I've just had a realization about Henry Mk1, the fictional sodor locomotive that was rumored to be built to stolen plans by an engineer jealous of Sir Nigel Gresley, but who stole the wrong plans. The engine was so flawed when built that they unloaded it to the first desperate buyer--Mr. Topham Hatt--who "wanted an Atlantic, but that ----- ------ ------ sent me that!"
So Henry I is said to have an undersized firebox, but he's also said to look like Gordon, and most of the best guesses for Henry's basis is that it was a modified Ivatt Atlantic stretched into either a ten wheeler or a Pacific. He also looks to have as wide a firebox as Gordon's in the illustrations and in the classic show.
The A0 prototype--also thought to be Gordon as built, though he would have been heavily modified until he was mechanically identical to the A1s. (i.e., Flying Scotsman, Great Northern, etc)
Suppose Gresley's first thought was to stretch an Atlantic into a ten wheeler, and not a Pacific. With no room for the driving wheels, he'd have had to cut into the firebox, changing it into a narrow "keyhole" shape like Edward's. He would have done some calculations on the firebox's heating rate versus the power output of the engine, and determined that the loco wouldn't work, and then tossed the plans--right into the thief's hands.
My theory is that Henry I had the boiler barrel of a Large Boiler Atlantic, and he was built with larger cylinders (comparable to Gordon's, rather than the original Atlantic's). Maybe even three or four cylinders, maybe intended to be a compound like some of the Ivatt Atlantics iirc, but built by the thieves incorrectly as a simple-expansion engine. But he had a thin 'keyhole' style firebox squeezed between the rear drivers.
So Henry was lugging around Gordon-type weight, held a Gordon amount of steam and water, and had just as much tractive effort as Gordon... but with a firebox barely larger than Edward's. He'd take ages to build pressure, and when he did, he'd exhaust it faster than he could build up more.
He looks like he had a wide firebox like Gordon because in order to mask this obvious oversight, Henry's builders built the boiler jacket, the smooth painted outer hull, to be the same shape as an Ivatt Large Boiler Atlantic's boiler jacket, but most of it was just hollow.
Combine that with generally poor build quality--valve gear out of time, low factor of adhesion despite the extra driver due to oversized cylinders, leaky fittings and cylinders--and you got yourself a "deplorable" locomotive, but one that is ultimately recoverable if he's given the care he deserves.
Plus I like Henry being a ten wheeler pre- and post- rebuild.
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