Links under the cut to various topics that I've written about on environmental storytelling, thematic examinations, parallels to specific literature (mythological, fantasy, musical), and FromSoft metanarrative.
Environmental Storytelling:
- Introduction to Reading the Environment
- Impaler's Catacomb
- Church of Irith
- Light and Shadow in Leyndell // Queen's Bedchamber Walkway
- Suppression Pillar and Fort of Reprimand
- Mushroom Vision // Rebirth Monuments // Fire Monk Camp
- Red Flesh and White Flesh Mushrooms
- Belurat Weeping Tree Courtyard
- Belurat Evergaol 1 // Belurat Evergaol 2
- The Candle Tree Prophesies
Thematic Examinations:
- The Cracked Pot
- Renowned Tarnished and the Shardbearers they Champion
- Tarot: The Fool's Journey
- Miquella and Judgement Tarot
- Elemental Allegory Hypothesis
- The Round Table Hold and the Octave
- "Shrive Clean the Hearts of Men" (an Ansbach analysis)
- Abusurdist Art, Anti-Art, and Meaning
- Concept of the Shadowlands as a Realm of the Dead
- The Omen Curse as a Metaphor for Inbreeding
- Wings and Flight
- Maliketh's Black Blade
- Nanaya 1 // Nanaya 2 // Midra
Literature comparisons:
- Narcissus and Echo
- Loki Influences on Radagon
- Wheel of Time 1 // Wheel of Time 2 // Wheel of Time 3
- Tolkein's Legendarium
- Realm of the Elderlings
- Curse of Chalion 1 // Curse of Chalion + RotE
- Mercedes Lackey Mage Winds
- JoJo Reference
- Rush, Freud, and Test for Echo
- Leda and the Swan
- Gideon Ofnir and Beatlemania
- Grynn, God of War - Dragonlance
- Fort of Reprimand - Back in Black
- The Silence of the Lambs
- Thoughts about the Blood Star
Metanarrative posts:
- Introduction to the Meta-Narrative
- The Age of Wood and the Winds of Change
- Elden Ring, Dark Souls, and the Sun God
- The Dark Souls Pendant
- Word String Theory
- Armored Core 4: Solar Faction War
- Bloodborne and Elden Ring: What do we Learn from the Dead
- "O Flora, of the moon, of the dream"
- The Multi-faceted Gloam Eyed Queen
- Armored Core and Astrology: Calibrating the Meta-Narrative
- Forensic Science as an analogy for Social Science
Many times when I see people dragging up the discourse that "Mohg is bad queer rep!", I ruminate on how did we get here as a society. That's like saying that "A Devil in a Midnight Mass" by Billy Talent is bad queer rep when (spoilers) it ain't a takedown of queers, it's a condemnation of specific person American serial child rapist and Catholic priest John Geoghan:
"A devil in a midnight mass
He preyed behind stained glass
A memory of Sunday class
Resurrected from the past"
A not insignificant number of child predators have been spawned from the exact same institutions that raise moral panics and endorse kidnapping queer kids to try and "fix" them through conversion "therapy". Why is that never talked about with regards to what was done to Miquella, who was kidnapped and transported to a very ominous setting and attempted to be converted into something else through blood? I mean I already had a pretty good idea about this one - it's because people fell for the conspiracy theory that Miquella used mind control. Because it's easier to understand than the historicity in which the reason we even have words like "charm", "bewitch", and "enchant" to apply to fantasy settings is because people with poor emotional control would use them to appeal to the supernatural as an excuse for their behaviour in a time before psychology was better understood. Did FromSoftware cast a spell of "compel fandom" to get you to play the DLC, or did you make the decision to play because it attracted you? For anyone who has ever experienced the "Heart Stolen" death animation and immediately queued up another run, congratulations: you've overcome Miquella's "mind control".
Now move on to thinking about art as having something that it's trying to express about real world society where "mind control" isn't real, but an awful lot of people act like there are omniscient supernatural forces out there that can read minds and manipulate people.
"Hold your breath and count to four
Pinky swears don't work no more
Put my trust in God that day
Not the man that taught his way
I was alive but now I'm singing"
Mohg is not and was never representing the queer community outside of projection by fans who took a liking to his aesthetic and deleted his actual delusional personality. In a most tone deaf piece of irony, the fandom does exactly what they condemn Miquella for by sane-washing Mohg until he's palatable - that is "mind controlling" him as an author "mind controls" all of their characters. Like, in canon this is a person undergoing a religious psychotic break and dissociating from his body into his "Lord of Blood" form. I don't think y'all can understand just how delusional he is until you can solve the paradox of why he refers to the corpse in the cocoon as "Miquella" but nobody else does. But here's a hint: if eating a dragon heart in dragon communion makes a person metamorphose into a magma wyrm dragon, then what does Mogh think that he can transform his body into by partaking in "Miquella communion"? On the symbolic level, Mohg is representing a patriarchal faith system that systematically produces generations of queer kids who are consumed with the terror of being sent to burn in Hell just for being themselves.
"A devil in a midnight mass
Killed the boy inside the man
The holy water in his hands
Can never wash away his sins"
A history of sexual abuse cover-ups in the Catholic Church were brought to light in the late 1990's to early 2000's, in the timeframe just before the "Devil in a Midnight Mass" song was released in 2006. It turns out that an institution that teaches people to evaluate the trustworthiness of other people based on the supernatural rather than real psychiatric evaluation manufactures a situation where trust can be exploited.
Mohg is dressed like a Catholic priest, and holds the office of a priest at the head of a cult - alluding to the scandals of the Catholic Church to those who remember that real period of recent history. But on the other hand, I think that I can make a pretty good guess as to why this message isn't getting across. Pop culture fantasy appropriates the aesthetics of religion, and creates cosplays and roleplays as members of these institutions so often that apparently it's just become background noise. The cultural nihilism makes it so that paradoxically people feel they can "never know" if the artists are making a critique of a religious institution or just borrowing an aesthetic superficially for the villains, but are all to eager to interpret the explicit villains as representations of their own subcultures that they live in a bubble about. It's just easier to take these things on good faith, bad faith, kneejerk reactions, and unacknowledged biases rather than putting effort into assessing the psychology of other people.
"Silent night for the rest of my life
Silent night at the edge of your knife
(Forgive me father)
Won't make it right"
Due to cultural differences, I think that most gamers don't quite grasp that religion is not a "cool" superficial aesthetic to the clergy like it is in the online media-saturated space - belief in the supernatural rewires peoples brains. One of the core themes of Elden Ring is how being indoctrinated in the absurdities of faith creates and/or amplifies mental illness. Every Great Rune does this to its shardbearer. If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck, it's probably alluding to how Catholicism historically encouraged gay men to repress their desires, transfer all of their love onto Jesus the Lamb of God, and for some of them those vulnerable altar boys start looking like tender lambkin. And if any form of deviant desire - whether sexual or cannibalistic - is a sin, well, "the Devil made me do it" and "Jesus forgives sins" can become two compatible thoughts. Until you get caught, that is.
"Whisper, whisper don't make a sound
Your bed is made, it's in the ground"
Decided that a good use of my free will was to speculate on the remaining "voids" in Nightreign that would be most available to be filled by a second DLC. And a few meme options (like...Radahn 3.0). In case of some kind of games announcement on the weekend.
Just kindof extrapolating/interpolating. If the "Forsaken Hollow" DLC is thought of as a step backwards in time and perceiving "an Abyss" where there used to be information, then the next available place to go would be to rewind a step back even further in time for a version of the tree what existed before it was Hollowed out. And 12 would be a nice round number of Nightfarers considering the detail on the Recluse's Darkness garb where there are 8 constellations on the underside of her hat but 12 silver medallions in the perimeter around the top, outside of her sight.
Me, thinking late night Elden Ring thoughts: so if Rakshasa's face data is styled like Sephiroth FFVII, then why does Yura have the ridiculously long Sephiroth sword?
Also me: oh, because Shabriri is like Jenova. In the sense of being an entity that can influence people who have been infused with its cells to make them better soldiers, and drives them to madness and/or manipulates them when they are in a vulnerable mental state. And listening to it would doom the planet.
..."Sephirot" and "Shabriri" sure are two concepts from Jewish mysticism and myth, huh
Turns out that I had more thoughts as a follow up to this previous post.
Why does Nepheli Loux focus her attention on the Omenkiller? Nepheli's questlines are themed around challenging the methods of previous generations in her lineage. Her interactions with the Banished Knight, Godrick, the Omenkiller, Sir Gideon, and Godfrey all play into this theme. So, what might the Omenkiller represent for Nepheli?
