Korean Nook

Let's learn Korean together. Sharing grammar & vocab. Spanish tumblr: @coreanoencasa

[koreannook]

Starting from scratch.

안녕하세요 여러분!

As i said in my previous blog ( @gigiskjourney ) i'm changing tumblrs since i want to start all over again because i started korean lessons and it's very different from what i used to post before (TTMIK stuff).

So please, give this tumblr a lot of love as my previous one had! I will appreciate it. Also, don't worry, i'll try to post everything from my korean lessons as fast as possible. Stuff from TTMIK won't be posted in here, since it can be a little bit confused to mix stuff so different.

고마화요 🧡

Note: i'll follow back from my main blog ( @blossomrism )

[koreannook]

USE OF TIME.

2024년 9월 01일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Last time, we learn how to write a sentence with the hours and minutes, so now, we will add new vocabulary so you can complete those sentences and be able to say: yesterday at 6:45pm, tomorrow at 8:14am, it's 5:30 in the afternoon, next week at 3:45pm, last year at 12:23pm.

Remember this?

TIME(에) + HOURS(에) + MINUTES(에) + SECONDS(에) + 이에요/예요.

Do you remember about where to put the 에 at the end of the very last word we used? So keep that in mind! All these words i'm going to share, are inside the "TIME (에)" particle. So you have to add them before the hours/minutes.

I'm going to share it from big to small, it would make sense later, i promise! Please, have in mind that, if the words doesn't have (에) at the end, you don't have to add it if it's the last one.

Always: 항상

SEASONS:

Spring: 봄 (에)

Summer: 여름 (에)

Autumn: 가을 (에)

Winter: 겨울 (에)

MONTHS:

January: 일월 / 1월 (에)

February: 이월 / 2월 (에)

March: 삼월 / 3월 (에)

April: 사월 / 4월 (에)

May: 오월 / 5월 (에)

June: 유월 / 6월 (에)

July: 칠월 / 7월 (에)

August: 팔월 / 8월 (에)

September: 구월 / 9월 (에)

October: 시월 / 10월 (에)

November: 십일월 / 11월 (에)

December: 십이월 / 12월 (에)

DAYS OF THE WEEK:

Monday: 월요일 (에)

Tuesday: 화요일 (에)

Wednesday: 수요일 (에)

Thursday: 목요일 (에)

Friday: 금요일 (에)

Saturday: 토요일 (에)

Sunday: 일요일 (에)

OTHER WORDS:

Year: 년

Last year: 작 년 (에)

This year: 이번 년 (에)

Next year: 내 년 (에)

Month: 달

Last month: 지난 달 (에)

This month: 이번 달 (에)

Next month: 다음 달 (에)

Week: 주

Weekend: 주말 (에)

Last week: 지난 주 (에)

This week: 이번 주 (에)

Next week: 다음 주 (에)

Today: 오늘

Yesterday: 어제

Tomorrow: 내일

Now: 지금

Morning: 아침 (에) / 오전 (에)

Afternoon: 오후 (에)

Night: 밤 (에) / 저녁 (에)

I'm going to teach you how to write a sentences properly with this: TIME(에) + HOURS(에) + MINUTES(에) + SECONDS(에) + 이에요/예요.

Time is the big thing, as you can see, we have to add all those words in that space, but, how? As i said, always from big to small.

ALWAYS + YEAR (에) + SEASON (에) + MONTH (에) + DAY (에) + MOMENT OF THE DAY (에) + HOURS (에) + MINUTES (에) + SECONDS (에) + VERB.

Imagine i want to say:

I always go to sleep at 22:00pm on mondays.

저는 항상 월요일 밤 열시에 자요.

I had "monday" "night" and "hour", but the particle 에 goes at the end of the sentences. So it will be the same if you add more info in that sentence; just follow the new way and it will be easy!

If you need help, please, let me know and i'll help you out!

See you next time!

[koreannook]

HOURS IN KOREAN.

2024년 8월 27일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Today, i’ll share how to say the time in Korean! First of all, we have to know how is the structure in korean for this.

TIME(에) + HOURS(에) + MINUTES(에) + SECONDS(에) + 이에요/예요.

Since we already know how to say hours + minutes + seconds, i’ll teach you how to say the time (morning/evening/night)

Morning (from sunrise till noon) = 아침/오전

Afternoon (from noon till nightfall) = 오후

Night (from nightfall to sunrise) = 밤/저년

As you can see, morning and night has two ways to say it, the one i use the most if the first one.

TIME PARTICLE -에.

What is the “에” thing? It’s a time particle that goes with some words (i’ll give you more later!) but not everytime! You have to learn which words goes with this time particle.

