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The First Year Symphony-Baby First Year Milestones

Dr. Devanand Agarwal PAEDIATRIC SPECIALIST

5 Essential Milestones That Harmonize Your Baby’s Development

The first year of a baby’s life is a breathtaking symphony of growth and transformation, a time when tiny humans blossom into curious explorers, eager communicators, and budding personalities. While every baby embarks on this journey at their own unique pace, there are five essential milestones that mark significant leaps in their physical, cognitive, and social development. These milestones not only reflect a baby’s incredible progress but also offer valuable insights for parents on how to nurture and support their little one’s journey.

1. The Dance of Discovery: Rolling Over (3-6 Months)

Like a graceful dancer finding their rhythm, your baby’s first rolls mark a significant step in their motor development. This seemingly simple act of turning from tummy to back or back to tummy requires coordination of multiple muscle groups, including the neck, back, and core. Rolling over opens up a whole new world of exploration for your baby, allowing them to see their surroundings from different angles and practice essential movements that pave the way for crawling and sitting.

What to Expect: Most babies start rolling from tummy to back first, usually around 3-4 months. Rolling from back to tummy typically follows a few weeks later.

How to Encourage Movement: Provide plenty of tummy time to strengthen those core muscles. Use toys and your voice to entice your baby to roll towards them.

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Unconsummated Marriage Realities: The Silent Battle

Dr. Deepak Goenka, M.D Director, Institute of Human Reproduction IVF Specialist

Unconsummated marriages, though often a taboo subject, are more common than many realize. This delicate situation arises when a couple, despite being legally married, is unable to achieve sexual intercourse or establish physical intimacy. While the reasons for unconsummated marriages can vary widely, ranging from psychological factors to medical conditions, the emotional toll it takes on individuals involved cannot be overstated.

Unconsummated Marriage Reasons

One of the primary reasons behind unconsummated marriages is sexual dysfunction, which can affect either one or both partners. Issues such as erectile dysfunction, vaginismus, or premature ejaculation can hinder attempts at intercourse, leading to frustration and disappointment for the couple. These challenges may stem from underlying medical conditions, psychological factors, or a lack of sexual education and communication.

In some cases, cultural or religious beliefs surrounding sex and intimacy may contribute to the difficulty in consummating a marriage. Societal expectations and taboos surrounding sexuality can create feelings of shame or guilt, making it challenging for couples to openly discuss their concerns or seek professional help.

Moreover, unresolved emotional issues or trauma from past experiences can also interfere with a couple’s ability to establish physical intimacy. Anxiety, fear, or negative associations with sex may manifest as aversion or avoidance behavior, further exacerbating the problem.

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Teenage parenting

Dr. Ranjit Agarwala PEDIATRICS SPECIALIST

Monitoring a teenager is a very delicate part of parenting. Sometimes it’s a nightmare foe parents.

Too much monitoring will send the message of distrust, too less monitoring will deprive him of protection and guidance in making safe decisions about behavior and relationships.

Trust is the key to finding a balance.  Teenagers need privacy for themselves and secrecy goes along with the development of independence which is normal. Extreme secrecy , however can be a red-flag sign which should be ruled out. Open communication and building trust with teenagers will be helpful to balance the monitoring.

Monitoring a teenager without engrossing to his personal space needs sensibility and discretion. Some of the tips are given here:

Dos

Knock before you enter his room

Ask permission before looking to his personal belongings.

Make ground rules. You need to know when he is coming back after his Saturday night party or from friends get together. Do not asked him personal questions such as who he danced with, etc.

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Understanding Uterine Prolapse: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Dr. Deepak Goenka IVF SPECIALIST

Introduction

Uterine prolapse is a condition that many women may experience at some point in their lives, yet it remains largely misunderstood and often under diagnosed. It primarily affects women who have gone through childbirth, particularly those with vaginal deliveries, and those who are in their postmenopausal stages. This condition occurs when the uterus descends into or even protrudes out of the vagina due to the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments. Although it may not always cause significant discomfort,uterine prolapse can greatly affect a woman’s quality of life. If left untreated, it can lead to various symptoms and complications. This comprehensive blog aims to delve deeply into the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for uterine prolapse, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention.