The Omenkiller carries the thought of the Crucible Knot talisman which “Reduces damage and impact of headshots taken”, and is wearing armour made to be fearsome and anonymous - perhaps refusing the vulnerability of being known and thus refusing to let one’s ego take personal responsibility. Alternatively, the Omenkiller couldn't live with the psychological damage and take off the mask of a killer after their terrible task was done. The first Omenkiller Rollo is described as “Once a famous perfumer, Rollo imbibed a physick to rid himself of emotion, thus enabling him to enact his nightmarish labor, hunting the Omen”. The Omenkiller wields a pair of Cleavers that are categorized as “Greataxe”, mirrored by Nepheli Loux wielding twin Stormhawk axes.
Multiple weapons related to executions fall into the axe categories. The only place where Omenkillers are present in the Shadowlands is at the Fort of Reprimand conducting executions of Messmer's own soldiers as disciplinary action. Elements of the form and intent of the Omensmirk Mask resemble the Sōmen facial armour of the Japanese samurai class (see photo example of 17th century Edo period mask auctioned in 2024) - for which the Okina Mask is another example within Elden Ring that seems to take similar inspiration. However, it appears to me that the iron colour and texture of the mask resembles that of the executioner employed by Henry Bolingbroke in the production of Shakespeare's Richard II from the 2012 "Hollow Crown" adaptation. When Henry is reclaiming the lands he is owed as Duke of Lancaster he has two men of King Richard’s court beheaded, and is later haunted by that executioner’s mask seen on a face in the cheering crowd after he has overthrown Richard II and been crowned King Henry IV - in the year 1399, in real world terms. It is foreshadowing that more heads will roll as he puts out a bounty on loyalists to Richard who plotted against him. The place where this mask “haunts” the Lands Between is at the Lower Capital Church in Leyndell, for which the humble nature of the church and its simple rough-cut Erdtree iconography as well as its location at the heart of Leyndell implies that it might have been the start of the Erdtree faith that overthrew the dynasty of Serosh.
Omensmirk Mask description: “Mask with long, hideously twisted horns worn by the Omenkillers. Increases strength. Bears the smirking face of an elder, twisted in wicked delight. This visage is carved in the image of the evil spirits that haunt the Omen in their nightmares.”
Shakespeare wrote the play Richard II about two centuries after the events depicted, by which point in time the framing popularized by the Tudor dynasty was to blame Richard II for the following 85 years of civil discord that culminated in the War of the Roses (1455-1487) during the reign of King Henry VI who suffered some form of mental illness as he suddenly became catatonic in 1453. This is the first of two succession crises to the English throne that may have served some inspiration for the Shattering War between demigods in Elden Ring, with the second being that which followed the death of Mary I “Bloody Mary” (1558-1559). Or both may be condensed and combined - “blood roses” are an item that can be harvested in the Lands Between and the First defense of Leyndell is described as “A sovereign alliance rots from within / Traces yet remain of bloody conspiracy”, which may refer to a short-lived alliance between the six demigods known by their thrones in Leyndell.
What I found interesting about the Hollow Crown adaptation in this context is how strongly it leans into visual symbolism such as with the executioner mask. I made a short post about some other parallels back in 2023, which was long before Ben Whishaw - who played Richard II - was cast in the Elden Ring movie adaptation. In another example of the symbolism: Richard II is characterized as being more obsessed with the image of the king and upholding the mythology of the “divine right of kings” rather than good governance, and one of the ways this is expressed is through an interest in portraiture. Early in the production King Richard has commissioned a painting depicting the Christian martyr Saint Sebastian from the 3rd century (patron saint of the plague-stricken) as tied to a tree and shot with three arrows - and subsequently when Richard is assassinated it is by being shot by three crossbow bolts mirroring the painting. Saint Sebastian ultimately died by beheading which relates back to King Henry IV being characterized as one who orders beheadings. Much beheading seems to happen in Elden Ring, from the Mausoleum Soldiers to the stone dragon statues at the Church and Cathedral of Dragon Communion. The name "Rykard" is a variant of "Richard" and similarly the idea of crafting an image through symbolic portraiture is prominent in Volcano Manor and the Round Table Hold.
Looking into it a bit deeper and it turns out that this idea of executioners wearing masks at all is a piece of anachronism - in a town or small city where everybody knows everybody it would be futile to keep such a secret. People known as executioners simply lived with the stigma of their association with death - for some of them such as Thomas Derrick in the Elizabethan era they accepted their first appointment to executioner to escape their own death warrant. Modern adaptations of the era are thought to be based on the late 1800’s when popular opinion turned against public executions, and so executions became private affairs rather than public spectacle and performances depicting past executioners were retconned to have been masked. However, it also tends to be that many of those early executioners have become anonymous in hindsight as their names have been lost to history in favour of the justices and feudal lords who ordered the executions.
Also a point to keep in mind is that in Elden Ring the role of an Omen executioner is being juxtaposed against the Heroic Nepheli Loux for a reason. Nepheli discovers that the Omenkiller is employed by Gideon to commit atrocities at the Village of the Albinaurics as Nepheli is also employed by Gideon. Nepheli can predict her future path if she simply sticks with Gideon - one day sooner or later she will be asked to set aside her emotions to get a job done that goes against her morals, and will become just another faceless killer following orders. Considering that the next place that Nepheli can be summoned is to fight Godfrey, First Elden Lord, the broader implication is that the Omenkiller is re-contextualizing Hoarah Loux. The Omenkiller has no individuality, and in reality neither does Hoarah Loux who had lost his original name and sense of self in the process of accepting the counsel of Serosh and becoming Godfrey.
The Overall Theory (& the object lesson extrapolated from it):
The Omenkiller may represent Hoarah Loux who with the benefit of hindsight is recognized as having committed monstrous acts as Lord Godfrey that increased discord and strife in the Lands Between. At the same time, the sense of anonymity is an acknowledgement that the warrior Hoarah Loux is not the true root of the injustices of the system - it's the system that convinced him that he did not have the capacity to make decisions for himself and needed to maintain vestiges of the previous regime in the form of Serosh acting as his regent.
A regent is a substitute ruler. Serosh acts as a substitute will for Hoarah Loux, Miquella as god substitutes his will for that of Promised Consort Radahn, and Nepheli almost fell into the same trap of letting Sir Gideon Ofnir impose his will over her own. In the Richard II play, King Richard acts as though his actions should be above critique because he is backed by the supreme ruling authority of God - and indeed the Catholic Church is involved in the conspiracy to assassinate King Henry IV in retaliation for taking the throne - whereas King Henry IV is framed as a reasonable man by comparison. In reality both men likely acted in accordance with similar obligations to uphold the will of the Church. Just 2 years after being crowned King Henry IV passed the Suppression of Heresy Act 1400 which censored translation of the text of the Bible from Latin to Middle English at punishment of heretics being burned at the stake. It would not be until the reign of King Henry VIII in the early 1500's that the power of the Catholic Church in England would be dramatically broken up by the English Reformation.
Elden Ring appears to be offering three viewpoints on the template of a paternalistic theocracy. Miquella is literally recognized as the deity who is the supreme ruling authority. Serosh gives Hoarah Loux legitimacy under the rules of the beast theocracy as he begins the process of transitioning to a belief system centred on Marika's Erdtree, but also solidifies in the mind of Hoarah Loux the belief that "a crown is warranted with strength" as the beast regent theocratic framework convinces him that it is his divine right to resolve challenges to authority with an escalation of bloody violence. Sir Gideon Ofnir is a foster father of Nepheli Loux (literally "paternal") who asks her to commit acts that have a cognitive dissonance with the moral compass that she gained through personal experience. With the cautionary tale of her predecessor, Nepheli refuses to become an emotionless killer committing atrocities and when given an opportunity to fly free she is eager to split from Gideon’s influence and try her fortunes elsewhere.
I've found that the shore of Agheel Lake gives the grandest view of Stormveil. The bulging clouds above give great context to the castle's name.
Bridging the gap to Weeping Peninsula, this bridge gives substance to the current ruler of this region; the bannermen of Godrick The Golden impede you from crossing. This fight is unavoidable.
On the other side, a young girl sits next to a ravaged carriage. The servants of Castle Morne have rebelled, and Irina's father, the castellan, is still at the stronghold, defending the castle's legendary armament.
Although the road to Castle Morne is short, it seems the dark of night can hide adversaries around any corner.