Before going further, the 에 must go at the end of the phrases everytime. As you can see in the structure i wrote above, every part has the 에 in parenthesis. You only have to put ONE time particle (에) on the sentence. Let me explain it with examples:

Examples:

TIME(에) + HOURS(에) + MINUTES(에) + SECONDS(에) + 이에요/예

It’s in the afternoon = 오후에 예요.

It’s 9 in the morning = 아침아홉시에 예요.

It’s 10:36 at night = 밤열시삼십육분에 에요.

It’s 5:14:45 in the afternoon = 오후다섯시십사분사십오초에 예요.

As you can see, 에 always falls further behind as we add more information to the sentence. I learned it thinking that they were Russian dolls (Matryoshkas): the more you open them, the smaller they get and the smallest one is where the 에 is.

Once you get it, it will be more easy to form sentences! So, I suggest that you write as many sentences you can with different times, to practice.

Next time, i’ll add more words that goes / doesn’t go with 에, since i don’t want to add a lot at the same time. See you soon!

[koreannook]

NATIVE KOREAN NUMBERS.

2024년 8월 16일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Today, we will learn native korean numbers and when do we use them.

Those numbers go from 1 up to 100, it won’t go further. So it’s really easy to learn them, you just have to work a few times with them to get used to them. The way to form these numbers is the same as with sino-korean numbers, but, even more easy.

1 = 하나 (한)

2 = 둘 (두)

3 = 셋 (세)

4 = 넷 (네)

5 = 다섯

6 = 여섯

7 = 일굽

8 = 여덟 (you pronounce this like 여덜)

9 = 아홉

10 = 열

20 = 스물 (스무)

30 = 서른

40 = 마흔

50 = 쉰

60 = 예순

70 = 일흔

80 = 여든

90 = 아흔

100 = 백

Those are the numbers you have to learn. So now, how do we will say 58? 94? 35? 19? It’s easy!

58 = 50 + 8 = 쉰 + 여덟 = 쉰여덟.

94 = 90 + 4 = 아흔 + 넷 = 아흔넷.

35 = 30 + 5 = 서른 + 다섯 = 서른다섯.

19 = 10 + 9 = 열 + 아홉 = 열아홉.

We use these numbers to count (followed by lexical counters) and to say the hours (only the hours! remember that for minutes and seconds we use sino-korean numbers!).

I don’t have all the lexical counters, but i’ll share the ones i have:

명 is used to count people.

Imagine you go to a restaurant, and they ask you how many you are? You will say “2 people/8 people”, so instead of saying “2 사람” we will say 2명. And how do you say that 2? No, it’s not 둘, you have to used the numbers between parenthesis: 두명. In case the number doesn’t have a number between parenthesis, used it as normal.

마리 is used to count animals.

As before, if you want to say you have 45 cows, you will say “cows 45마리”, this will be: 소 (cow) 마흔다섯마리.

As you can see, the extructure is: Sustantive (cow) + number (45) + lexical counter (마리).

개 is used to count objects (any type).

If you already know how to do it with lexical counter for animals, this is the same. Imagine if you want to say you have 6 clocks. So we will say it this way: 6 + clocks (시계) + 개 = 여섯 시계개.

IMPORTANT: Imagine you want to say that you have 600 cows, how do you say it? Remember that i told you native korean numbers only works from 1 to 100? Then, we will used sino-korean numbers to say 600. Every number that goes up to 100, will go with sino-korean numbers.

HOW TO SAY THE HOURS IN KOREAN.

Let’s focus on saying the hours. Korean only used 1 to 12 to say the hours, which means, we can’t say it’s 20:45 pm, we have to say it’s 8:45 pm to be able to say it.

Remember the numbers between parenthesis? Okay, so we will used them here to.

We also have a lexical counter here, and it’s 시.

Hours = native korean numbres.

Minutes + Seconds = sino korean numbers.

Let’s do some examples:

What time is it? = 몇 시예요?

It’s 8:00 = 여덟시예요.

It’s 4:56 = 네시 오십육분이에요.

Koreans don’t say the seconds (neither do we), so no one will tell you seconds if you ask for the time. Next time, i’ll teach you how to say “am/pm” in korean, so you can say it’s 4:56 am or 8:00 pm.

If you have any questions, please, let me know!

[koreannook]

SINO KOREAN NUMBERS PT.2

2024년 8월 11일

안녕하세요 여러분!

As promise, second part is here!

