nebulous so it’s best to remember it with vocab like the following:

以下　【いか】 　the following; less than ~, ~ or fewer 以上　【いじょう】　 the aforementioned; not less than ~, ~ or more; that's all, the end, end of document 以内　【いない】 　within, inside of, less than 以外　【いがい】 　outside (scope), excluding, other than 以前　【いぜん】 　before, prior to, ago, the past, previously 以後　【いご】 　after this, from now on, thereafter, since then 以来　【いらい】　since ~, henceforth 以降　【いこう】　since ~, from ~ onward, on and after ~

Also, 以 is the source of the hiragana い. The katakana イ comes from 伊, as we covered yesterday.

勢 means forces, energy, or military strength. It's read いきお.い, はずみ, セイ, or ゼイ.

[japanesepod101]

Good learning habits in Japanese! 🗝 P.S. Learn Japanese with the best FREE online resources, just click here https://www.japanesepod101.com/learn-with-pdf?src=tumblr_infographic_habits_041323

[japanesepod101]

#Months in #Japanese! 📆☀️ PS: Learn Japanese with the best FREE online resources, just click here: https://www.japanesepod101.com/learn-with-pdf?src=tumblr_infographic_months_041823

[onigiriforears]

Recommendation: Apps for Japanese Learning

Over the years, I've downloaded and tester many apps. Though my favorite app was discontinued (I miss you, mindsnacks Japanese), there are still others that I don't think I'll be removing from my phone any time soon. In light of duolingo's horrible update causing a large migration and search for other apps, I thought I'd share some of my favorites. Also, some of these apps have websites or discords for you to interact with other users or to ask support questions.

For those who cannot use/don't like the graphics, the written out version is below the break.

Lingo Legend

RPG-based language learning game that I was a beta tester for. It also offers Spanish, French, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin Chinese, German, Italian, and Portuguese. Uses spaced repetition.

Offers beginners, intermediate, and advanced levels.

User can jump between lessons and difficulty levels.

Available on ios and android

Manabi Reader

Caters to all JLPT levels and offers reading options on an array of topics (including news, games, reddit). Can hilight words and look up in-app. User can also paste a link within the app to read.

Companion app available (Manabi Flashcards).

Available on ios

TODAI: EASY Japanese News

Aggregates news from various sources.

Offers practice JLPT exams in-app.

Offers grammar resources and in-app dictionary that can generate flashcards from words saved in notes.

Offers audio listening, as well as videos with transcriptions.

Available on ios and android. Also has a website.

Shirabe Jisho

Offline dictionary app.

User can favorite words, make lists, take notes, make flashcards, etc.

User can search for words in kana, romaji, drawing, or through radical (or radical building).

Available on ios

Renshuu

Think quizlet, but solely for Japanese. You can create your own lists, use others, play shiritori, earn prizes and interact on forums.

You can study grammar, kanji, vocab, flashcards, learn and submit mnemonics. You can also friend people.

Available on ios and android. Also has a website (of which I am an avid user).

Connect with me: Ko-fi Shop & Tips | Discord | Studygram | Ask Box

↳ psst! my ko-fi shop has learning resources on it. try to check back for new things bc im always working on something to add in there

[howdoyoulanguage]

大草原不可避 : Keyboard smashing in Japanese

I explained how keyboard smashing in English expresses laughing really hard and she taught me the Japanese equivalent in return!!

As some of you might know, in Japanese, “w”  from the word “to laugh” 笑う 「わらう」 is basically like “lol” in Japanese so when there’s a bunch of “w”’s together it looks like this wwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwww 

and it looks like a bunch of grass so one slang word to show something is funny is 草 「くさ」 which is the word/kanji for grass so you don’t have to type out a bunch of w’s.

So the step up from 草 is 大草原　「だいそうげん」 which means prairie since there’s a lot more grass.

And if something leaves you laughing so much that you can’t hold it back you could say 大草原不可避　「だいそうげんふかひ」 which basically means “inevitable prairie”. 

The “inevitable part”, 不可避　「ふかひ」 in this phrase means laughter is inevitable and you can’t help but laugh.

[howdoyoulanguage]

Verb stem + やすい / Verb stem + にくい

verb stem + やすい：easy to do~ 

verb stem + にくい：hard/difficult to do~

change を to は or が

とうふははしで食べにくいです。 Tofu is easy to eat with chopsticks. このシャツはとても着やすいです。 This shirt is very easy to wear. あの大学はあまり入りやすくないです。 That college is not that easy to get into. これは話しにくい問題です。 This is a hard problem to talk about. 先生の発音はとても聞きやすいです。 The teacher’s pronunciation is easy to understand.

[nihongonoto]

levels of certainty

just going to randomly list down some stuff that I've come across because I always forget what they mean:

きっと　－ surely, undoubtedly, 一定

ずっと　ー　all the time, 每时每刻，一直

ぜひ　ー please, certainly, 请，务必

絶対　（ぜったい）　ー absolutely, 绝对地

ずいぶん　ー extremely, 很，及，相当

かなり　ー quite, rather, 相当，很

かならず　ー always, without exception, necessarily, 总是，一定，肯定

ほとんど　ー largely, mostly, almost, basically, scarcely, barely, 大部分，几乎所有/ 几乎都不

たいてい　ー almost, mostly, usually, probably, 几乎，大概，通常

確か　（たしか）　ー sure, certain, if i'm not mistaken, 当然，应该是

ほぼ　－ almost, approximately, 几乎

ほど － about, extent, approximately, 大概，大约

なかなか　ー considerably, fairly, 相当

割合　（わりあい）ー relatively, comparatively, contrary to expectations，比较

結構　（けっこう）ー rather, quite, fairly, 相当

大分　（だいぶ）ー considerably, greatly, a lot, 很多

[eilidhstudies]

Hello!!

I started reading texts from satori reader and it’s making reading a lot more fun and less overwhelming for me! I am copying the texts to my notebook not because it’s an efficient way of studying, but because I wanted to

[afeelgoodblog]

The Penguin Relationship Board

[palebluepixel]

A polycule too advanced for human minds

[todayintokyo]

But wait! There’s more! The latest update:

https://www.kyoto-aquarium.com/sokanzu/

[goodplan-ipromise]