我研究古代中国。我正在学习普通话。我也是儒的学生。我叫字玮宁。
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@finding-china
我研究古代中国。我正在学习普通话。我也是儒的学生。我叫字玮宁。
Hello! This isn't really ATLA related, but you were the first person I thought of trying to look this up.
I'm trying to figure out the name and purpose of the tasseled stick these women are holding- I see it associated with Tang Dynasty fashion in particular, though none of the resources I've found on the topic mention it at all.
I believe the tasseled stick is likely meant to be a fuchen (拂塵 / 佛尘), also known as a "horsetail whisk" or "Buddha duster". The tasseled part is traditionally made from animal hair such as cow, horse, or yak. The Wikipedia article for it puts it best:
Originally used as a tool to shoo away flies from livestock without injuring them, it eventually came to be adopted by Buddhism and Taoism as it was perceived as having the power to sweep away desires and evil influences both in the environment of the holder and within their own thoughts, bringing them closer to enlightenment (in Buddhism) or transcending the mortal realm (in Taoism).
Since these dusters were able to sweep/swat away bugs without killing them, they came to be symbolic of Buddhism's precept against taking life. It's likely that Tang Dynasty women sought out this accessory as a way showcasing their devotion to the religion and demonstrating a gentle nature. This is also why you see it depicted in illustrations of Chinese deities like Guanyin.
As for why it's specifically associated with the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism was strongly promoted during this period, particularly by Empress Wu Zetian. Of the three major religions of China, Buddhism was viewed as offering the most legitimacy to female authority. Empress Wu Zetian promoted herself as a divine, universal monarch—the reincarnation of Maitreya or a Bodhisattva. It is believed that the face of the Vairocana Buddha in the Longmen Grottoes is modeled after her features.
Wèi shé me
为什么?
For (assorted) what?
Why?
Flower Lanterns from Pujiang County, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province on Lantern Festival(yuanxiaojie元宵节)
chinese hanfu by 望断春山
Song Dynasty - Women's Hanfu Layers
Please don't mind the blindingly uncoordinated colours, I tried to use contrasting colours so you can see the layers clearly ^^;;
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Song Dynasty - Zhuzi Shenyi (Zhuzi One-piece robes) Shenyi (深衣), the umbrella term for one-piece long robes, made a return during the Song Dynasty after being upstaged by the two-piece "ruqun/襦裙" in the North-South Dynasty about 200 years earlier.
A popular style of Shenyi during the Song Dynasty was the "Zhuzi Shenyi" (朱子深衣), a style that was initiated by the scholar Zhuxi (朱熹) and documented in his book regarding family rituals. After studying Shenyi of the past, he developed his own unique style.
These robes were white or light-coloured, with a black border at the collar, bottom, and sleeve cuffs. They were tied at the waist with a large waist tie, and had sleeves that were curved at the bottom.
The top portion of the Zhuzi Shenyi was made up of four panels, and the bottom twelve panels, symbolizing the four seasons and the twelve months.
This garment's pattern is front-opening with a parallel collar, but worn with the collar criss-crossed. During the Song Dynasty, this was worn by men for special occasions.
Zhuzi Shenyi's influenced lasted all the way into the Ming Dynasty, although by then the pattern had evolved from parallel collared to criss-crossed.
Common Sentence #2
Nǐ gēn wǒ yì qǐ qù ma?
你跟我一起去吗?
You And I One Start Go (Get Up) Question
Are you going with me?
Cuju
Cuju (蹴鞠) is an ancient Chinese ball game that is the earliest known recorded game similar to football. It is a competitive game that involves both teams trying to kick a ball through an opening into a central hoop without the use of hands whilst ensuring the ball does not touch the ground. This is similar to how hackey-sack is played today. Descriptions of the game date back to the Han dynasty, with the first mention of cuju being in a section on the state of Qi in Warring States era Zhan Guo Ce.
It is also described in Sima Qian's Han Dynasty era Records of the Grand Historian under the Biography of Su Qin as a military exercise for cavaliers in a competitive form while other forms were played for entertainment in wealthy cities like Linzi. It is said that the Han emperor Wu Di enjoyed the sport.
