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The Applications of Polycarbonate Sheet

       As an extremely strong, durable, transparent material, polycarbonate is often used in places where security is indispensable. So, in such places, the easily broken or cracked glass would not be the perfect match. PC sheet is often used for vending machines for this reason because the window must be clear, but also strong enough to resist breaking and entering. Accordingly, the construction industry is regarded as the second largest consumer of polycarbonates. Polycarbonate sheet is often used for domelights, flat or curved glazing, and sound walls.

       Polycarbonate sheets are similar to sheets of plexiglass. They are as clear as glass but 250 times stronger. Also, they’re 30 times stronger than acrylic sheet plastic. These sheets have many different uses, including skylights, store fronts, covered walkways and displays. The main use of polycarbonate sheets is for installation on a roof.

       Other uses for polycarbonate include greenhouse enclosures, automobile headlights, outdoor fixtures, and medical industry applications, though the list is virtually endless. Somewhat less toxic than polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to produce, polycarbonate nevertheless requires toxic chemicals in its production phase. It is, however, recyclable and environmentally preferable to PVC in applications for which either material can be used.

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What is Flexible Metal Conduit?

          The metal conduits can be used in a wide scope of applications including lamps, communications, air conditioning systems, and fire alarm systems. The items can provide safety to work space and construction facilities with vibration-proof and anti-interference. Flexible conduit can also solve the problems found within wiring and pipeline constructions.

       A flexible metal conduit is a variety of piping used to hold electrical wires and similar cabling. This style of conduit is common in areas where the strength of metal is required, but the conduit still needs flexibility. This kind of flexible conduit bends to accommodate their environment, but does not permanently take on any specific shape. Depending on its overall design and purpose, the flexible metal conduit may be waterproof, or it may have gaps.

       The most common places to see any form of flexible metal conduit include public structures and manufacturing locations. Private homes and businesses are less likely to use metallic conduits, and when they do, it is typically inside a wall. Public areas, particularly those made primarily of steel and concrete, use flexible metal conduits to protect interior systems and prevent unintentional damage or vandalism. Manufacturing areas use these systems to accommodate machinery movement and maintenance.

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Decking screws - the Useful Screws for Outdoor Use

       The decking screws are one type of screws designed for outdoor use. The most important characteristic of deck screws is their resistance to corrosion. They are typically zinc plated (galvanized), stainless steel, high copper content, and ceramic-coated. They have very sharp, narrow points that reduce the necessity of drilling pilot holes. Deck screws, similar to drywall screw, except that it has improved corrosion resistance and is generally supplied in a larger gauge. Most deck screws have a type-17 (auger type) thread cutting tip for installation into decking materials.

       Like other screws, decking screws come in a wide variety of lengths and widths, called shanks. They also use different shapes of driver, the part on the screw head that allows a screwdriver to dig in to the wood and rotate. A popular head shape is a square, because it holds the driver and doesn't strip as easily as Phillips heads.

       Recently, composite decks made out of specially developed materials or pressure-treated wood have become popular. Since these deck planks are not standard lumber, special deck screws had to be designed to work with this material. Regular, self-countersinking screws caused the plank to "mushroom," meaning that the material pulls up in a hump around the screw head. Make sure to use the screws that the composite deck manufacturers recommend to avoid such issues.

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To Know More About Superheated Steam Boiler

       Most boilers produce steam to be used at saturation temperature; that is, saturated steam. Superheated steam boiler vaporizes the water and then further heats the steam in a superheater. This provides steam at much higher temperature, but can decrease the overall thermal efficiency of the steam generating plant because the higher steam temperature requires a higher flue gas exhaust temperature. There are several ways to circumvent this problem, typically by providing an economizer that heats the feed water, a combustion air heater in the hot flue gas exhaust path, or both.

       Superheated steam presents unique safety concerns because, if any system component fails and allows steam to escape, the high pressure and temperature can cause serious, instantaneous harm to anyone in its path. Since the escaping steam will initially be completely superheated vapor, detection can be difficult, although the intense heat and sound from such a leak clearly indicates its presence.

