Tupac and his mother

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Tupac and his mother
Every single person should reblog this
R.I.P. Trayvon
This is amazing.
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Kam Chancellor Forces Calvin Johnson Fumble
AFRICAN IS A NOT A FOREIGN NAME
Africa, unlike âblack,â is a name, not a adjective. You can get on a plane and visit it, you can find it on a Sat Nav, it has boundaries, governments, you can grow crops on it, and build a house on it. But some say, Africa was a foreign name given to us, if this is true, it was given to us by our contemporaries not our conquerors. However, the word has Berber Tunisian origins meaning â A sunny placeâ - Ifriqiya . Romans appropriated this word from which it is believed the modern word Africa came about the describe the entire continent. In addition, Africa is a unique name of a place and Africans are simply people who are native to that place. And over the course of history different names such as Habesha and Takruri were used to refer to African people of various regions, Ethiopia and West Africa respectively. Also the word Moor has been used across the centuries but as critics have established, the term âMoorâ was used interchangeably with such other ambiguous terms such as âEthiopian,â âNegro,â and even âIndianâ to designate a figure from different parts or the whole of Africa (or beyond) who was either black or Muslim, neither, or both. [3]
In the case of an âoriginalâ 100% native word for Africa the problem is tied to identity, in this case the modern occurrence of a pan-African identity (lowercase âpâ). Therefore you cannot take a Zulu word and apply it to a broad continent and say it was âoriginalâ Zulu people did not have the knowledge of the continent width and breath to name it. So people of Ethiopia never saw people in say Namibia, they did not go and look them up. Enat Hager (Motherland) was defined exclusively within Ethiopian spheres of interest and knowledge. It was also exclusive of what they would have perceived as other. There was no great desire for them and other African nations to see a pan-African continent. All of these factors means there was no original pan-African name for the entire continent that we know of.
Many fail to see that âblackâ ultimately sets Africans outside of their connection to history and culture. Black does not connect us to Kemet, it only goes back 500 Years ago. Hence, âblackâ people are an âurbanâ people/culture and âurbanâ peopleâs history is 5 minutes old. In addition, because it is a term placed on us, we have no bases for its control, and hence they are able to say; âAncient Egyptians werenât black.â Black has no meaning; except the meaning they place on it, if and when they chose.
Ethiopia means âBurnt faceâ (Greek), but it has long since moved over from a âcolorâ to a Nation â Modern Ethiopia. Holocaust (Greek) means âburn downâ that usage has long since expired, especially with the death of Classical Greek. All words have some origin, for example Moor, but today they have long crossed over from their original meaning to become names.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hu0z6zyc2J8
From the Studio to the Street: Work Of Ghanaian Photographer James Barnor Memorialized in New âEver Youngâ Book.
Portrait of a Ghanaian woman, Eva, in London, 1960s.
Arguably Ghanaâs most well-known photographer, and undoubtedly one of the most important photographers, in and outside of Africa, of the 20th century, James Barnorâs highly significant work has been chronicled in a new book that spans his over six decade-long career.
Titled in reference to Barnorâs photography studio which he set up in the 1950s  in the culturally historic Jamestown area of Accra, Ever Young is the first-ever and most comprehensive book to date on Barnor and his work.
Ginger Nyarku, featherweight boxer with Coronation Belt, Accra, 1953.
Born in 1929, James Barnor began his career as an apprentice in the portrait studio of his cousin J. P. Do- doothe. Setting up his own studio shortly before Kwame Nkrumah was elected as Ghanaâs first president, this archival book begins with Barnorâs pre-colonial studio portraits and delves extensively into his transitionary work. In addition to his photography, Ever Young is complete with new writing, an interview with the artist by Francis Hodgson and Margaret Busby, and Barnorâs commentary on selected photos.
At the height of his career, Barnor documented a series of pivotal happenings both in Ghana and abroad, from his countryâs transition from a British colony to the first African country to gain independence in 1957, to 1960s cosmopolitan life in England for members of the emerging continental African diaspora, and his editorials for the highly influential African fashion and lifestyle magazine Drum. These diverse visual narratives, ranging from black-and-white images of carefree youth, boxers and acrobats to in colour visuals of everyday people across Ghana, stand as a testament to the versatility present in his catalog of photographs, beautifully compiled in this newly released book that speaks to cross-continental post-colonial black experiences.
Ever Young Studio, Accra, 1950s.
Nigerian Superman, Old Polo Ground, Accra, 1957â58.
Blavo and friends at a Youth Development Club party, Scout Headquarters, Accra, 1953.
Drum cover girl Marie Hallowi, Kent, 1966.
Mike Eghan at Piccadilly Circus, London, 1967.
Salah Day, Kokomlemle, Accra, 1973.
Jim Bailey and friends at a Drum party, Chorkor beach, Accra, 1950s.
Untitled #4, Sick-Hagemeyer shop assistant, Accra, 1971.
Ever Young is available for purchase at RRB Photobooks.
