In traditional societies, culture is passed along from adult to child, within the family and in other group settings. In modern society, print and other communication media transmit cultural knowledge as well. Since gay children are rarely brought up by gay parents, gay culture operates outside the family, with groups of friends operating as surrogate families, passing along gay cultural practices, traditions, and beliefs.
Dee Michel, "Friends of Dorothy: Why Gay Boys and Gay Men Love The Wizard of Oz"