After Nightreign was announced but before it released I had solidified my speculation about the Round Table hold being structured as both a 12-tone octave and 12-part zodiac. Since then, I've been working on my "zodiac" guesses for Nightreign.
Character set "A":
Ironeye [Capricornus]
Raider [Taurus]
Wylder [Gemini]
Guardian [Cancer]
Character set "B":
Executor [Libra]
Recluse [Scorpio]
Revenant [Pisces]
Duchess (Priestess) [Aries]
Character set "C":
Undertaker [Virgo]
Scholar [Sagittarius]
Character set "A" are the ones that I am most certain about, Character set "B" I am less certain about, and Character set "C" are my best guess based on the remaining options. Notably: no matter which way they're divided up "10" is too few for the full "12" of the zodiac. Which implies that the possibility has been left open for a 2nd DLC to come along and round out the set.
Set A: "The Fell God" - Armored Core:
Ironeye [10. Capricornus]: His Remembrances have a writing style that recalls the mercenary work of the AC pilots. These pilots typically have a person on their coms - usually a woman - which seems to be the role of "Isolde". In Armored Core V the Zodiac No. 1 AC "Capricornus" has a head part called "Tristan" which is part of a recurring theme where multiple head parts are named for Arthurian knights. The peculiar metal plating incorporated in his design recalls the machined metal parts of the AC units.
Raider [2. Taurus]: Slayer of dragons, based on the horned helm that he wears as a trophy. The Armored Core series despite being sci-fi is still relatively grounded in practicality compared to the earlier King's Field fantasy titles with their dragons and other creatures. One of his callback skins is Havel the Rock from Dark Souls, which previously I had identified as corresponding to Taurus, and another is the Catarina knight which has an appearance of an onion. From AC V the Zodiac No. 5 AC "Taurus" has a head part called "Kurma" in reference to the tortoise avatar of Vishnu, which suits the theme of layers or shells.
Wylder [3. Gemini]: His shield: associated with the number "3" and blowing winds. His Remembrance quest: associated with searching for a twin to his single earring. One of his alternate skins: Artorias the Abysswalker. These signs indicate the mutable wind sign "Gemini", which is typically considered the 3rd sign of the zodiac and conceptualized as communication between the two twins being the present and the past (i.e. delving into the past being like looking into a bottomless abyss). From AC V the second form of the Zodiac No. 6 AC "Gemini" has a head part called "Arthur", which meshes with the Artorias/King Arthur of the Round Table angle. His Remembrance quest takes him to the Eternal City Noklateo, which is counterpart to the twin underground cities from base Elden Ring.
Guardian [4. Cancer]: In the round table room the Guardian is standing at the same spot occupied by Diallos in base Elden Ring, which I had previously identified as associated with zodiac Cancer. From AC V the Zodiac No. 7 AC "Cancer" has a head part called "Rugerro" which is named after a Saracen knight. This aligns with the Guardian having a hint of Arabic to his accent. Also his Darkness garb has the head of a raven and Armored Core pilots were typically called "Ravens" up until Armored Core: Last Raven (2005).
Set B: "The Gloam Eyed Queen" - The Shadows of Armored Core:
Executor [7. Libra]: For this one I'm drawing upon a deeper understanding of the structure of the Roundtable Hold itself. Previously I was puzzled as to what governed the rooms such that the Dungeater associated with the letter "D" for Gemini/Cancer is at the end of the hallway leading to Sir Gideon Ofnir's study, which I had identified as "Taurus". I'm leaning towards incrementing rooms based on distance from the centre round table. So, if Hewg is in the "5: Leo" hallway and Fia in the adjoining room is "6: Virgo", then Executor has set up their easel in the "7: Libra" zone beyond the walls.
See below map labelled from "1" for Aries to "12" for Pisces
Executor having a "beast" form also has synergy with the "Equilibrious Beast" which is revealed to be named "Libra".
Recluse [8. Scorpio]: Scorpio is the sign associated with "mystery" and "magic". For her Darkness garb there are 8 constellations on the underside of the hat. The "bone-like stone" is likely another perspective on Rom the Vacuous from Bloodborne (more association with "8" legged spiders).
Actually, I was looking at her model in game today and although her hat is an 8-sided web, there are 12 silver medallions arranged around the circumference of the upright part. Appropriate since her past self was the "Witch of the Wheel" - that is the witch of the octave. It seemed appropriate that the wheel signboard location also lands on an 8.
Revenant [12. Pisces]: It could be said that her existence is due to a sudden divergence of path as embodied by the death of Chloe and being reborn into a new life as Daphne. But actually the reason I've set this one is almost entirely because Revenant gets connected to the release of Eternal Ring on March 4, 2000 via the Evanescence song "Bring me to Life" from her intro trailer. This is the same year of release as Armored Core 2 in 2000, which I previously calibrated to be associated with Pisces. But on that topic: it is notable that she is associated with names starting with both "C" and "D", because it gives a hint that the tones of the octave around the round table have been shifted in Nightreign compared to the base game. This is more relevant for placing the Nightlords at their respective zodiac positions.
Another possibility is that there is no intention for another DLC, and thus the summons of the Revenant are meant to represent the remaining zodiac spots. There's "Helen, the Agile page", "Frederick the Burly Cook", and "Sebastian the Doting Butler".
Duchess [1. Aries]: As mentioned, Duchess is a puzzling one. I'm placing her at "Aries" based on one particular observation: her pocket watch points to 9'o'clock. That's the same timeframe that "Formless Oedon" era starts on the Astral Clock in Bloodborne, which works out to "Aries" when translated to zodiac, based on the blood moon representing "Cancer" being at midnight.
Set C: The Scholars of the Great Hollow
Undertaker [6. Virgo]: Virgo has some contradictory associations in the zodiac. Sometimes it's connotations of the pious Virgin Mary in the Catholic tradition - or in this case perhaps the nun "Maria" from the "Sound of Music" - and sometimes as an expression of dread Persephone queen of the Underworld. More superficially, Undertaker wields a 6-sided mace and she is introduced in a room associated with Fia, who is another manifestation of "Virgo".
Scholar [9. Sagittarius]: Sagittarius is the house of the zodiac associated with scholarship. Much like "Virgo" is a mutable earth sign, "Sagittarius" is a mutable fire sign. The "fire pot" is the default consumable item available to the Scholar to purchase before boss fights. The room where Scholar can be found is also the room where "D" is found dead - who I previously associated with the mutable air sign of "Gemini".
"Hello darkness, my old friend
I've come to talk with you again
Because a vision softly creeping
Left its seeds while I was sleeping
And the vision that was planted in my brain
Still remains
Within the sound of silence"
- "The Sound of Silence", by Simon and Garfunkel
As I've said before multiple times, I think that Shadow of the Erdtree operates according to a far more surreal set of rules than base Elden Ring. It thrives on referential storytelling. It is the kind of place that will take poetic music lyrics and make them literal.
Each ruin yields a "seed" talisman. Which only reveal themselves after the sound of silence is broken by the sounding of the hanging bells.
The first simple map given by Ymir corresponds to the Finger Ruins of Rhia, from which is retrieved the Crimson Seed Talisman. These ruins are flecked with blue both on location and on the world map, and when reporting back to Ymir he delivers the "Beloved Stardust" Talisman which holds a blue chip in its hand.
Thinking further about this talisman design what stands out about it? The hand is unnaturally pale and withered. As if it's the hand of a body drained of red blood. And what happened to that blood that was drained? Perhaps it went into the making of the red glintstone used in the Crimson Seed talisman.
The second simple map from Ymir corresponds to the Finger Ruins of Dheo, from which is retrieved the Cerulean Seed Talisman. A causal link is implied, by which the Cerulean Seed talisman was fashioned from the stardust excavated from the Rhia Ruins and planted to bring about the vision of gold matching the gold flecks at the Ruins of Dheo on the world map.
Which is also like the gold that Messmer's Eye is made of. Which he grasps in a hand dripping with blood.
I spent some time last night wandering through the area in front of Shadow Keep cleaning up item pickups that I missed previously, and guess what colour of flecks can be observed as filling the sky over the Cathedral of Manus Metyr: the reddish embers of Messmer's Flame.
The embers emanate from the Furnace Golem standing in the middle of the camp in front of Shadow Keep. So the optical illusion is best viewed from a particular vantage point at an Ember of Messmer located on the hill where the Black Knight who drops the Black Steel Twinblade is fought.