A free exhibition will be held in Paris from October 8th - November 21st to mark the bookâs release.
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Old School  BY TUPAC SHAKUR
[Intro: 2Pac] Here we go; we gonna send this one out to the old school All these motherfuckers in the Bronx, and Brooklyn, and Staten Island Queens, and all the motherfuckers that laid it down, the foundation Ya know what Iâm saying? Nothing but love for the old school Thatâs who were going do this one for, ya feel me?
[Hook: Grand Puba sample] (x5) âWhat more could I say? I wouldnât be here today If the old school didnât pave the wayâ
[Verse 1: 2Pac]
I remember Mr. Magic, Flash, Grandmaster Caz LL, Raising Hell, but, that didnât last Eric B. & Rakim was, the shit to me I flip to see a Doug E. Fresh show, with Ricky D And Red Alert was puttin in work, with Chuck Chill Had my homies on the hill getting ill, when shit was real Went out to steal. Remember Raw, with Daddy Kane?! When De La Soul was puttin Potholes in the game I canât explain how it was, Whodini Had me puffin on that buddha gettin buzzed, cause there I was Them block parties in the projects, and on my block You diggy donât stop, sippin on that Private Stock Through my speaker Queen Latifah, and MC Lyte Listen to Treach, KRS to get me through the night With T La Rock and Mantronix, to Stetsasonic Remember âPush Itâ was the bomb shit, nuttin like the old school
[Hook: Grand Puba sample] (x5) âWhat more could I say? I wouldnât be here today If the old school didnât pave the wayâÂ
[Verse 2: 2Pac]
I had, Shell Toes, and BVDâs A killer crease inside my Leeâs when I hit the streets Iâm playing skelly, Ringolevio, or catch a kiss Before the homies in my hood learned to smack a bitch I remember. way back, the weak weed they had Too many seeds in the trey bag Too many seeds in the trey bag Iâm on the train headin uptown, freestyling With some wild kids from Bucktown, profiling Cus the hoochies was starin, thinking "what them niggas wearing?â Iâm wondering if thatâs her hair, I remember Stickball, humpin hoochies on the wall Or taking leaks on the steps, stinking up the hall Through my childhood, wild as a juvenile A young nigga tryin to stay away from Rikers Isle Me and my homies breakin nights, tryin to keep it true Out on the roof sipping 90 proof, ainât nuttin like the old school
[Hook: Grand Puba sample] (x5) âWhat more could I say? I wouldnât be here today If the old school didnât pave the way If the old school didnât pave the wayâ
[Verse 3: 2Pac]
Remember popping and locking to Kurtis Blow, the name belts And Scott LaRock the Super Ho back in Latin Quarters When Slick Rick was spittin La Di Da Di Gaming the hoochies at the neighborhood block parties I remember, breakdancing to Melle Mel Jekyll and Hyde, LL when he Rocks the Bells Forget the TV, Iâd rather hit the streets and do graffiti Be careful donât let the transit cops see me It ainât nothing like the old school!
[Hook: Grand Puba]
[Outro: 2Pac]
Haha, on the real though
Remember seeing Brooklyn go crazy up in the motherfucking party?
Remember motherfuckers used to go, âIs Brooklyn in the house?â And motherfuckers would lose they God Damn Mind!
Thatâs the old school to me; thatâs what Iâm sayin
(Super, Sperm)
I remember goin places that motherfuckers was scared to say They was from anywhere but Brooklyn; that shit was the bomb Back in the motherfucking old school nigga
Remember skelly nigga?
Knocking niggas out the box, popping boxes?
Remember stickball?
Member niggas to run that shit like that?
Remember the blockâ âMember screaming up at your moms from the window?
(
LL Cool J is hard as Hell..
.)
The ice cream truck, remember all the motherâ
âMember the Italian Ices, yo? Yo, remember the Italian Ices?! The Spanish Niggas cominâ down with the coconut ices and shit?
I came through the door, said it before
That was the shit!
BLESSED BE THE 70âČS,80âČS, AND 90âČS GOLDEN ERA OF HIP HOP
KOOL AID SOCKS,ICE CREAMS TRUCKS WITH PIG FEETS,POPPING ROCKS,CRY BABIES, MR T CEREAL, MIXING SUGAR WITH KOOL AID, WCW ON SUNDAYS, KUNG FU SUNDAY ON USA, REAL MIXTAPES WITH UNDERGROUND ARTISTS,YOUNG GIRLS SNAPPING THE FINGERS
WHOâS DAUGHTER YOU CALL A BITCH,â GO CHOOSE A SWITCH FROM THE BUSHESâ
YOU BETTER HAVE YOUR ASS IN THIS HOUSE BEFORE THE STREET LIGHTS COME ON
âA LET ME GET A BAG OF SUGAR TIL FRIDAYâ
 A LET ME ROCK THAT AFRICAN MEDALLION,Â
WHO YOU PLAYING âWHOâ BIGGIE LET ME GET A DUB OF THAT
A MOM WE OUT OF MILKÂ âADD SOME WATER TO ITâ.Â
A MOM CAN I SPEND THE NIGHT ATÂ âHELL NOâ
NAH! GOD I DONâT EAT NO SWINE
YO! THEM JORDANS FRESHÂ â YOU SEE THE WATCH ON MY CHEST, YOU KNOW WHAT TIME IT IS
WHY DID YOUR MOTHER SEND YOU TO CHURCH WITH PINK ON, âYOU A SISSYâ
GOVERNMENT CHEESE, A MAN YâALL ON WELFARE???