Understanding Uterine Prolapse

Uterine prolapse occurs when the uterus sags or slips from its normal position and descends into the vaginal canal. This condition is due to the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments that hold the uterus in place. The degree of prolapse can vary, with the uterus either partially descending or fully protruding from the vagina. While some women may not experience significant discomfort, others may find that their daily activities and quality of life are impacted.

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Understanding Torticollis: Causes, Symptoms, And Management

Dr. Ranjit Agarwala PEDIATRICS SPECIALIST

Torticollis, is a condition characterized by the involuntary contraction or shortening of neck muscles, resulting in the tilting or turning of the head to one side. While it can occur at any age, torticollis is most commonly diagnosed in infants (congenital torticollis) and adults (acquired torticollis). Understanding its causes, symptoms, and management is essential for effective treatment.

Torticollis Causes: 1. Congenital Torticollis: This type of torticollis is present at birth and often occurs due to abnormal positioning of the fetus in the uterus or injury to the neck muscles during childbirth.

2. Acquired Torticollis: Acquired torticollis can develop later in life due to various factors, including muscle spasms, trauma to the neck or head, cervical spine disorders, or infections such as meningitis.

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RUBELLA (German Measles) & PREGNANCY

Dr. Deboshree Sarkar Fellow Infertility Specialist

Dr. Deepak Goenka Director, Institute of Human Reproduction IVF Specialist

What is Rubella (German Measles)?

It is a contagious viral infection. If a pregnant woman acquires Rubella, she is at increased risk of miscarriages, stillborn and their developing babies are at risk for severe birth defects with devastating lifelong consequences. But the good thing about it is that once someone is infected or immunized, they acquire lifelong immunity. Many get this infection without even realizing it and develop immunity naturally.

Every woman before planning pregnancy should check their immunity by doing blood tests (IgG, IgM). If no immunity (i.e. IgG- negative) then they should be vaccinated against Rubella.

How Rubella spreads? What causes Rubella?

It can spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes (by direct contact with infected mucous from nose & throat).

During pregnancy, it can be passed from the mother to the unborn child through the bloodstream.

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What Is Uterine Synechiae? Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

Dr. Deboshree Sarkar

Fellow Infertility Specialist Institute Of Human Reproduction (IHR)

Uterine Synechiae is an acquired uterine condition that occurs when scar tissue forms inside the uterus where the walls of the uterus stick to one another.

What causes Uterine Synechiae?

Trauma to the inner lining of the uterus causes subsequent scarring resulting in adhesion.

D&C(cleaning of the uterus) is performed after abortion and delivery.

Infection -Endometritis, Tuberculosis

Symptoms of Uterine Synechiae

Menstrual irregularities-there is little bleeding, infrequent bleeding, and absence of bleeding.

Painful menstruation

Inability to conceive

Pregnancy loss

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Triple Test: A Prenatal Screening For Chromosomal Abnormalities And Birth Defects

Dr. Deepak Goenka, M.D Director, Institute of Human Reproduction IVF Specialist

Pregnancy is an exciting time for expectant parents, but it is also a time of uncertainty and anxiety. To ease this uncertainty, many expectant mothers choose to undergo prenatal screening tests to check for any abnormalities in the fetus. One such test is the Triple Test. In this blog, we will take a closer look at the Triple Test and what it entails.

What is the Triple Test? When is it done?

The Triple Test is a prenatal screening test that is typically performed between the 15th and 20th weeks of pregnancy. The test is used to screen for certain chromosomal abnormalities and birth defects in the fetus. The Triple Test involves measuring three substances in the mother’s blood: alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and estriol (µE3).

Why is the Triple Test performed? Triple Test as a screening technique for Down Syndrome.

A positive Triple Test result means that the levels of one or more of these substances are higher or lower than normal, which can be a sign of a chromosomal abnormality or birth defect. It is important to note that a positive Triple Test does not diagnose a specific condition, but rather indicates the need for further testing to confirm a diagnosis.

What happens after a positive Triple Test result?