Also notable that there is a downed Furnace Golem to the side of the Shadow Keep entrance, which is being patrolled by Messmer Foot Soldiers. Three furnace visages can be pillaged from the ground in this area - one in the location of the first photo, the second in the hand as shown, and a third a short ways closer to the Shadow Keep entrance. I also got one to drop from a Messmer Soldier trapped in the confined space around the right-side arm - uncertain if it's a guaranteed drop or just part of the 8% chance drop table. It's right side leg is detached. There are also good views of Manus Metyr from this location.
Or there's the alternate optical illusion from the other Ember of Messmer in this area, where the floating embers instead encompass both Manus Metyr and Jagged Peak. And indeed if one were to travel to Jagged Peak they would find embers floating in the air at that location.
It's even quite fitting that these embers are associated with optical illusion because that's always what the "Golden Seed" item has been associated with:
"A golden seed, found at the base of an illusory tree. Increases a Sacred Flask's number of uses."
Its Nightreign counterpart the "Golden Sprout" has the following description:
"A golden seed harboring a warm blessing. This one was found on a steep and snowy peak. This seed sprouted despite the harshness of its environment, like youthful potential blossoming in the crucible of adversity. Or, what may be called a miracle."
In short:
1. The Crimson Seed may have been made by draining a body of blood and planted in the ground to attract "stardust"
2. The Cerulean Seed may have been found among the stardust and planted in the ground to attract "runes".
3. The illusory Golden Seed formed by the runes are "planted in the brain" and generate either more crimson or more cerulean depending on flask allocation choices.
I think, however, that it is still a valid question of whether either Manus Metyr or the Jagged Peak are the place most relevant to the origin of the "blood" or "red glintstone" initially used to craft the Crimson Seed Talisman. The other obvious candidate with the far better colour match for it's airborne floating motes would be Charo's Hidden Grave. Which is a thought to follow up on another day, as that is quite the enigmatic area.
It should be noted that the name "Ymir" is in fact a hint at Count Ymir's perspective of all of this. Ymir is the name of the progenitor of all giants in Norse Mythology. The oceans are said to be made from Ymir's blood, and there are conflicting accounts of whether the earth is made from his flesh or the earth is personified as the goddess "Jörð" - mother of Thor. Odin explicitly believes that the earth is fashioned from the flesh of Ymir, as this was a question that featured in a game of riddles between himself and the wise giant Vafthrudnir. Perhaps in a fantasy story it can be reconciled as both, such that after having blood drained and bones removed the remaining flesh became a giant who was elevated to a goddess through association as partner to Odin.
Perhaps Count Ymir believes that as the reincarnated soul of that dead primordial giant it is his right to forever claim ownership and control over what has become of its constituent parts. Even though from his perspective like a Ship of Theseus the "flesh" from his former life has evolved into a form that is unrecognizable, alien, and impossible to communicate with - as expressed through the form of Metyr. Ymir's ego is not satisfied with being a mere obedient child of this "mother earth", he rebelliously wants to become her. And the ridiculousness of that desire is expressed through him getting this grotesque wish granted as Mother of Fingers.
I recently took a stab at making a lore iceberg for Elden Ring. In the process of researching how people typically create lore icebergs I was generally....underwhelmed. As it turns out the vast majority of icebergs are terrible because they start with the obscure fan theorizing even in the top above surface layer, so rather than a gradient of obscurity they end up being a collection of all fandom conspiracy theories all the way down.
But in between the fandom chaos, I also found a Wikipedia entry about "Iceberg Theory" or "Theory of Omission" for writing: "If a writer of prose knows enough of what he is writing about he may omit things that he knows and the reader, if the writer is writing truly enough, will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of movement of an ice-berg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. A writer who omits things because he does not know them only makes hollow places in his writing."
I wonder if FromSoftware have been thinking about this theory of writing for a good many years. Because what better way to test a literary theory than to test it on a blind audience. To keep a firm rule that the writers must not "go Hollow" - must always know what is in those seven-eighths below the surface - and then sit back and see how much of a "feel for things" the unprimed audience is truly able to absorb.
The term was coined by Ernest Hemingway, who wrote the novel "For Whom the Bell Tolls", which features the protagonist "Robert Jordan", which is the pen name under which The Wheel of Time fantasy series was written. From my perspective there are a good many references to The Wheel of Time in Elden Ring. And I find that Elden Ring and Dark Souls both have grafted dozens of references to other fantasy novels into their worlds - all while omitting a textual discussion of how this ties into their persistent themes about research and scholars. All of this context seems to me a demonstration of how an iceberg writing style can contain hidden depth that exists as a vague feeling until a person digs deep enough to grasp the language that more concisely describes the feeling.
Which I guess also says something about the validity of the iceberg theory: the flaw in the theory is that you can't omit literally anything and still communicate intentional meaning to a passive audience. Sure, there is potential for some people who share background elements in common with the writer to feel their meaning quite deeply. To pick up on the symbolic and linguistic cues.
But there are probably a lot more people who latched on to one superficial aspect and are content with assuming that the rest is a hollow that they can imagine as being filled with anything. They have seen sea ice before, and assume that the iceberg works the same way. Unlike a sailor on a ship that strikes a real iceberg, there is no consequence for a bystander dipping their toes into the water on the shore if they fail to identify the scope of what exists under the surface. Though it does tend to result in a "blind leading the blind" situation as ignorant people rarely admit to ignorance if they can acquire more capital by telling comfortable lies about what the iceberg is made of.
In the best written fantasy worlds the magic systems tend to work like the iceberg theory. The flashy spells that the author shows off are the visible 1/8th. The other 7/8ths of the iceberg are the societal consequences of the magic - psychology, biomes, etiquette, evolution, finances, etc. It's this subtext that I think tends to really confuse people unfamiliar with this characteristic of fantasy settings.
As soon as the idea of magic is introduced it must be considered that physics works differently in the fantasy world - and therefore there are characters in universe who operate according to "right" or "wrong" answers about the nature of their own reality. It's an exercise in futility trying to force all of real world physics, genetics, etc to apply exactly as expected in real life to a world which has magical beams and ghosts that can be summoned to fight for you. Rather, fantasy is a collection of "what if" questions that inform the worldbuilding. "What if the dominant lifeforms were tree people and subject to tree lifecycles and pests?" "What if the materials and colours that people wear are a sincere reflection of the principles that they follow (and thus the magic they are capable of)?" People in the Lands Between are a product of their magical environment, and cannot be expected by default to be bound to the same physical and mental restrictions as people in the real world.
It is my observation that some players want the aesthetic spectacle of magic, but they don't want to consider the invisible psychology of magic. So they simply reconcile these desires by ignoring the 7/8ths of the iceberg that informs psychology and replacing it with something more desirable. Then they stumble upon a fringe concept or question in the lore and find that they can't answer it - because they've accidentally shattered the causal link into a disorganized pile of ice chips in the process of blindly excavating their hollow into the iceberg.
Like how one wrong assumption early in a Sudoku puzzle might not reveal itself until several moves later. Then the choices are to either try to backtrack to where the mistake was made, start fresh with a new copy of the puzzle, or give up and try a different puzzle in the future.
Clicked on a video the other day discussing Bloodborne in the context of "The War on Drugs" because I do enjoy other freaks who will do a "hear me out" on comparing elements of FromSoftware games to real world phenomena. A fun meta game of "is this intentional inspiration, or convergent evolution of ideas?"
Decent video, so I checked out what else the gal has worked on and saw this video driving to answer the question "Why is the armour set of Havel the Rock found near the Stray Demon?"
I think that she came up with a really thoughtful storyline. And it got me thinking about why this set piece is like this in the metanarrative context.
From my perspective, the reason why to have a Havel Knight at Archdeacon Peak is to strengthen the connection to the Realm of the Elderlings books from which the original Dark Souls probably got the inspiration for the stone scaled dragons. Like, that the reason why the Havel Knight went through Oceiros and learned how to get to Archdragon Peak is not only that they are eager to slay dragons, but that they were trying to learn more about the origin of the legendary Havel the Rock from whom the armour was inherited.
In Dark Souls 3 alone these are parallels that I note to Realm of the Elderlings:
There's a ruined dragon city in the mountains that can be reached by teleportation, similar to Archdeacon Peak
Dragons metamorphose from serpents in hard stone cocoons spun from sand (and they are "scaleless" until they re-absorb the cocoon to become their adult stone scales), similar to item descriptions about serpents being failed dragons and Seathe and Oceiros being "scaleless" dragons
Some people find the cocoons and harvest the material to build ships - which could easily apply to Havel carving his stone armor considering his enmity with Seathe the Scaleless. Which is re-iterated in DS3 by Oceiros being an optional side boss.