Telephone numbers (05860791834)

Metro/Bus lines (Line 8 / Bus 576)

Height/Weight (150cm and 50kg)

Years (2024, 2000, etc)

Minutes and seconds (45min and 20 seconds)

Prices (5,000 wons)

Directions (Sherman, 42 Wallaby Way, Sydney)

HOW TO SAY PHONE NUMBERS:

Let’s take ( 05860791834 ) as our example.

You have to say number by number: 0-5-8-6-0-7-9-1-8-3-4

공(0) / 오(5) / 팔(8) / 육(6) / 공(0) / 칠(7) / 구(9) / 일(1) / 팔(8) / 삼(3) / 사(4)

For zero, you can say both (영/공)

HOW TO SAY METRO/BUS LINES:

Line 8 / Bus 576 = 팔번 / 오백칠십육번

We will use “번” to say “line”.

HOW TO SAY KILOS/CM:

150cm and 50kg = 백오십센치 / 오십킬로

We use: 센치 for height and 킬로 for weight.

HOW TO SAY THE YEARS:

To say year we will use 년, for example:

Year 2022 = 이천이십이 년

HOW TO SAY MINUTES AND SECONDS:

For minutes, we will use 분 and for seconds we will use 초. For example:

45 minutes / 30 seconds = 사십오 분 // 삼십 초

HOW TO SAY PRICES:

30€ (euros) = 삼십 유로

4,000 ₩ (wons) = 사촌 원

56$ (dollars) = 오십육 달러

HOW TO SAY DIRECTIONS:

It’s the same as before, if you live in house number 40, you will say “사십”.

[koreannook]

SINO KOREAN NUMBERS PT.1

2024년 8월 7일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Today, i’m going to share how you use sino-korean numbers. You use this numbers to say:

Telephone numbers (05860791834)

Metro/Bus lines (Line 8 / Bus 576)

Height/Weight (150cm and 50kg)

Years old (45yo)

Minutes and seconds (45min and 20 seconds)

Prices (5,000 wons)

Directions (Sherman, 42 Wallaby Way, Sydney)

Then, after you know this, let get into what we want to know: sino-korean numbers.

0 = 영/공

1 = 일

2 = 이

3 = 삼

4 = 사

5 = 오

6 = 육

7 = 칠

8 = 팔

9 = 구

10 = 십

100 = 백

1.000 = 천

10.000 = 만

100.000 = 십만

1.000.000 = 백만

Now, how do you form numbers like 56, 184, 7.694, 15.696, 294.586 or 6.746.329?

Take you time, please, to read this. If you don’t understand, send me an ask / open the chat and i’ll explain it writting it in a paper <3

These numbers form multiplying and adding numbers. I’ll explain it with the numbers above.

56 = 5 x 10 (50) + 6 = 오 (5) x 십 (10) + 육 (6) = 오십육 (56)

184 = 100 + 8x10 (80) + 4 = 백 (100) + 팔 (8) x 십 (10) + 사 (4) = 백팔십사 (184)

7.694 = 7x1000 (7.000) + 6x100 (600) + 9x10 (90) + 4 = 칠 (7) + 천 (1000) + 육 (6) x 백 (100) + 구 (9) x 십 (10) + 사 (4) = 칠천육백구십사 (7.694)

Lets stop here. Why? Okay, so, you know, we always separate numbers by 3 figures/numbers (9.999.999 for example), but koreans do separate them by 4 figures/numbers. It sounds complicated, i know (my brain freeze the first time i hear it lol).

If the number have more than 4 figures, please, separate them like this:

15.696 = 10.000 // 5.696

1 (10.000) + 5x1000 (5.000) + 6x100 (600) + 9x10 (90) + 6 =

만 (10.000) + 오 (5) x 천 (1.000) + 육 (6) x 백 (100) + 구 (9) x 십 (10) + 육 (6) = 만오천육백구십육 (15.696)

294.586 = 290.000 // 4.586

Tip: 100.000 is 십만, right? okay, and here, you have two numbers: 29 so it will be 2십9만. The first number (2) goes before 십, and the second number (9) goes between 십 and 만.

29 (290.000) + 4x1000 (4.000) + 5x100 (500) + 8x10 (80) + 6 =

이십구만사천오백팔십육

6.746.329 = 6.740.000 / 6.329

Tip: 1.000.000 is 백만. So, here, you have three numbers: 674 and it will be 6백74만. The first number (6) goes before 백, and the second and third number goes between 백 and 만, those two numbers have to be said as a pair, which means, you have to say 74 (7x10+4), not 7 + 4.

6.746.329 = 6x100 (600) + 7x10 (70) + 4 (4) // 6x1000 (6000) + 3x100 (300) + 2x10 (20) + 9 =

육백칠십사만육천삼백이십구.