If you receive a positive Triple Test result, your healthcare provider will likely recommend further testing, such as an amniocentesis. The procedure involves taking a sample of the amniotic fluid to test for chromosomal abnormalities or genetic disorders. It is important to understand that the test is not without risks, and you should discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider before deciding to have them.

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Understanding Amniocentesis Test: Risks, Results, And Benefits

Dr. Deepak Goenka, M.D Director, Institute of Human Reproduction IVF Specialist

What is Amniocentesis Test?

The amniocentesis test is a prenatal diagnostic test (test done during pregnancy) that involves taking a sample of the amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus in the uterus during pregnancy. It is typically performed during the second trimester, between 15 and 20 weeks of pregnancy.

What is Amniocentesis Test for? Why is it done?

Amniocentesis is usually done to check for chromosomal abnormalities or genetic disorders in the fetus, such as Down syndrome or Thalassemia.

The procedure of the Amniocentesis Test

The procedure for amniocentesis is typically performed in a hospital or clinic by a trained healthcare provider. It is done with the use of ultrasound to guide the insertion of a thin needle through the abdomen and into the uterus to collect a small sample of amniotic fluid. Usually, no prior preparations are required. No empty stomach. No anesthesia is usually used as it is just a needle prick. The procedure takes about 5-10 minutes. Post-procedure, you are asked to rest in the clinic for a few hours and then you can go home. This is an outpatient procedure and does not require admission.

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What Is Azoospermia And How Is It Treated?

Dr. Deepak Goenka, M.D Director, Institute of Human Reproduction IVF Specialist

What is Azoospermia?

Azoospermia is a condition in which a man has no sperm in his ejaculate. This can be caused by various factors, including physical abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, and infections. While azoospermia can be distressing for men and their partners who are trying to conceive, it is important to note that it is treatable and there are options available for those seeking to have a child.

Types of Azoospermia:

There are two main types of azoospermia:

Obstructive Azoospermia

Non-obstructive Azoospermia.

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10 Measures for Successful Breastfeeding

Dr. Nirmal Jain Paediatrics Specialist Institute of Human Reproduction

It is important that while discharging a nursing mother from hospital 0r 1st contact of nursing mother in OPD the following measures to be explained to the mother for successful breast feeding:

Only mother’s milk up to six month of age.

Up to to six month of age, no artificial milk, non water, gripe water, janamghuti, honey, tulsi to be given to the baby.

Sometimes you may wonder whether your milk is sufficient or not for the baby. You should not worry if baby is passing urine six or seven times a day. It may be less than 6 times in the first 7 days.

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Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

Dr. N. Romita Devi Fellow Infertility Specialist

Dr. Deepak Goenka Director, Institute of Human Reproduction IVF Specialist

What is Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)?

PMS stands for Premenstrual Syndrome. The physical or mood changes a woman goes through every month before menstruation which affects a woman’s normal life is called premenstrual syndrome (PMS). PMS has been reported in 30-40% of the reproductive female population.

What changes do we notice in PMS?

During PMS, a woman may undergo emotional changes such as:

Depression

Angry outbursts

Irritability

Crying spells

Anxiety

Confusion

Social withdrawal

Poor concentration

Insomnia

Increased nap-taking

Changes in sexual desire.

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Common problems faced during the first trimester of Pregnancy

Dr. Swati Jalan Obstetrician & Gynaecologist Institute of Human Reproduction

First-trimester bleeding can be concerning. Spotting and light bleeding, however, are typically merely expected symptoms of early pregnancy. There are several causes of mild bleeding and spotting in the first trimester that are often safe for both you and your unborn child.

COMMON CAUSES OF VAGINAL BLEEDING

Implantation bleeding:

This happens about 6 to 12 days after you’ve conceived. The fertilized egg floats into its new home and must attach itself to the uterine lining to get oxygen and nutrition.

This settling in can cause light spotting or bleeding. Implantation bleeding usually happens just before you expect your period to begin. In fact, this kind of bleeding is often mistaken for a light period.

Cervical polyp

About 2 to 5 percent of women have polyps – small, finger-like growths on the cervix, which get inflamed or irritated and lead to bright red bleeding.

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How does smoking affect Men’s Fertility?