People who become awestruck and live near to dragons physically change into humanoid dragon forms - the titular "Elderlings" - like the function of the dragon torso and head stones.
Pilgrims go to the mountains so that they can become winged creatures in imitation of dragons for a single flight before they die, as the turtle-like pilgrims seem to be attempting and failing because the bridge is broken
1-2 of those features alone is coincidence, but it starts to add up when there's so many in Dark Souls alone, and like 10 other parallels in Elden Ring.
The Stray Demon is one of the few examples in Dark Souls 3 of a boss creature that returns from the previous Dark Souls games. Only in this iteration it is like it's simultaneously calcified into stone and become overtaken by mouldy decay.
The Stray Demon soul being transposed into Havel's Ring may be alluding to it having consumed and absorbed the apparently rock solid foundational philosophy started with Dark Souls that "the more of other people's fantasy fiction the game developers absorb, the more inspiration they have to fashion bizarre and novel weapon and armor sets for their games" - which metaphorically translates to "higher equip load".
As the Stray Demon is also looking quite decayed, perhaps because some aspect of this gimmick had started to fall out of favour with the designers by end of development on DS3. Maybe just the impatience with having Dark Souls 3 as a sequel, meaning that they felt obligated to bring back certain sets for a last hurrah in higher graphic quality, which splits focus with design of new items and ended up that most returning items didn't get a much better explanation than "time is convoluted" for the ways in which they were implemented. Like, this is basically what the video ultimately ended up with for the explanation of how the Havel Knight ended up near the Stray Demon.
Overall, the concept of "equipping more ideas" is similar to what can be seen in Elden Ring with Godrick the Grafted. He has all these hands (and the head of a dragon) and can thus theoretically hold more weapons, but he's still the weakest of the Demigods because he lacks focus of concept. And among other things I find that the shape of Godrick's great rune comprising 3 partial rings that overlap in the middle is a neat shorthand for acknowledging that Dark Souls is a trilogy. Yes you can play each game in isolation - as well-written trilogies of books often are structured so that one can read any part first and then circle back and read the earlier parts to find out more context for what you just read.
Elden Ring - Mountaintops Hand that Smashes a Crow
A strange little setpiece that occurs just outside the "Foot of the Forge" site of grace. There's a crow stabbing its beak at a body on the ground (which holds a Smithing Stone [7]). And then as you approach the crow gets flattened by this hand that was clinging to the side of the giant skull above.
The Finger Creeper lacks the typical gold ring, though it retains the indents where the ring would have been. This particular one is also unusually passive, I watched from a distance as it wandered downhill, then back uphill and retreated into this shadowy corner. And only after it had done this did I notice the tiny cave right next to it.
Approaching the cave leads to two small finger creepers emerging:
From the vantage point of the corpse posed in this cave, there is a thorny obstruction across the southern access point to the Fire Giant arena. The corpse holds a Golden Rune [10].
Back to the vantage point of the corpse that the crow was stabbing at. To the west, there are more large finger creepers on a rock outcrop. To the east the corpse is looking at the chain leading to the Giant's Forge, bisected by some trees. Looking up towards the skull looming above the corpse, and there's an optical illusion that the giant has been impaled in the back by one of the thorny effigies that typically pierces the smaller Fire Giants.
The following is the planned structure for this post and the next couple posts:
Demonstrations of how the sequence of 14 runes on the Astral Clock are used to tell a story of the history of Yharnam (11'o'clock to 5'o'clock)
The mechanics of the Astral Clock as a "Time Machine" & How History is Abyssal from the perspective of the present
The remainder of the 14 runes on the Astral Clock, and what the clock overall communicates about the nature of Oedon (5'o'clock to 11'o'clock)
As a graphical illustration of what's come of this theorizing, here's my current understanding of the critical path experienced by the player navigating the game. Dashed lines indicate jumps forward or backwards in time. The yellow loop is vaguely the projected time span of the detour to Old Yharnam to retrieve the Phthmeru Chalice.
0) Blood Ministration // 1) Father Gascoigne // 2) Vicar Amelia // 3) Shadows of Yharnam // 4) ROM // X) Timeframe glimpsed through Lawrence's Skull // 5) The One Reborn // 6) Micolash // 7) Brain of Mensis // 8) Mergo's Wet Nurse // 9) Gherman // 10) Ludwig & Lawrence // 11) Living Failures // 12) Lady Maria // 13) Orphan of Kos
Probably best approached after reviewing the below:
Part 1: Astral Clock Basics
Part 2: Astral Clock Research and Analysis
A feature unique to Bloodborne is that the lamps used to teleport into various regions of the game are bound to headstones. So naturally these headstones should each generally convey the perspective of a different person who was buried there and the fabric of the game stitches the perspectives together at boundaries where they overlap.
The main assumption of using the Astral Clock to understand the History of Yharnam is that every rune on the Astral clock corresponds to something witnessed in game, which is a distorted remembrance of that history. There are mainly three ways to contextualize that distortion:
Memory is fallible, people internalize and remember the same events in different ways. Taken to surreal extremes, people emphasize or de-emphasize different details in their nightmares based on the same events.
Because history is cyclical, the Astral Clock goes through multiple revolutions before completing its closed time loop.
Because TIME TRAVEL is something to be aware of, some people (for example - Micolash and Ludwig) may be taking erratic non-linear paths through history.
I personally still don't believe that I've internalized enough to stitch together a full and complete timeline. So my goal is to collect what I've gathered so far and think on it some more.
Eye -> Moon -> Communion
A good "proof of concept" example is to examine two cases: circumstances of obtaining the highest tier "Eye" rune available outside of the Labyrinth, and circumstances of obtaining the highest tier "Moon" rune.
Case 1: Symbol juxtaposed with Metaphor
Byrgenwerth is accessed through the Frontier Headstone and culminates in completion of the "Eye" rune. The person buried at this tombstone has strong memories of being a Byrgenwerth scholar. While the Yharnam Headstone mostly features humans, beasts, and giants, this one introduces a wider variety of whimsical metaphors and analogies. Of having finally found their way to a worthy place of learning after navigating a forest full of toxic snakes and fairytale witches. The "Garden of Eyes" fly-men as psychosomatic representations of fellow students who were annoying like the buzzing of flies, or who were perceived as having repulsive plans for applying their education. In contrast, scholar Yurie may be a fond memory of a person who was enjoyable to verbally spar with, represented through a literal sparring match. Master Willem is a mentor to be surpassed but he is not resistant in the slightest - rather he is perceived as a husk consumed by cordyceps and cutting him down is little more than a formality. It is this action that grants the "Eye Rune" as a game object.
Jumping off the end of the pier and into the lake is like being plunged into the deep end with a practical exam to apply what was learned about "insight". In the medical metaphor, it's a dissection of the medical case of ROM the Vacuous. Two major insights were gained as a result of this dissection: the Blood Moon and a glimpse of the Pthumerian Queen Yharnam. In a "Scholar" metaphor, it is an analysis and interpretation of a piece of text, or an archaeological study.
Case 2: Metaphor juxtaposed with Symbol
The Brain of Mensis is accessed through the Nightmare Headstone, and communing with this entity delivers the "Moon" rune. Of the 5 main headstones I would be willing to assume that this one is a freebie about whose perspective is conveyed: Micolash, Host of the Nightmare. His body is the host that the Nightmare of Mensis dwells within, and he haunts the Nightmare himself as a phantom who believes himself to be a lucid dreamer.
What does Micolash want? Eyes on the inside. The concept of "Eye" or "insight" taught by Master Willem having been willfully misinterpreted to the surreal extreme of growing eyes inside the brain. This is the kind of thing that the Frontier Headstone scholar previously found distasteful and imagined in terms of manflies as vectors for spreading frenzy like it's a disease - and that property of frenzy carries over to the Brain of Mensis that was the product of the efforts of the School of Mensis. In the medical metaphor the Choir was interested in dissecting bodies not to gain knowledge that would be valuable for surgeries upon the living, but because they want to make a fantastical Frankenstein and re-animate it.
So the Brain of Mensis is a nightmarish reflection of the "Eye" Rune. Using the "Make Contact" gesture performs an action like rotating a clock from 9'o'clock to 3'o'clock, and results in being granted the symbol "Moon". Defeating the Brain of Mensis grants the Hunter the "Living String" which is a required material to reach the lowest depth of Pthumerians Chalice and encounter Queen Yharnam there. Again, similar to Master Willem the Brain of Mensis does not struggle against being killed as this knowledge of the Living String is conveyed.