       There are advantages to superheated steam that may, and often will, increase overall efficiency of both steam generation and its utilization: gains in input temperature to a turbine should outweigh any cost in additional steam boiler complication and expense. There may also be practical limitations in using wet steam, as entrained condensation droplets will damage turbine blades.

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How to Save You Car Repair Cost By Testing the Automotive Wiring on Your Own?

       Have you recognized that all car performance is controlled by the automotive cable underneath the hood? The electricity comes from these wires, you may not see them, but they can regulate lights, heating and cooling functions. They can even indicate that something might not be working normally or the fluid is under the average level as the early warning system. As a result, if you can know how to test your car’s automotive wire, you may save money on costly automotive repair.

       Firstly, you need to prepare the following devices: test light with probe, wiring schematics for your car, and the self-powered test light. Then, start to establish a plan in action. You have to find out where the problem is and what the effects are.

       Below is the instruction from e-How. Find more on: How to Test Automotive Wiring | eHow.com

Insert the key into the ignition and turn it. (Don't engage the engine.)

Locate the connection point of the device you want to test. The connection point is where the wiring from the car connects to the device.

Touch the ground, which is the black probe from the test light, to a piece of grounded metal in the car. You can use the chassis of the car frame or any other convenient grounded piece near your testing area.

Place the tip of the red, positive probe to the connection point on the device. If the light comes on, the wires are making a complete circuit and the problem lies in the device. If not, continue to test the wiring further.

Refer to your wiring schematic and find the path of the wiring you are testing. Follow the entire path of the wire from ground to power.

Grip the ground end of the wire with the ground clip on the self-powered light. Touch the positive end to each section of the wire at a time.

Check if the test light illuminates upon contact with the circuit wire. If the light goes on, the open portion of the circuit is at the power end. If there is no light, the problem is at the ground end.

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The Applications and Operation of Synchronous Motor

       Single phase synchronous motor is available in small sizes for applications requiring precise timing such as time keeping, (clocks) and tape players. Though battery powered quartz regulated clocks are widely available, the AC line operated variety has better long term accuracy - over a period of months. This is due to power plant operators purposely maintaining the long term accuracy of the frequency of the AC distribution system. If it falls behind by a few cycles, they will make up the lost cycles of AC so that clocks lose no time.

       Synchronous motor is available in sub-fractional self-excited sizes to high-horsepower direct-current excited industrial sizes. In the fractional horsepower range, most synchronous motors are used where precise constant speed is required. In high-horsepower industrial sizes, the synchronous motor provides two important functions. First, it is a highly efficient means of converting ac energy to work. Second, it can operate at leading or unity power factor and thereby provide power-factor correction.

       The operation of a synchronous motor is simple to imagine. The 'Stator' winding, when excited by a poly-phase (usually 3-phase) supply, creates a rotating magnetic field inside the motor. The rotor winding, which acts as a permanent magnet, simply locks in with the rotating magnetic field and rotates along with it. During operation, as the rotor locks in with the rotating magnetic field, the motor is said to be in synchronization.

       Once the motor is in operation, the speed of the motor is dependent only on the supply frequency. When the motor load is increased beyond the breakdown load, the motor falls out of synchronization i.e., the applied load is large enough to pull out the field winding from following the rotating magnetic field. The motor immediately stalls after it falls out of synchronization.

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To Know More About 3D Laser Engraving

       The engraving form known as 3D laser engraving is a special type of engraving that involves either engraving on a three-dimensional surface on more than one edge at a time, or creating a 3D image with different levels of depth. Laser engraving, which uses a laser instead of a cutting bit, is better at this 3D process, because it can easily dig into the surface without a bit accidentally getting in the way or hitting previous engraving marks. The image to be used with 3D laser engraving is typically taken from a grayscale image, and the operator must know how to calibrate the grayscale to achieve the right depth and effect. There also are special laser engravers that are able to engrave beneath the surface of glass or crystal to create 3D images inside the material.