HEY KEISHA YOU LOOK GOOD, âI DOâ, SIKE!!!!!!!
WHY YO MOMMA GOT ALL THE BEBE KIDS
WHATâS YOUR NAME, O COOL, WHERE IS IT FROM, AFRICA. CAN I CALL YOU SOMETHING ELSE. YOU JUST SAID MY NAME. ETHIOPIAN NAMES ARE HARD FOR ME TO SAY.. BUTâŠâŠâŠ. YOU JUST SAID MY NAME
MY MOMS IS FROM NIGERIA, WHAT PART OF ETHIOPIA IS THAT
YO! DUKE SNAPPED, RE WIND THAT
GIVING SHOUTS TO MY ANCESTORS AND GODS IN THE EARTH. THANK YOU FOR THE WISDOM,SOUL FOOD, IMPRACTICAL PUNISHMENTS. ALL PRAISE TO YOUR ANCIENT TECHNOLOGY OF PUTTING TWO VCRS TOGETHER TO GET THAT MOVIE QUALITY. THANKS TO ALL MY GRAND PARENTS, OLDER FAMILY, OLDER COUSINSÂ âWHO CLOTHES I STOLE ON FRIDAYS TO LOOK OLDER THAN I WASâ, YEAH WALKED AT SLOW SPEED WITH A PIMP STROLL, CAUSE I HAD AIR MAX 2 SIZES TO BIG, AND A DISCONNECTED CELL PHONE PERPETRATING.( YEAH NAY, THANKS FOR THE PHONE NUMBER, GLAD YOU DIDNâT ASK ME TO DIAL IT) LMAO
LOVE THE OLD SCHOOL!!!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hu0z6zyc2J8
So how did house fundamentally differ from disco? Like hip hop, it was built on new technology. Like Knuckles, Ron Hardy had disciples who used cheap new technology to make tapes or cassettes of new music for him to play at the Music Box. Jesse Saunders was first with the primitive âOn and On,â which came out on Vince Lawrenceâs Mitchbal label. Unlike disco, this wasnât music made by musicians, it was made by clubbers for clubbers. The distance between self-starter impulse and execution was, as it had been with punk, rapidly diminished.
From Chapter 52: Chicago and Detroit: House and Techno in Yeah! Yeah! Yeah!: The History of Pop Music from Bill Haley to Beyoncé by Bob Stanley, out now in paperback and ebook. Listen to the Chapter 52 playlist on Spotify.
Hereâs How NASA Is Preparing for Life on Mars
Two recent events: the release of the scientifically-accurate Matt Damon blockbuster The Martian plus the discovery of not just water but salty wateron Mars, make NASAâs HI-SEAS (Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation) doubly relevant. Over 7,000 scientists applied, and six scientists were chosen to live in isolation for eight monthsâthe longest simulation of itâs kind in history.
The experiment confines the six of them on a dome-shaped habitat on Mauna Kea, a barren, Mars-like dormant volcano on Hawaii. Their goal of the experiment is to see how humans react in isolation during the long distances and times required for a trip to Mars.
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How the worldâs first plants took a giant leap on to land
About 450M years ago, plants in the sea took a giant leap on to land to become the plants we know and love today. But how did they survive?
Scientists for The John Innes Centre may have found the answer.
Land plants survive by getting water and nutrients from soil.
They do this by forming a special friendship with soil dwelling fungi called mycorrhiza. These strands of fungi reach deep into the spoil and drag the nutrients and water back to the plants.
But when the first algae landed on soil, how did they survive long enough to form these beneficial friendships?
New research suggests that they already had the genes necessary for forming this bond whilst they lived in the sea.
Researchers analyzed DNA and RNA of some of the earliest known land plants and green algae and found evidence that their shared algal ancestors living in the Earthâs waters already possessed the necessary set of genes needed to detect and interact with the beneficial fungi.
The team of scientists believes this capability was pivotal in enabling the alga to survive out of the water and to colonise the earth. By working with the fungi to find sustenance, the alga had an evolutionary advantage and could thrive in a very different and seemingly infertile environment.
This was a watershed moment that kick-started the evolution of life on earth.
Read more
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Addis Ababa! M.N ! #afrakan #addis ababa #ta Netjer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hu0z6zyc2J8
Tuaregs from Mali fleeing drought, March 1974, Algeria, Raymond Depardon.
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