Dr. Saurav Maheshwari

INFERTILITY SPECIALIST Institute of Human Reproduction

The Impact of smoking on the general health and well-being of an individual and its association with various life-threatening cancers are known to all. Many of us are not aware of smoking can affect our fertility. As per the latest data, almost 27 cr. Indians consume tobacco which is out of every 5 Indians

It has been seen that smoking affects almost every system involving the reproductive process in men. Smoking can also affect you at the genetic level. Several studies have shown a decrease in sperm quality as well as quality as seen by a decrease in semen volume, sperm counts, and sperm motility. Another major impact of smoking is the generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species), which increases oxidative stress on the tiny swimmers.

To know more about how Smoking affects Male fertility, Watch the video below by Dr. Saurav Maheshwari

Remember that the best time to quit smoking was the day you started and the second best time is today.

If you are facing any kind of Male infertility, feel free to consult our experts.

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The World’s first IVF Baby – A Medical Marvel | IHR’s contribution in the field of ART

Dr. Deepak Goenka Director, Institute of Human Reproduction IVF Specialist

IVF is a process in which embryos are formed by mixing sperm and oocyte outside the human body and transferring those fertilized embryos inside the woman’s uterus. Today, IVF has become the mainstream medical treatment for infertility. Hundreds and thousands of children are conceiving through this procedure every day.

Introduction – the World’s first IVF Baby

Louise Brown was the result of the first successful IVF, which is considered to be among the most remarkable medical breakthrough of the 20th century. She was born on 25th July 1978 at Oldham and District General Hospital, Manchester, England. She was born to the lucky parents Lesley and Peter Brown at 11:47 pm, Tuesday by caesarean section and weighed 5 pounds, 12 ounces (2.608 kg) at birth.

It was the hard work of gynaecologist Patrick Steptoe and physiologist Robert Edward who made this miracle happen. As the birth of Louise Brown brought joy to the whole world, they added joy in between her name and named her Louise Joy Brown.

The Struggle Story

Lesley and Peter were from a small city Bristol. Peter Brown worked as a driver for British Rail. He has two daughters from a previous marriage Beverly and Sharo.

Before giving birth to Louise, Lesley Brown had suffered nine years of infertility due to blocked tubes. Bristol clinician, Dr Rosalin Hinton explained to the couple that some experimental IVF procedure was going on in Manchester but the chance of success is one in a million. They were so desperate for a child that they travelled 180 miles from Bristol to Manchester and met with pioneers Dr. Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edward in 1976.

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Health and Child Development | Why Is Healthy Child development Important?

Dr. Ranjit Agarwala Paediatrics Specialist Institute of Human Reproduction

It is a dream for every couple to have a child after marriage. In our present scenario, every child is a precious child. Every parent wants to raise a healthy, intelligent, and capable child with good values. The early years of life are very important to know about Health and Child Development. Healthy development means that children can grow up where their social, emotional, and educational needs are met along with normal physical growth. Having a safe, loving home and spending time with family- playing, singing, reading, and talking are very important, especially in this era of the digital world. Proper nutrition, exercise, and sleep also can make a big difference.

How does health status affect child development and behavior ?

Starting at birth and continuing throughout childhood, children reach milestones in how they play, learn, speak, act and move. Skills such as taking the first step, smiling for the first time, and waving “bye-bye” are called child development milestones. Children develop at their own pace, so it can be difficult to tell exactly when a child will learn a given skill.

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Hysterosalpingogram (HSG Test) Procedure: What To Expect?

Dr. Tanya Das Fellow Infertility Specialist Institute of Human Reproduction

What is an HSG Test?

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an important female fertility test. HSG test is an X-ray procedure that is used to view the inside of the uterus and the fallopian tubes. HSG was first performed by Rind Fleisch in 1910 and was considered to be the first special radiology procedure of that time.

Why is HSG Test Done? What are the benefits of an HSG Test?

An HSG gives information regarding the structural anatomy of the uterus and fallopian tubes. HSG helps in the diagnosis of uterine anomalies such as congenital malformations, uterine synechiae, endometrial polyps, submucosal myomas, etc. It also helps in assessing the patency of fallopian tubes (tubal blockage) and also gives us an idea of various tubal pathologies.

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