Overall, the Nightmare Headstone conveys some overlap of events from the Frontier Headstone, but from a different perspective: the perspective of "hindsight". My impression is that the School of Mensis used their "eyes on the inside" to perceive the opposite side of the clock from their current position. Or in the case of "the One Reborn" they were attempting to create the Great One whose rune they are hearing from the opposite side of the clock. Hence the arms of "Make Contact" rotating the clock face by 180 degrees. The height of the School of Mensis's influence as an institution may be considered to fall more into the region of the clock from 5'o'clock to 8'o'clock, in which the player can perceive what the School of Mensis was thinking between the hours of 11'o'clock to 2'o'clock and led to the creation of the "One Reborn" that you've already encountered.
My guess is that the conceit of the Nightmare of Mensis is that it's showing stuff that never happened in the "real" Yharnam. It's a nightmare. In this case it's a bleak vision of what could be rather than what was. The Abandoned Hunter's Workshop is found in the Unseen Headstone, and the Hunter's Workshop is the player's base of operations since the beginning of the game. The "Hunter" rune at 4'o'clock is approaching the threshold of where cyclical history begins and ends and begins again.
But either way, the end point of "go complete the final Chalice ritual to learn more" is the same. Cross-referencing with the Astral Clock, the next rune is "Communion", for which the symbol is an abstraction of a scene depicting a chalice. And from the description provided with the rune, this "Communion" era of the clock is connected to the height of power and influence of the Healing Church.
There is a kind of synergy between these three particular runes in that they're progressing through steps of a set of instructions. The “Eye” rune is the instruction to obtain insight, which leads to the School of Mensis constructing the Brain of Mensis as a medium through which they believe that they can make contact with a Great One. Communicating with the Brain of Mensis provides the instruction “Moon” which is associated with obtaining more blood echoes. The highest value blood echo item is the Old Great One Coldblood which is found only in depth 5 chalice dungeons.
Communion
"This rune represents the Healing Church and its ministers. Blood ministration is, of course, the pursuit of communion."
Hunter Chief Emblem: "A cloth emblem that belonged to the captain of the Church hunters long ago. Opens the main gate that leads to the round plaza of the Great Cathedral. The main gate is shut tight on nights of the hunt, and could only be opened from the other side with this emblem. In other words, the captain's return, and this emblem, determined the end of the hunt."
Byrgenwerth has had access to the chalices for a while by the time the "Communion" clock region is reached. Indeed, the player can find the first Pthumeru Chalice in Old Yharnam shortly after defeating Father Gascoigne. And they have been using and finding deeper depths to the chalices for all that time. So why then is only this region from midnight to 3'o'clock dedicated to "Communion"? Because the blood ministration used by the Healing Church has a very specific source: Queen Yharnam. Or rather more specifically, the "Living String" who is a living descendant of Queen Yharnam. A living person who can be communicated with. All of Byrgenweth's work up to this point has been related to collecting research data, and now this is when the Healing Church puts it into practice by analyzing the data and trying to synthesize it into a treatment for illness.
The Research Hall is reflective of the activities of the Healing Church more plainly shown as a Hospital setting - corresponding to 3'o'clock in the daytime hours. My guess is that the switch from the "nighttime" to "daytime" register of the clock is another expression of "eyes on the inside". Further speculation on the relationship between the base game and DLC is shuffled off to a future post.
Another thing to briefly point out: the ultimate goal of the Healing Church is framed as a grail quest. A search for the cup with miraculous healing powers from having caught the blood of Christ, and which was originated by Arthurian Legend. Hence why Hunter Chief Ludwig the Holy Blade becomes known for using a straight-up broadsword for a weapon, which is also Bloodborne's version of the moonlight sword that makes recurring appearances in FromSoft's fantasy sword and sorcery games. Discussion of the Tomb Raiding undertaken to find the Chalices in the first place is probably better discussed with the second half of the clock.
Radiance
What comes next is the “Radiance” Rune associated with the Executioner covenant. From here on the runes get trickier to interpret, but like the hieroglyphs of Egypt there’s a good chance that the visual design is based on something that can be traced. Some possibilities:
1) All-seeing eye - symbol that signifies God watching over humanity,
2) Kasa-obake - a type of Tsukumogami (a tool that has acquired a spirit),
3) Pyramid-Head from Silent Hill II - an executioner, from the psyche of a man who killed his ailing wife,
4) An expression of doubling - where 4 rays pass through a lens and split to 8
5) The alchemy symbol for air (or earth inverted).
Certainly the rune is similar to the shape of the Executioner's helmet, and that leads to one of the more promising interpretations to follow up upon: a reshaped gramophone bell.
There are two known NPC's who wear the helmet called the "Golden Ardeo": Alfred and Queen Killer. And both of these characters are indeed associated with killing queens: Alfred kills Queen Annalise of Cainhurst and Queen Killer assists with killing Queen Yharnam in the Labyrinth. Why do they kill queens? I expect because they take the lyrics of the song "Killer Queen" extremely seriously as a threat that needs to be neutralized:
"She keeps her Moët et Chandon
In her pretty cabinet
"Let them eat cake, " she says
Just like Marie Antoinette
...
She's a Killer Queen
Gunpowder, gelatine
Dynamite with a laser beam
Guaranteed to blow your mind
Anytime
Recommended at the price
Insatiable an appetite
Wanna try?
...
Drop of a hat she's as willing as
Playful as a pussy cat
Then momentarily out of action
Temporarily out of gas
To absolutely drive you wild, wild
She's out to get you"
Although the runes of the clock itself were not made with the Old Blood (runesmith Caryll thinks that Master Willem would be very proud of this), the highest tier of many of them were found in the Labyrinth which is also the source of the Old Blood. It has long been my belief that "Old Blood" is metaphorical of "classic rock music". The kind of music produced by real world bands such as Queen. Why fear this Old Blood? Because sometimes tunes with an infectious quality to them are attached to lyrics that convey some ugly ideals when you actually stop to think about them. It can be especially difficult to identify across a language barrier where poorly translated idioms can make something innocuous seem threatening, or hide something prejudiced under euphemisms.
Or bad actors take something written poetically and impose their own biases to twist it into meaning what they want it to mean.
I believe that the overall place of this rune in the timeline relates to the will to defend the integrity of the 14 rune wheel that was constructed. The Golden Ardeo may be considered to act as an "echo chamber" for runes already internalized. The Executioners are dedicated to their own personal interpretations of the Astral Clock recording the inhuman sounds of the Great Ones, and will accept neither alternatives or suggestions that the clock timeline that was constructed is a flawed product of the biases of the Healing Church. They don't think of "blow your mind" as in the idiom of "extreme surprise, wonder and amazement" - they take it as a literal intent to cause harm and act. The Executioners are the kind of people who would take a comedic song about a high-class courtesan - a person who in reality has minuscule social power compared to the kind of men who would call on her - and turn it into paranoia about powerful women inherently having destructive tendencies.
Then again there is another possible interpretation. If the Labyrinth associated with Communion was about pillaging the dead Great Ones, Radiance is about the epiphany that since time is indeed cyclical, people in the present must be living Great Ones. Why bother studying the long dead for their blood when you can skip steps and execute the living? Why assume that the living were trying to communicate as person to person when you can adopt a hostile position of reader vs. writer? When the story gets to complicated to follow, invoke a bad misinterpretation of "death of the author" to be satisfied with the comfortable fictions crafted in an echo chamber rather than try to approach the problem from multiple angles. The Executioners do not want to have "communion" or "dialogue" with the living descendant of Queen Yharnam - they want to kill her and tear out her organs like bloody Jack the Ripper.
[Nameless Rune] following “Radiance”
This rune has no name, which makes it one of the more challenging ones to interpret. It could be destruction of order, or creation of pattern. It could be a tangle of snakes, based on the weird snake enemies like the Shadows of Yharnam, and indeed its placement on the clock is opposite the region of the clock where those snake-ball enemies would have been first encountered in the Forbidden Woods on the path to Byrgenwerth. With knowledge of the future, the centre of the rune resembles the overlap of the three main linked rings of the Elden Ring.
Going back to that thought about doubling from "Radiance", it could be said that this represents a schism in the Healing Church. Essentially this: once the Astral Clock was near complete there was disagreement about what to do about it. Some wanted to divine the future, some wanted to travel to the past, some only wanted to use it to know their current position so that they could purge the "vile blood" that was excluded from the perfect wheel of 14.
A possibility for conceptualizing this schism is through use of the senses. In fact, the four core factions of the Healing Church appear to be well set up for this:
The Choir - no sight, yes sound
The Church Hunters - yes sight, no sound (lost over time)
The Executioners - no sight, no sound (echo chamber)
The School of Mensis - yes sight, yes sound (amplified)
Once the clock runes were assembled, the work of the Choir was more or less done, so I feel that it's the other 3 that are most relevant.