I know its scary at first, but now, you are going to be able to say from 0 to 9.999.999 in korean! With practice, it will be more easy with the time!

For part two i’ll share how to say korean telephone numbers, what termination you have to use for years, kg, cm, etc.

[koreannook]

PERSONAL PRONOUNS

2024년 8월 5일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Today we are going to learn personal pronouns, as well as when to use some suffixes to add to the name of the person we are going to talk to.

The blue ones are in the informal form and the purple ones are in the formal form. Always try to use the formal form when you start speaking and/or writing. If there is an X, that means there is no word to say that.

I = 나 / 저

You = 너 / X

He/She = 그 (he) or 그녀 (she) / 그분 (both)

We = 우리 / 저희

You = 너희 / X

They = 그들 (group of boys) or 그녀들 (group of girls) / 그분들 (all)

We only used 그분 or 그분들 when that person is not with us in the moment we talk about them.

How we can address someone who is our boss or someone who has a more power than us? There are words for this one, so we won't use any of the pronouns learnt today. For example: Boss (상사님), Teacher (선생님). That 님 means kind of "sir".

OTHER WAYS TO CALL PEOPLE:

If we don't know the person, we add -씨 at the end of their name: 송 민기씨.

If the person is our friend, we add -이 at the end of their name ONLY if ends with a consonant: 김강민이. This only works with korean names, don't do this with foreigner names.

If you want to call someone (a friend) who is a little far away from you, we will use -아 at the end of their name if ends with a consonant or -야 if ends with vowels: 신정근아 or 김준호야.

And that's all for today!

If you have any question, please, feel free to ask me !

[koreannook]

Hangul: batchim pt. 2.

2024년 7월 30일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Today, i’ll teach you how do you pronounce when you have two consonants at the end of a syllable. It’s more easy than you can think, and you will get used to it very soon (you just have to practice).

I’ll give you the examples first, and then, how do you have to pronounce it.

넋, 앉, 값, 많, 싫, 여덟, 곬, 핥, 닭, 삶, 읊

As you can see, all of them have two consonants at the bottom of the syllable, and only one of them sounds when you speak.

Then, how you pronounce all of it?

Following the same order, we have all of this. You just have to learn these. The purple ones are what you pronounce when you speak.

ㄱㅅ - ㄴㅈ - ㅂㅅ - ㄴㅎ

ㄹㅎ - ㄹㅂ - ㄹㅅ - ㄹㅌ

ㄹㄱ - ㄹㅁ - ㄹㅍ

So, when you say 넋 you are saying “넉” (it’s not the same word, it’s just how it sounds; keep this in mind, please!!!!)

There are some exceptions for this rule:

If a word comes with ㄺ followed by ㄱ.

If the next syllable begins with a vowel, both consonants will sound (ex.: 없어 will sounds like 업서).

But, if the syllable ends with two consonants and the last one is ㅎ, this one doesn’t sound or sound with the next vowel (ex.: 많이 sounds like if you are saying 마니.)

[koreannook]

Hangul: batchim pt. 1.

2024년 7월 29일

안녕하세요 여러분!

What is Batchim? It’s a consonant placed at the bottom and pronounced at the end in a Korean syllable block, and it’s has it’s own pronunciation, so be very careful.

ㄱ ㄲ ㅋ sounds like ㄱ.

누박 / 밖 / 부엌

(watermelon / outside / kitchen)

All of them sounds like g/k at the end.

ㄴ sounds like ㄴ.

잔 / 난

(glass / i)

All of them sounds like n at the end.

ㄷ ㅌ ㅅ ㅆ ㅈ ㅊ ㅎ sounds like ㄷ.

곧 / 끝 / 옷 / 있 / 낮 / 꽃 / 낳

(Soon / end / clothes / to be/to have / day / flower / give birth)

All of them sounds like d/t at the end.

ㄹ sounds like ㄹ.

달 / 길

(moon / street)

All of them sounds like r/l at the end.

ㅁ sounds like ㅁ.

밤 / 금 (Night / gold) All of them sounds like m at the end.

ㅂ sounds like ㅂ / ㅍ.

밥 / 앞 (rice / front (position)) All of them sounds like b/p at the end.

ㅇ sounds like ㅇ.

응 / 강 (Yes / River) All of them sounds like -ng at the end

And this will be the first part of batchim!

[koreannook]

Fact of the day

Do you ever ask yourself what koreans says when two of them say the exact same word at the exact same time? We use "Jinx", but they use...

Person A: 찌찌뽕. Person B: 뽕찌찌.

That's how korean say it!

[koreannook]

Hangul: Diphthongs.

2024년 7월 26일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Diphthongs are very easy once you learn the vowels, so let’s get into it. You only have to “match” 오 and 우 with other vowels.