Cuju games were soon standardized and rules were established. Cuju matches were often held inside the imperial palace. A type of court called ju chang (鞠場) was built especially for cuju matches, which had six crescent-shaped goal posts at each end.
The sport was improved during the Tang dynasty (618–907). First of all, the feather-stuffed ball was replaced by an air-filled ball with a two-layered hull. Also, two different types of goal posts emerged: One was made by setting up posts with a net between them and the other consisted of just one goal post in the middle of the field. The Tang dynasty capital of Chang'an was filled with cuju fields, in the backyards of large mansions, and some were even established in the grounds of the palaces. Soldiers who belonged to the imperial army and Gold Bird Guard often formed cuju teams for the delight of the emperor and his court. The level of female cuju teams also improved. Cuju even became popular amongst the scholars and intellectuals, and if a courtier lacked skill in the game, he could pardon himself by acting as a scorekeeper.
Cuju flourished during the Song dynasty (960–1279) due to social and economic development, extending its popularity to every class in society. At that time, professional cuju players were popular, and the sport began to take on a commercial edge. Professional cuju players fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court (unearthed copper mirrors and brush pots from the Song often depict professional performances) and the other consisted of civilians who made a living as cuju players. During this period only one goal post was set up in the center of the field.
Common Sentence #1
Jué duì bú shì
绝对不是!
Absolute Yes No Is
Absolutely not!
The Seven-Star Drum: For those with timidity or kidney deficiency, it strengthens courage and boosts vitality. The ears are the windows to the kidneys- when kidney energy is sufficient, hearing is sharp; when it is deficient, the ears lack nourishment, leading to symptoms like tinnitus and hearing loss. The low-frequency drum regulates the energy of the organs, stimulates kidney yang, and helps gather scattered energy. The low-frequency drumming acts as an amplifier for kidney energy. Following the rhythm of the drum, night sweats gradually transform into vital energy. (In short, listening to this can boost your courage and make you feel empowered. If you feel uneasy or scared when alone at home at night, you can try playing it.)(cr 圆清吉祥)
In China's popular series 一人之下/Kneel for One/The Outcast, the "Heart Monkey" and "Kidney Water Pig" are metaphorical references related to the concepts of Yang Five Thunder阳五雷 and Yin Five Thunder阴五雷. Here’s a simple explanation:
Yang Five Thunder & Heart Monkey心猿: The Five Thunder Method is a technique that combines the five elements within the body. Those who haven’t lost their virginity are considered to have abundant vitality and Yang energy. When using this method, the practitioner first activates heart fire (fire element) and lung metal (metal element), resulting in Yang Five Thunder, also known as Crimson Palace Thunder绛宫雷jiang gong lei. The heart and lungs correspond to Yang energy in the five elements. This Yang energy is compared to a “fire-forged monkey” -restless and lively, reflecting the nature of the heart. Hence, it’s called the “Heart Monkey.” It’s believed that with experience, the mind becomes stronger, so the monkey is also called the “Walker行者xing zhe.” The goal of cultivating the Heart Monkey is to attain “Emptiness” (Wu Kong悟空).
Yin Five Thunder & Kidney Water Pig 肾水猪: Those who have lost their virginity cannot practice Yang Five Thunder through conventional means, as their Yang energy is compromised. However, a modified method allows them to activate kidney water (water element) and liver wood (wood element) to practice Yin Five Thunder, also known as Water Organ Thunder水脏雷shui zang lei. The kidneys and liver correspond to Yin energy, visualized as a “water-soaked pig.” This pig represents desires and emotions -greed, lust, and indulgence -must be disciplined. Hence, it’s called “Eight Precepts” (Bajie八戒). Human desires aren’t entirely useless; one must learn control. The pig’s goal is to “Awaken to Ability” (Wu Neng悟能).
The Heart Monkey and Pig are opposites. Cultivating one without disturbing the other is crucial-if the kidney energy is disturbed, Yang energy becomes chaotic; if heart fire flares up, Yin energy goes out of control, ruining progress. The spleen, representing earth element, mediates between heart Yang and kidney Yin, much like the character Sha Wujing (Wu Jing/Sandy悟净), who acts as a peacemaker.
