Voltage Stabilizers- How Do They Work?
A voltage stabilizer is specially designed to automatically maintain constant voltage level. It may have a simple "feed forward" design or comprise negative feedback control loops. A voltage stabilizer can be used regulate one or more DC or AC voltages, depending on its design. These stabilizers are commercially used to compensate for voltage fluctuations in the mains. Large voltage stabilizers may be installed on distribution lines permanently. On the other hand, small portable regulators can also be plugged in between a sensitive equipment & wall outlet. Various models of voltage stabilizers are applicable for use in devices like refrigerators, air conditioners, televisions, etc. so as to protect them against fluctuating input voltage. For controlling output of generators (in power stations & ships, or on oil rigs, emergency power systems and greenhouses) Automatic Voltage Stabilizers are used. An voltage stabilizer comprises several components such as capacitors, diodes, potentiometers, resistors, and microcontrollers etc., which are placed on a circuit board. This system is then mounted near the generator & is connected with number of wires in order to measure/ adjust the generator.
Its Working:
In the first place, an Automatic Voltage Stabilizer monitors output voltage as well as controls input voltage for the exciter of a generator. An Automatic Voltage Stabilizer calculates how much voltage needs to be sent to the exciter numeral times a second, thus stabilizing the output voltage to a pre-determined set point. It maintains a constant current even when there are power drops or power surges.
The automatic voltage regulators are applicable in generator sets on oil rigs, ships, and in emergency power supplies, etc. to stabilize voltage fluctuations. The voltage stabilizer also compensates for change in the power load. Commercial/ industrial automatic voltage stabilizers normally operate on different range of voltages for eg. 150–240 V or 90–280 V.
An automatic voltage regulator improves efficiency of rectifier, and comes with battery charge protection as well as over-discharge protection. Moreover, these systems come with battery open-circuit protection, and have excellent temperature resistance.