오 + 아 = 와, sounds like -wa.

오 + 애 = 왜, sounds like -we. ¹

오 + 이 = 외, sounds like -we. ¹

우 + 어 = 워, sounds like -wo.

우 + 에 = 웨, sounds like -we. ¹

우 + 이 = 위, sounds like -wi.

¹ They all sound the same, -we.

For example, with ㅅ.

솨 (sua) · 쇄 (sue) · 쇠 (sue)

숴 (suo) · 쉐 (sue) · 쉬 (sui)

And that’s all! Next post, will be batchim part 1 of 2.

[koreannook]

Hangul: consonants.

2024년 7월 25일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Today, we will start learning the hangul consonants.

ㄱ {giyeok - g/k}

ㄴ {niun - n}

ㄷ {digut - d/t}

ㄹ {riul - l/r}

ㅁ {mium - m}

ㅂ {biub - b/p}

ㅅ {siot - s}

ㅇ {iung - ng}

ㅈ {jieut - j}

ㅊ {chieut - ch}

ㅋ {kieuk - k}

ㅌ {tieut - t}

ㅍ {pieup - p}

ㅎ {hieut - h}

So now that we know consonants + vowels, we can start to form syllables:

가 / 갸 / 거 / 겨 / 기 / 개 / 걔 / 게 / 계 / 고 / 교 / 구 / 규 / 그

나 / 냐 / 너 / 녀 / 니 / 내 / 냬 / 네 / 녜 / 노 / 뇨 / 누 / 뉴 / 느

다 / 댜 / 더 / 뎌 / 디 / 대 / 댸 / 데 / 뎨 / 도 / 됴 / 누 / 뉴 / 느

라 / 랴 / 러 / 려 / 리 / 래 / 럐 / 레 / 례 / 로 / 료 / 루 / 류 / 르

마 / 먀 / 머 / 며 / 미 / 매 / 먜 / 메 / 몌 / 모 / 묘 / 무 / 뮤 / 므

바 / 뱌 / 버 / 벼 / 비 / 배 / 뱨 / 베 / 볘 / 보 / 뵤 / 부 / 뷰 / 브

사 / 샤 / 서 / 셔 / 시 / 새 / 섀 / 세 / 셰 / 소 / 쇼 / 수 / 슈 / 스

아 / 야 / 어 / 여 / 이 / 애 / 얘 / 에 / 예 / 오 / 요 / 우 / 유 / 으

자 / 쟈 / 저 / 져 / 지 / 재 / 쟤 / 제 / 졔 / 조 / 죠 / 주 / 쥬 / 즈

차 / 챠 / 처 / 쳐 / 치 / 채 / 챼 / 체 / 쳬 / 초 / 쵸 / 추 / 츄 / 츠

카 / 캬 / 커 / 켜 / 키 / 캐 / 컈 / 케 / 켸 / 코 / 쿄 / 쿠 / 큐 / 크

타 / 탸 / 터 / 텨 / 티 / 태 / 턔 / 테 / 테 / 토 / 툐 / 투 / 튜 / 트

파 / 퍄 / 퍼 / 펴 / 피 / 패 / 퍠 / 페 / 폐 / 포 / 표 / 푸 / 퓨 / 프

하 / 햐 / 허 / 혀 / 히 / 해 / 햬 / 헤 / 혜 / 호 / 효 / 후 / 휴 / 흐

Tip: try to write and say this syllables out loud so you get used to them.

[koreannook]

Hangul: vowels.

2024년 7월 24일

안녕하세요 여러분!

Today, we will start learning the hangul vowels.

아 {a} ~ 야 {ya}

어 {eo} ~ 여 {yeo}

이 {i}

애 {ae} ~ 얘 {yae}

에 {e} ~ 예 {ye}

오 {o} ~ 요 {yo}

우 {u} ~ 유 {yu}

으 {eu}

Be careful with “애 and 얘 (ae/yae)” because you’ve to pronounce it as “-e/-ye” too. That’s the way you write it in romaji. Also, 어 and 여 is more like and -o/-yo.

And that would be it for the first part! We will need consonants to form syllables and then form words from it. There are also the diphthongs, which I will show you after the consonants.

[koreannook]

Korean Nook tags.

HANGUL.

vowels / consonants / diphthongs / batchim pt.1 / batchim pt.2

SINO KOREAN NUMBERS.

Part 1 / Part 2

NATIVE KOREAN NUMBERS.

Read here

HORAS EN COREANO.

Read here

VOCABULARY.

Tag / tag / tag

GRAMMAR.

Personal Pronouns / tag / tag