Hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n+2
Hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n and containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond
A measure of the proportion of the reactant atoms that become part of the desired product in a balanced chemical reaction
A substance that increases the rate of a reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. The catalyst is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction
Molecules with the same molecular formula, but with different structural formula
The same molecular formula, but a different arrangement of carbon atoms in the chain
The same molecular formula, but the functional group in a different position
Functional Group Isomerism
The same molecular formula, but the atoms are arranged differently to form different functional groups
Burning a Hydrocarbon completely in Oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O only
A Covalent bond formed when one atom provides both of the shared electrons
Also called Co-Ordinate bonding
Breaking Long-chain Alkanes into smaller Hydrocarbons
A mixture consisting mainly of Alkane Hydrocarbons that can be separated into different fractions
A type if alkane which has one or more carbon rings
An electron that is not attached to a specific atom
The ability to attract the bonding electrons in a covalent bond
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
The energy needed to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of gaseous atoms to create one mole of gaseous ions
a method of separating crude oil fractions by boiling point
An algebraic formula that can describe any member of a family of compounds
A structure consisting of a huge network of covalently bonded atoms. they're sometimes called macro-molecular structures
Giant Ionic Lattice Structure
A regular repeated structure made up of ions
Giant metallic Lattice Structure
A regular structure consisting of closely packed positive metal ions in a sea of delocalised electrons
A column in the periodic table
A negative ion of a halogen
a alkane with at least one halogen atom in place of a hydrogen atom
a bunch of organic compounds that have the same general formula and similar chemical properties
A molecule of just hydrogen and carbon
The strongest inter-molecular force. it occurs when polarized covalent bonds cause hydrogen atoms ti form e=weak bonds with lone pairs of electrons on the Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine atoms of other molecules
Burning a Hydrocarbon in a poor supply of oxygen to produce carbon monoxide, water and sometimes carbon
The Forces between molecules e.g Van Der Waals, Permanent Dipole Dipole, Hydrogen Bonding
A chraged particle formed when one or more electrons are lost or gained from a atom or molecule
Electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
The removal of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule, resulting in a ion forming
An Atom with the same number of protons as another atom but a different number of neutrons
The amount of each isotope present in a sample
A pair of electrons in an atom that is not shared
A structure consisting of a huge network of covalently bonded atoms. Theyre also called giant covalent structures
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
A chart produced by a mass spectrometer giving information on relative isotopic mass and relative abundance of isotopes
The ratio of the moles of each reactant and product in a balanced chemical equation
One mole is roughly 6*10^23 particles
A way of representing molecules that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
A comparison between the amount of product that should for during a reaction and the amount that actually forms
Permanent dipole-dipole forces
Inter-molecular forces that exist because the difference in electronegativities in a polar bond causes weak electrostatic forces of attraction between molecules
A covalent bond where a difference in electronegativity has caused a shift in electron density in the bond
The mass of the atom divided by one twelfth of the mass of one carbon 12 atom
Symbols placed after the chemicals in an equation to tell you what state of matter each one is in
A way of representing molecules that shows the atoms carbon by carbon with the attached hydrogen and functional groups
A Sub-division of an energy level (shell). Sub-shells may be s,p,d or f subshells
The mass of product that should be formed in a chemical reaction
The weakest intermolecular force caused by temporary dipoles, which causes all atoms and molecules to be attracted to each other
The amount of substance you get from a reaction
