do u have any tips/ ideas on soil remediation in an urban environment? im hoping to maybe grow some chestnut trees but the area im looking at is known for having soil so toxic anything grown in it is basically inedible. do u think that would be an issue if im growing nut trees that people can eat from? thank u!
In fact, most of the ideas I have on any given day are probably about soil remediation! So these two links are to university extension websites that talk a little bit about how heavy metals work in garden soils and how you can reduce your risks.
What do we know about heavy metals in soil? What do we know about lead exposure through soil and garden plants? What do we know about cadmiu
In situations where heavy metals like lead and arsenic may be high in the soil, selecting certain vegetables to grow can lower the risk of h
The short version is, plants mainly seem to absorb and hold heavy metals in stem, leaf, and root tissues. Fruiting/flowering tissues tend to have almost none, for some complex biochemical reasons. This is why tomatoes (for example) are usually safe to grow even in contaminated soils, so long as they’re washed well prior to consumption. Most fruit and nut trees should be safe to eat well-cleaned produce from, even if they’re growing in contaminated soils. Please do have any produce grown in contaminated soils tested prior to consuming them!
There are some other things you can do to ameliorate your soils. Please do remember that certain toxic compounds and heavy metals can be spread by inhaling dust from contaminated soils, so please limit tillage and consider wearing dust masks and gloves when digging or planting.
According to the article “Conocarpus biochar as a soil amendment for reducing heavy metals availability and uptake by maize plants” by Mohammad I. Al-Wabel et al., biochar can act to immobilize heavy metals in the soil as well as improving plant health and yield, and decreasing plant uptake of those heavy metals. They added up to 5% of the soil weight in biochar across a whole field, but you could probably concentrate it around your plants.
Mulching and increasing SOM
In “Effects of rapeseed residue on lead and cadmium availability and uptake by rice plants in heavy metal contaminated paddy soil” Yong Sik Ok et al. Found that the application of rapeseed (aka canola) residues as a green manure/mulch decreased the availability of lead and cadmium in the soil by significant margins.
It seems that generally, the same techniques that improve soil structure and increase the microbial communities living in it are effective at immobilizing heavy metals and converting them into forms that are less dangerous to animal life. Please do continue to have your soils and produce grown in them tested, however—this is not a magic bullet, but a long road to healthier soil.
I hate to say it, but depending on where you are in the world, you might have some other issues. Chestnuts aren’t doing...great, right now. Chestnut blight remains a very serious issue in europe and the united states. If you’re writing from east/southeast asia, you should probably be fine though (chestnut blight is native to that area and most trees have resistances to it afaik)
Chestnut blight is a fungal pathogen. It causes lesions under the bark and grows along the cambium layer of a tree, where the majority of a tree’s circulatory system is found. Over time, it can gradually ‘girdle’ a tree, and prevent the transport of water, dissolved nutrients, and sugars. As you might expect, this kills the tree.
In europe there are some ‘hypovirulent’ strains of fungus that you can use—they kind of mix in with the more virulent/dangerous strain of chestnut blight fungus and ‘water it down’, making it less likely to kill a tree. Lesions may still form, but usually they’re smaller and the tree can callous over them. Because of some truly bizarre genetics (good job, fungi) this trick doesn’t work in the united states.
Hybrid chestnut trees may have more resistance to blight, and I’ve heard some people saying that there are engineered viruses that hyperparasitize the blight fungus, but that’s all I know on the matter. Good luck friend, may you enjoy many delicious cadmium-free chestnuts!