The reason why I say that the Church Hunters have weak hearing is due to three details: Ludwig is a famous composer who began to lose his hearing shortly after composing the Moonlight Sonata, the Black Church Hunter Set has the ears covered in contrast to the choir set having the eyes covered, and shortly before the whirligig saw a dead snail abruptly drops from the sky (loud machinery causes hearing loss and the inner ear has the shape of a snail shell). Ludwig may have decided to use the clock to travel to the past following the guiding moonlight, perhaps hoping to avert the downfall of the Church Hunters that he saw in the making. To him, the Astral Clock is a Stargate. The runes are like an astrological zodiac that help you get to the point in time where you want to go. Like Artorias of Dark Souls, Ludwig became lost in the Abyss of the past.
The Executioners formed a purist cult around taking guidance from the "good blood" and rooting out the "bad blood" - becoming hunters of hunters in spirit if not in name. The Executioner outfit is described as "later became the basis for all Church attire, with its heavy draping of the Holy Shawl" likely because they staged a schism and claimed that they now are the exclusive group with the mandate of Church Hunters. That they also mark themselves with the "Hunter" symbol implies that they likely have no idea where they are on the clock at any given time due to lack of sight or hearing, but they act with such confidence that they cause confusion among everybody. To them the clock might as well be the Tower of Babel, as alluded to by Martyr Logarius having an attack patterned after the Gate of Babylon used by Gilgamesh in the FATE series. Which is again, a series themed around a grail quest.
The School of Mensis saw the Astral Clock as a machine "designed by the Devil and powered by the dead" that could give them the power to look into the future. In other words it's riffing on the plot of the movie the Thirteen Ghosts (2001), in which a set of thirteen ghosts forms the "Black Zodiac". The design of the Mensis cage - and Micolash himself - appears to take some inspiration from the eleventh of the ghosts called The Jackal. Mental hospital patients at risk of biting would be fitted with these cages in the late 1800's, and Micolash is indeed concerned with his "beastliness". So, which rune of the black zodiac is the Micolash rune? "Beast", likely, as Micolash needs to be defeated before reaching the Brain of Mensis and I've already noted where I believe that to be located on the clock. As another note the "Thirteenth Ghost" of the machine that starts its function as a predictive device requires a person to willingly sacrifice themself to it. Which could explain how Ludwig ended up where he did in the timeline: he was the willing sacrifice.
"Hunter" or "Beast"
The "Hunter" rune is used as the game logo, it has some resemblance to a body hanging upside down, it’s a modified symbol from the manga Berserk, it’s the rune of the “Hunter of Hunters” faction, and it represents the story of Gehrman - the First Hunter.
The rune “Hunter” is probably the last discovered to complete the clock, as conveyed by it being described by the generic "Caryll rune" rather than as "A secret symbol left by Caryll, runesmith of Byrgenwerth", by the way that it is immediately adjacent to "one of the early Caryll runes", and by its use in the icon image for the iron used to brand the runes into the brain. It represents the Healing Church completing their version of the zodiac - as it also represents the game Bloodborne itself - and trapping them all in an infinitely repeating nightmare with No Exit. An unending Wild Hunt.
This is likely the rune representing the point in time that the Hunter's Workshop was established as the plague of beasts began. The way that I think of blood ministration is this: it was intended to give people the knowledge to become Kin of the Cosmos. No longer would humans need to learn from books and study - they could simply acquire learning directly from absorbing a scholar's perspective. But mostly it failed as instead it made people hyper fixated on the differences between them. Raw knowledge without the basis of critical thinking to organize and evaluate information is useless. Perhaps people who have not taken Blood Ministration take the appearance of ignorant beasts. After the Blood Moon rises the Hunter becomes a werewolf/beast from the perspective of the Celestial Emissaries and other similar creatures who succeeded in achieving pale blood and transcending the Hunt as they were better able to understand the Great Ones (and the Living Failures who have fooled themselves into thinking that they understand).
"Hunter" is juxtaposed against the next rune "Beast", which is "one of the early Caryll Runes. As well as one of the first to be deemed forbidden. The discovery of blood entailed the discovery of undesirable beasts." The rune may be interpreted as a loose depiction of a virophage. Or more specifically, as the six-tentacled leech-like creature that the Hunter becomes in the "Childhood's Beginning" End.
So, essentially, these two runes would seem to correlate to two of the endings of Bloodborne:
Honoring Wishes ("Hunter")
It starts with a human who is convinced that mostly humans can be sorted into three categories: the enigmatic Great Ones to be feared or worshiped and are impossible to truly understand, the Beasts who are out to hurt you and cannot be reasoned with, only destroyed, and the Hunters like you who share the same point of view. No, not just like you. Your destiny is to replace Gherman and become the Hunter of Hunters contracted to the Moon Presence.
Childhood’s Beginning ("Beast")
It starts with a human, but through becoming a Hunter of Hunters the human embraces devolution into a beast. All other humans past and present become like savage beasts, there is nothing “great” about the Great Ones - they are just more prey to be slaughtered at will in this dog eat dog world. All humans are just meat to be consumed so there is no sense respecting the living or the dead - don't think about what the umbilical cords represent just eat eat eat. Act like a beastly and thoughtless child, and a beastly child you shall become. One of the lowest order of the animal kingdom - a leech. A bloodletting beast. But still the Doll believes that the Hunter has the capacity to become a Great One if they are treated gently in their next life.
In game mechanics terms, I expect it's conceptualized that the first ending is completed without accessing the DLC, then Hunter's Nightmare tombstone is representative of Gherman's grave and the perspective uncovered there synchronizes best with the second ending. I mean, that it's appropriate that hunting the Moon Presence and Lady Maria should happen in the same game cycle, for reasons related to the "Beast's Embrace" Rune.
And then the third ending has no rune because it's the one that follows the sun and finds the exit to the Astral Clock at 6'o'clock.
Yharnam Sunrise
It starts with a human who was raised by the Doll and thus taught all of the history of Yharnam from a state of being a blank slate. Naturally, the Doll would know the secrets of the Astral Clock, because she is modelled on Maria of the Astral Clock Tower. The human grows to comprehend the Great Ones, and to no longer see prey when they look at other humans, but instead to see people whose point of view is worth trying to understand. They understand that the Moon Presence is only an enemy if that is how she is perceived, and understand why consuming the umbilical cords leads to that shift in perception. They accept Gherman's offer to leave the false world of illusions and phantasms and face reality.
Beast's Embrace
Notably those first two endings both end with the Hunter being Captured by the Game. Which would seem to suggest a double-entendre to the name "Beast's Embrace". It's you the player who is the "Beast" being embraced, whether it be by the Moon Presence or by the Doll. Which are essentially two aspects of the same entity anyways. While at the same time the player is embracing the role of themself as a Beast "leech" because they have not yet completed evolution to a Great One.
The description of this rune calls it the “Foundation of the Healing Church”. Which seemingly presents a paradox because this rune occurs around 4:30am - just after sunrise - and according to the clock the Healing Church has been active since 1:00am. There are a few ways to approach this:
The Beast's Embrace rune is obtained from Lawrence, the First Vicar, whose skull is found literally at the foundation of the Healing Church. That is, it is found at the base of the elevator to the Research Hall, which is emblazoned with the Communion Rune that is explicitly a symbol associated with the Healing Church. The Research Hall is another perspective for the activities of the Healing Church at the "Communion" span of time. Not only were they exploring the Labyrinth for blood - they were also starting to administer to patients.
Time is cyclical, but the cycle needs an entry point even if there is No Exit. The Beast's Embrace rune at 4:30am would be representative of the player's introduction to Yharnam at the very beginning of the game after receiving Blood Ministration. Once a revolution has been completed, Beast's Embrace is re-contextualized as the story of those who don’t wake up and instead embrace the nightmare.
According to the placement of the hands on the clock, "Beast's Embrace" also refers to the point in time when the player commits to fighting Lady Maria in bloody battle. From a certain point of view, she's performing bloodletting on herself throughout the fight. The "Bloodletting Beast" elsewhere is encountered in the Labyrinth and has been noted to have a skull in the shape of "Lawrence's Skull" as first encountered on the altar by Vicar Amelia.
Given the placement of the "Communion" Rune in the Research Hall and Maria at the "Beast's Embrace" Rune, this also implies that the sightless and earless Living Failures and their wilting sunflower tree may be another perspective on the echo chamber of the "Radiance" Rune.