       The simplest version of 3D laser engraving is when more than one side of a 3D object is engraved into at the same time. For example, if someone wants a cube engraved, it will take less time to engrave several sides at once than to do each side individually. This type of engraving equipment uses two or more lasers simultaneously, and the user must have all the sides loaded into the program correctly or the engraving will come out wrong.

       Laser engraver varies widely in capabilities and the types of surfaces the machine can best engrave upon. X-Y table laser engravers work only on a two-dimensional surface. Others are capable of engraving on cylindrical objects or irregularly-shaped objects through the use of mirrors that direct the laser to the focus point. Sub-surface laser engravers are capable of focusing a laser below a transparent surface to produce a three-dimensional image that appears suspended within a crystal or glass object.

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The History and Evaluation of XLR Connector

       The XLR connector was invented by James H. Cannon, founder of Cannon Electric in Los Angeles, California (now part of ITT Corporation), and for this reason it was sometimes colloquially known as a Cannon plug or Cannon connector and in Japan as Cannon jack, though this term has since fallen out of common usage in the industry. Originally manufactured as the Cannon X series, subsequent versions added a latch (Cannon XL) and then surrounded the female contacts with a resilient polychloroprene, which resulted in the part number prefix XLR. There was also an XLP series which used a hard plastic insulation, but was otherwise the same. ITT Cannon originally manufactured XLR connectors in two locations Kanagawa, Japan and Melbourne, Australia. The Australian operation was sold to Alcatel Components in 1992 and then acquired by Amphenol in 1998. ITT Cannon continue to manufacture XLR connectors in Japan.

       The Switchcraft Corporation later started manufacturing compatible connectors, followed by Neutrik. Neutrik made a number of improvements to the connector and their second-generation design (known as the X-series) had just four parts for the cable connector and eliminated the small screws used by both Cannon and Switchcraft, which were prone to working loose, falling out, and becoming lost. These improvements made Neutrik the most popular brand of XLR connector.

       Unbranded XLRs are also made by far-east manufacturers. Originally these were copies of the Cannon or Switchcraft designs, but in recent years the Neutrik designs have also been copied.

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How to Avoid Infections From Cosmetic Makeup

       Cosmetic has become more and more popular. Anyone can get some cosmetics from certain cosmetic manufacturers. However, while cosmetic prevails nowadays, it seems that few people notice the importance of keeping your cosmetics clean and away from germs and bacteria. That’s what the cosmetic manufacturers don’t teach you.

       The following is the excerpt of the news entitled “How to avoid infections from cosmetic makeup” from ABC7, KABC-TV. If you want to know the complete news, please click the link on the bottom of this article.

How to avoid infections from cosmetic makeup

LOS ANGELES (KABC) -- Do you remember how long you've had your foundation or the last time you washed your brushes? If you don't take care of your makeup and how it's applied, experts say, it's quite common to get eye infections, rashes and breakouts.

Makeup is supposed to enhance your beauty, but with every brush stroke you could be placing something potentially ugly on your face.

Dermatologist Dr. Shirley Chi says the first mistake many women make is leaving their beauty tools exposed in the bathroom.

The eyes are the easiest place for bacteria to get in.

While sharpening and alcohol works well for pencils and brushes, some companies make disinfectant wipes and sprays. Chi says beware of using them directly on powders and shadows.

Dry products like eye shadow, blush and powder are not necessarily breeding grounds for bacteria, but you have to be careful about any liquids.

Disposable applicators can help, but experts say you should throw out foundation, mascara, liquid liner and lip gloss every two to three months. Products with pumps and squeeze tubes can be kept longer.

One other thing: whenever you get oily or start to shine, most women will just pull out their compact and apply more powder. Dr. Chi says you're just creating more germs and not getting rid of the oil that's already there. Try blotting first before applying powder.