All the various figures, murals, tombs from the Tang Dynasty really gives a lot of references for various clothing styles from this period.
The capital city during the Tang Dynasty was Chang'an, now known as Xi'an. A few years ago when they were expanding Xi'an' airport they found about 3,500 tombs O.O;; If you're interested in the Tang Dynasty, Xi'an is definitely a city you should visit :D (This is also where the famous Terracotta warriors are!)
Here's how the layering for women's outfits would go for the Tang Golden Era period (盛唐).
For those who actually wear Hanfu out these days, we usually forgo the petticoat, or add some straps to it and wear it inside the shirt to hide the straps. For the outer skirt (qixiong), a lot of shops are also adding straps to them just to make it easier on everyone. I mentioned before in a post, without the straps you're always at risk of a wardrobe malfunction 😬
I need to buy a pair of lantern pants...those look so comfy. Some people will pair lantern pants with a cute blouse for a more modern twist on the look, easy to move around in and go out for a nice day :D
宋朝 - 褶裙 (褶裥裙) (1/2) Song Dynasty - Pleated skirts (Diequn) (Part 1/2)
Song Dynasty had various types of skirts for both men and women, one of the most common was the pleated skirt. The pleated skirt first appeared during the Tang Dynasty, by the time it reached the Song Dynasty, the pleats were closer together earning it the name "hundred pleats skirt" (sometimes even called "thousand pleats skirt).
The pleats used could be one-direction (顺褶), or in opposite directions (工字褶).
Pleated skirts during the Song Dynasty could be separated into 5 main categories: 1) 百迭裙 (Baidie) Hundred folds skirt
Pleats along the centre of the skirt fabric
Two sides are unpleated
Unpleated areas can be wide or narrow, no specific measurements
When worn, the unpleated side is usually front-centre (not always)
2) 百褶裙 (Baizhe) Hundred pleats skirt
Pleats all along the skirt
(Continued in next post) (Masterlist of all Hanfu posts)
[Hanfu・漢服]Elegance in Every Step: The Hidden Story of Ancient Chinese Women's Shoes
Delicate. Symbolic. Ingenious. Chinese women's shoes from centuries past were more than just footwear—they were a reflection of art, identity, and social order.
👣 From the elegant cloud-head shoes of the Tang Dynasty, 👠 to the curved bow shoes of the Song, 🌸 to the bold, towering flowerpot soles of Qing noblewomen— each style tells a deeper story about beauty, power, and tradition.
One pair discovered in Empress Dowager Cixi’s collection? Crafted with jewels and fine silk—worth nearly $25 million today.
These shoes weren’t just worn. They walked through dynasties, carrying the grace and complexity of a culture thousands of years old.
Let them be seen.
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📝Source:https://v.douyin.com/D1Tc2BOKDgo/
Author:@喜米儿
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Dali Kingdom 大理國 was a Bai (an ethnic group native to southern China) dynastic state situated in modern-day Yunnan province, China, and parts of Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar from 937 to 1253.
In 1253, it was conquered by the Mongols. However, descendants of its ruling house continued to administer the area under the Mongol Yuan dynasty until the Ming conquest of Yunnan in 1382.
The former capital of the Dali Kingdom remains known as Dali in modern Yunnan Province today. Famed for its high quality and expensive marble, Dali (大理) literally means "marble" in Chinese.
The administration of the Dali Kingdom has been characterized as a mandala state similar to Southeast Asian kingdoms but with Chinese influences. Some of its surviving landmarks is the “Chongsheng Temple “ and “Three Pagodas of Dali” dating back to the 9th and 10th centuries.
English has different words for mouse and rat but in Chinese they're both the same creature (laoshu) so I asked my mom well how do you differentiate between mice and rats. She, clearly having never felt the need to do so, was like uhh big laoshu and little laoshu I guess. Then I went online to see how the difference between (the English words) "mouse" and "rat" was being explained to CN->EN learners and there are numerous articles delving deep into the analysis. Bigger vs smaller, indoors vs outdoors, cute and favorable connotations vs evil and ugly, tail length, fear factor, emphasis on the fact that you cannot call it a "computer rat." Much thought is being expended on this little mystery of the English language