Research: The effects of plastic straws
Here is a summary of some articles on plastic straws, how harmful they are, and some initiatives being set to reduce plastic waste.
It is estimated that New Zealand throws away 541 million straws a year, and Wellington bars and restaurants alone give out approximately 800 straws per week. Plastic straws are one of the five most-found disposable items on NZ beaches, and as plastic straws are made from materials like polypropylene and polystyrene, they can 200 years to degrade. Wellington City Council has proposed to do its part by bulk buying biodegradable paper straws to help bars and restaurants make the transition away from plastic straws, but some restaurants, such as Nandos, have already removed plastic straws from all their NZ restaurants.
https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/101706914/wellington-hospitality-group-to-stop-using-plastic-straws
TheLastPlasticStraw.org is one of the largest programs for single-use straw waste awareness. The American-based organisation estimates that the US makes up just 5% of the world’s population but contributes 30% of the world’s waste. The average American will use 1.6 straws a day, and annually, 5,000 straws are collected in beach clean-ups, one of the 10 most-collected coastal waste items. Plastic straws take hundreds of years to biodegrade, but only photo-degrade into smaller and smaller pieces and are ingested by marine and land animals.
https://thelastplasticstraw.org/
It is estimated the UK alone throws away 8.5 billion straws a year, and the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs has proposed a ban of plastic straws across Britain. With bans on microbeads in-place and having made strides towards banning plastic bags and plastic-free aisles in supermarkets, plastic straws are the next target for the UK in their plan to be free of plastic waste by 2040.
http://metro.co.uk/2018/02/23/plastic-straws-banned-revealed-use-8500000000-year-7335952/
Worldwide, plastic straws are the sixth most common type of litter, according to Litterati, an app that identifies and maps trash, and among the top 10 marine debris items according to environmental advocacy group Ocean Conservancy. Made from fossil fuels, a precious and finite resource. Single-use straws are made from several different different types of plastic and their small size means they are hard to recycle, so once discarded, just contribute to the 8 million tons of plastic being dumped into the ocean every year, and at this rate, there will be more plastic than fish in our oceans by 2050.
https://edition.cnn.com/2018/01/14/world/plastic-straws-ban-campaigns/index.html
McDonald’s restaurants alone throw away 60 million plastic straws daily worldwide. In March 2018, McDonald's announced it is dropping plastic straws from its UK restaurants, phasing them out from May as a trial that could be rolled out worldwide.
https://actions.sumofus.org/a/mcdonalds-is-polluting-our-oceans