(Copyright ©2011 KABC-TV/DT. All Rights Reserved.)

http://abclocal.go.com/kabc/story?section=news/health&id=8467447

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Choose the Best Solar Charge Controller

        A charge controller can limits the rate at which electric current is added to or drawn from electric batteries. It prevents overcharging and may prevent against over-voltage, which can reduce battery performance or lifespan, and may pose a safety risk. It may also prevent completely draining from a battery, or perform controlled discharges, depending on the battery technology, to protect battery life. Charge controllers are sold to consumers as separate devices, often in conjunction with solar or wind power generators, for uses such as RV, boat, and off-the-grid home battery storage systems. In solar applications, the solar charge controller may also be called solar regulators.

       Upon various solar charge controller suppliers, Morningstar Corporation is a world-leading supplier of photovoltaic (PV) controllers and inverters using advanced technology. Their controllers and inverters have set new standards in the industry for quality, high reliability and extended battery life. Their products are marketed through 164 highly qualified distributors in 73 countries. The authorized distributors are typically the leading solar distributors in each country. For instance, Hengs Technology is a professional and leading distributor of Morninstar charge controller in Taiwan.

       Established in 1998, Hengs Technology is a reliable company of solar products and applications, such as street light, solar outdoor lighting, rack, charge controller, battery, and delta arrestor, etc. They design and distribute renewable energy systems for residential, commercial and industrial use domestically and internationally.

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Installing an Air Tube for Fish Tanks

Many people might like to have a lovely fishes as pet at the home. Before start, first you need to get is fish tank, then we would like to always keep the tank's water environment clean, so next we will need a filter which is an air-driven protein skimmer. Air bubbles that are produced by a wooden diffuser within the reaction chamber of this skimmer, attract molecules of metabolic waste, which is removed from the water, with stable foam that forms at the top of the reaction tube. Air tubing connects the vibrator pump, which supplies the air, to the wooden diffuser within the skimmer.

  In below, there will showing how to make an air tube for a fish tanks with install an under gravel filter,

First at all, just cut a 2-foot length of air tubing from the roll. Pour boiling water into a small bowl and place one end of the air tubing into the water. Wait a minute, then remove the air tube and push this end onto the wooden diffuser. Position the diffuser at the bottom of the protein skimmer's reaction chamber. Bend the air pipe gently to prevent it creating a 90-degree angle and hereby cutting off the air flow.

Next, place the rubber suction cups onto the skimmer holder and position the skimmer into the holder. Push the skimmer onto the back, inside wall of the aquarium. And there is important to ensure that the other end of the air tube is outside of the aquarium.

- Place the opposite end of the 2-foot-long air line into the boiling water. Remove after a minute and push this piece onto the first arms of an in-line plastic T-piece.

Cut a 2-inch-long piece of air tubing from the roll and place one end into the boiling water. Remove after a minute and push this end onto a plastic in-line tap.

Place the opposite end of the 2-inch piece of air tubing into the boiling water. Remove after a minute and push over the second arm of the T-piece.

Cut a 4-inch long piece of air tubing from the roll. Place one end into the boiling water. Remove after a minute and push over the last arm of the plastic T-piece.

Place the opposite end of the 4-inch long piece of air tubing into the boiling water. Remove after a minute and push onto the exhaust nipple of the vibrator air pump.

In the end, place the air pump onto a shelve above the aquarium. Always place the air pump higher than the water level in the aquarium to prevent water siphoning into the pump during a power outage. Then, finally you can plug the air pump into a wall power supply safely and turn it on.

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Main of Two Kinds Braiding Machine!

Braids are textile compositions made with yarn thread crossing in diagonal direction. Each thread intertwines the diagonal threads it crosses one from above and one from below. Braiding machines are used for such constructions. Strength of braids and time of braiding shows the quality of the braiding machines.

  Primarily there are two kinds of braids:

Round braids:

The round braids have a round or oval cross section. The products made are cords (technique), laces (for clothes), cables (electro technique) or ropes (heavy braids).

Flat braids

Flat braids are called laces or just flat braids.

Braids have special characteristic features. Standard braids have only a low lateral stability. Due to this property they can be sawn to other textiles without problems. On the other hand they can be made rigid and stiff with inserts and after treatments.

The load-bearing capacity of braided products is much higher as of products made with other techniques.

Because of the special properties, braids can be found (often hidden) in many different applications. Some examples: Clothes and shoes, candle wicks, sash cords, water ski ropes, mountaineering ropes, yachting ropes, parachute lines, fishing nets, mooring lines, medical applications such as catheters or dental floss, over braided high-pressure tubes, ground cables or harnesses.

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Some Useful Information about Power Screwdrivers.

In line power screwdriver kits are designed for basic household projects. They don't have all the power in the world, but they're more than enough to complete the job without your hands going numb. Some models come with variable speeds. and there are several models to choose from. Some are very similar in design to a basic screwdriver, some are shaped like the number seven, with a handle you can use to guide the screws in. Others come with a handle that pivots to help you get into those tight spots when straight on just won't work.

  You'll want to pick out a power screwdriver that fits your hand. Some of the handles are rough and others have a soft grip to them. Hold the power screwdriver in your hand and see how it feels after a few minutes. If the job you're doing involves great lengths of time then comfort is very important.

  Torque power and speeds vary with different power screwdrivers. Research this information before deciding on the power screwdriver you wish to purchase. Review what each power screwdriver is recommended for. Compare that to the type of projects you're going to be doing with the power screwdriver. By the way, better to keep your power screwdriver fully charged before using, to ensure it's ready to work when you are. Some people keep an extra battery on hand so that they can have one charging and one in the power screwdriver. This is highly recommended if you're going to be using the power screwdriver regularly.

  For those of you, who intend to use your power screwdriver regularly, think about getting a power screwdriver kit? They come with a sturdy carrying case for the power screwdriver and slots for the different tips you'll need depending on the project you're working on. It will also include a power cord. A good power screwdriver kits also include an extra battery as well as a charger that plugs into your cigarette lighter. Power screwdriver kits can be purchased at a much better price than having to purchase accessories separately.

  Power screwdriver accidents are rare but they can happen. Power screwdriver kits will remove or install screws through just about anything. Pay attention to your work area and make sure there are no power cords or wires behind the area where you are working. Also better to keep hair away from the face. While using a power screwdriver, remember the driving force behind it. And keep hands away from the area that turns. The turning blade can slice your hand if you aren’t careful and it's never a bad idea to use eye protection as well. 

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The Different Ways for Wire Hangers Using!!!

In fact, I think that should not supposed to use a wire hanger for our clothes  especially like sweater, knitted coat or even cotton wears, because they can damage them. (I'll admit it, I still use them), but sometimes you end up with many more than you actually need. So what do you do with them? Check-out the list below for some ideas.

  - Use wire hanger to remove static cling. Just rub the long straight side over your skirt to remove static.

- Turn it into a shoe hanger by turning the two ends up.

- Unlock the door on an older car. (This won't work on most newer cars)

- Unclog drains. Untwist the hanger and go fishing around in the drain to pull out an ubstruction.

- Make a mobile for a baby's room. (Could be a fun project for an older sibling.)

- Use it to make a plate hanger.

- Use to make a hanging basket for plants.

- Use it to unlock bedrooms doors. (If you have the push lock kind)

- Use them for roasting marshmallows or hotdogs over a camp fire or fire pit.

- Build a kite with them

- Use them to make plant markers for your garden

- Lots of arts and crafts including wire Christmas trees and wreaths.

- Untwist it and use it to adjust angles on the air vent or use it to retrieve items that have fallen under or behind the refridgerator or other heavy objects (like those socks that fell behind the dryer).

  This is fun, and I am sure that there is more different way of  wire hangers using, when I get more ideas will add it to the list and share with everyone in here. Help it will add a little fun in to your life!

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Introduction of Butterfly Valve

The butterfly valve is suitable for many applications in such as food, dairy, beverage, meat processing, chemical, and many other industries. And it is more common to using in automobile components. The sanitary butterfly valve is one of product; all types of valves come from a family of valves called quarter-turn valves. A quarter-turn valve is a valve that when the handle is turned a quarter of a turn, the valve inside opens or closes.

Mechanism of the sanitary butterfly valves consists of a metal disc, referred to as the butterfly, mounted on a rod. With the valve closed, the disc completely blocks the passageway. When the valve is opened, the disc moves a quarter turn so that it allows the passageway to be unrestricted. Thus, fluids or air can pass through.

  There are many different types of butterfly valves:

High-performance butterfly valves:

They are composed of a slightly offset mounted disc. The offset mounting allows the valve to seal better and has the ability to wear less. This type of valve can be used in slightly higher-pressure systems.

Tricentric Butterfly valve:

More higher-pressure systems then other, this valve has a metal seat that can be used to withstand a higher amount of pressure.

  Although butterfly valves are used in many aspects, the most common use is in automobile parts. For example, a carburetor of a car utilizes a butterfly valve to work. The pedal of the car is pressed to open the valve that controls the engine's air intake. This allows air and gasoline to mix to maintain the proper ratio needed to pass through the intake valves to the combustion chamber, where it is ignited by the engine. When the car is just idling or running without pressing the pedal, the butterfly valve is partially opened, allowing a smaller amount of air to pass through to maintain idle speed.

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Selected a quality health Valves for the food, beverage and pharmaceutical.

Quality health Valves, sanitary butterfly valve suitable for many applications in such as food, dairy, beverage, meat processing, chemical, bio-pharmaceutical and many other industries.

  According to the purpose of the request and choosing different types of health Valve. A food and beverage, and biopharmaceutical pipeline flow and flow of the medium inside the tubes need to be observed at any time.

  A location in the pipeline, in order to cut-off or regulating the flow of media and switch can be selection of imported sanitary butterfly valve, imported sanitary ball valve, imported sanitary diaphragm valves, usually the occasion of the health level, in order to prevent installation of pollution caused by the most frequently used connection clamp quick and thread.

  Some of food grade pipe need the media in both directions in the pipeline to be exchanged in some cases, in this case is sensible using the ball valve of the import health level.

  Other normal operation of equipment safety is the safety valve of the level of imported health.

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Making Aluminum Bats

Aluminum Bats - using raw tube stock tubing varies in lengths from 24 to 35 inches and diameter from 2 to 3 inches. Tubing should be extruded and drawn. Ironing involves the cold shaping of the tube so that the outside diameter remains constant while the inside diameter varies. Soften the tube before moving on to the next process by heating the tube.

  Next will be the swaging process. The diameter of the bat must be reduced and shaped by rotary swaging. Dies rotate around the fixed tube in opposite directions at 850 revolutions per minute while adding 5,100 impacts per minute to the tube. A mandrel is placed inside the tube to prevent the inside walls from becoming too thick.

  Then the aluminum must be cleaned after ironing and swaging and before heat treatment. The bats are bathed in a super-heated about 900 degrees in the molten salt bath so heated elements are made soluble and mix with the salt solution. The bats are cooled after cleaning.

  Over the process above-mentioned, the bats are ready for aging. To harden bats, they are heated in an aging furnace for 12 to 24 hours at 300 degrees F. After cooling, they are the proper thickness.

  There will be the capping the barrel end of the bat following the aging.

To close the barrel end, the bat is spun by an end-spinning machine rotating bats at approximately 1,700 revolutions per minutes while heating to 400 degrees. The heated material is shaped over the open hole during the process. End caps are a less popular way to close the hole.

  At the last, using a tube polishing machine to handle the polishing and adding a silk-screening. All bats are polished while the bat rotates on the tube polishing machine. The finishing characteristics vary according to bat specifics. Silk-screening adds permanent identifications onto the bat as well as colors. A sealant locks in the dyed colors.

  Before ended, aluminum bats need to check for weight on an electronic scale. The handles are cleaned before the knob is attached to the handle end.