When Lawrence is encountered it is at a point in time where he has bridged the gap between 5'o'clock and 11'o'clock. He is perceived as a having beastly ignorance, naturally, because the version of himself at 11'o'clock has not yet completed the lesson of "Insight". He is perceived on fire because by 5'o'clock the Hunter's Dream has been lit on fire. Analogous to the Old Yharnam being burned down, soon to be replaced by the New Yharnam and the start of a new Hunt.
If all goes as planned, I'll take a tangent into describing how and why the mechanics of using the Astral Clock are much like an Abyss, and probably some more about the overall framing device that I suspect for Bloodborne. And then give an overview of my thoughts on the remaining runes.
One of my Elden Ring posts stuck in editing hell is - generally - about Wolves, Old Fangs, and Shadows.
The problems with this post is framing. I want to talk about how the Genesis album "Trespass" has some evocative lyrics about wolves in the song "White Mountain", and I suspect that other songs on the album inspired something of the narrative in Caelid and Mountaintops of the Giants. But part of the reason I came to this conclusion is as the result of a very whimsical series of decisions that are absurd to justify. Which means that to do the topic justice I feel that it needs to also point at a specific character (or characters) who can match that level of whimsy.
So, I'm just going to ramble a bit to myself about the information gathering process.
Why Genesis? Because I was working on a project to make a playlist with 365 music artists for 365 days and figured I should challenge myself to find some songs from progressive rock bands that I hadn't heard before.
Why Trespass? Because for data analysis purposes I had a big spreadsheet full of year/month/day data for when FromSoft has released games. Going chronologically Trespass was the second studio album by Genesis (October 23, 1970) and their first album to have been released on the same calendar day as a FromSoftware game. Two, actually: Shadow Tower Abyss (October 23, 2003), and Tench 4: Shadow Assassins (October 23, 2008).
Why would I ever even attempt to match dates like that?
i) I have a habit of obsessively organizing data when I'm feeling stressed about work and such. I was listening to a livestream where the topic of FromSoftware's game catalogue was brought up, and how their early years of output were really weird. So I made a spreadsheet about it collecting release dates so that I could crunch data.
ii) Oddities came up in the release date data for FromSoft games. In the early years they released an unusual number of games on the 4th of the month, considering that "4" is usually an unlucky number in Japan due to associations with death. Then they switched to favouring "24" in the late 2000's. When looking up info on Metal Wolf Chaos XD I stumbled upon some commentary about how it's a game about a reckless and destructive American President and released on the anniversary of the first atomic bomb. I had the bright idea to "follow the guiding moonlight" and check moon phase data, which yielded some interesting dates connected to eclipses and blood moons. I also reasoned that even if these were somehow all coincidences, they are still freely available for an artist to exploit for worldbuilding purposes.
iii) It's like how sometimes you go to a website and it has a "this day in history" widgit - sometimes they are political events and sometimes pop culture. Album release dates are just another form of data. I was already spotting allusions to fantasy-themed music in the contents of Elden Ring itself. I guess I figured that I would first anchor a bunch of albums to the release dates of specific games and see if any noticeable trends appeared. Like, The Beatles emerged as a front-runner, and I first looked at them mostly because I heard that their producer was named George Martin and thought "wouldn't that be a neat coincidence for an artist to exploit...?". And only at the end of the writing process did I learn that George RR Martin himself wrote a 1980's thriller novel that in part reflects upon the legacy of The Beatles.
iv) I was thinking of testing the theory with a band that I had zero previous attachments or pre-conceptions about. Genesis is a band that I've heard mentioned by other bands that I like, but otherwise I couldn't name a single song or album by them. And if nothing in particular came out of it, no big loss since I still needed a song for my playlist project.
Why "White Mountain"? I listened to the full album on repeat for a full day in the background of my other tasks, and apparently internalized none of the lyrics. When I actually sat down and read through them I realized that the reason this song had been especially hard to recall is that it's a verse-only song that tells a story, so there was no repeating chorus to latch onto. It reminded me most of Sonata Arctica's wolf songs (Ain't Your Fairytale, The Last Amazing Grays, The Wolves Die Young, Blood, etc) except more in the genre of folk rock than melodic metal. Also keeping in mind the particular titles of the FromSoft games released on October 23 and that wolves are the "shadows" of empyreans.
Like, these are songs that aren't really about wolves behaving like real wolves, they're about imposing human concepts onto the aesthetic image of "wolf". It is attractive to read some kind of biblical allegory onto White Mountain because of the coding from “Genesis” and “Trespass”, and the mention of "sin" in the lyrics. But it's oddly done compared to the norm for worship hymns. Anti-religious or a dreamlike speculative religion might be the way to describe it, which comes through more clearly in another set of lyrics from "Visions of Angels" on the same album: "Some believe that when they die they really live. I believe there never is an end. God gave up the world its people long ago. Why she's never there I still don't understand".
Anyways, the reason to bring this up now it that back when I was listening to "Trespass" I got distracted and forgot to look forwards for matching dates with any other studio albums from Genesis. And there was indeed one that I missed: "Duke" in 1980 released on the same calendar day as....Bloodborne. March 24th.
The second song of the album is titled "Duchess". Like, how there's a central character known as Duchess in Nightreign:
So what's most interesting about this is that makes 2 Nightfarers who can be directly connected to music that released on the same calendar day as a FromSoftware game. The other that I currently know of being "Eternal Ring" and the Evanescence album "Fallen" on March 4. As well as what I noted previously that the release date of Nightreign itself was on the same calendar date as the release of the Blondie album "Panic of Girls" in which the painted character in the album art uses the same general colour scheme as the Duchess character.
Fun thing about words describing abstract metaphysical concepts: it's a fool's errand to lock down a single meaning. Grace is not a real thing, and thus everybody is free to pick their own definition. However, some definitions gain more traction than others, because they "ring true" to more people and thus stay in the popular culture.
So I thought, why not examine a possible meaning of the "Guidance of Grace" in the context of the song "Amazing Grace", lyrics written by John Newton around 1772:
"1 Amazing grace (how sweet the sound)
that saved a wretch like me!
I once was lost, but now am found,
was blind, but now I see.
2 'Twas grace that taught my heart to fear,
and grace my fears relieved;
how precious did that grace appear
the hour I first believed!
3 Through many dangers, toils and snares
I have already come:
'tis grace has brought me safe thus far,
and grace will lead me home.
4 The Lord has promised good to me,
his word my hope secures;
he will my shield and portion be
as long as life endures.
5 Yes, when this flesh and heart shall fail,
and mortal life shall cease:
I shall possess, within the veil,
a life of joy and peace.
6 The earth shall soon dissolve like snow,
the sun forbear to shine;
but God, who called me here below,
will be forever mine."
As a brief biography of John Newton: he was raised at sea by his father from age 11 onwards, became a slave ship captain, turned abolitionist, converted Christian and hymn writer.
Verse 1: What is a wretch in Elden Ring? A near naked person with no thoughts except beating people to death with a wooden club shaped like a fish/whale.
Does grace have a sound? Yes, you can hear it in the Round Table Hold. Is sight important in contrast to blindness? Yeah, pay attention to the field of view at every site of grace (i.e. the teleport points) to understand more about why it was placed in that specific location. Environmental storytelling is important.
Is it relevant that the lyricist was a ship captain? It would seem to be, because Marika sent Godfrey and the Tarnished out to sea. Think of Melina's appearances as a representation of Marika being bound to sites of grace. Things within line of sight of sites of grace, or enemies who generate a site of grace upon defeat are indicators of Marika's conscious Will. Everything that is not within eyesight of a site of grace (statistically, a lot more things) may be representative of unconscious desires that Marika/Radagon have forgotten or intentionally suppressed, which conflict with conscious desires until reaching the point of a mental break, and which may be more obvious from a third person perspective (the Tarnished) who is called in to navigate the whole tangle.
Verse 2: "'Twas grace that taught my heart to fear" Elden Ring is very much concerned with the concept of "heart". They're jarring hearts in the Shadowlands. Marika walking through the divine gate as the "successful" shaman being representative of a change of heart. As I've seen pointed out recently, the dead wood at the centre of a tree is called the "heartwood", and the centre of the Erdtree is a hollowed out cavern.
Verse 3: Where is grace leading you, ultimately? Home under the honeyed rays of gold, Melina's home/birthplace at the foot of the Erdtree.
Verse 4: Elden Lord, I suppose?
Verse 5: Well, Morgott is the veiled Monarch...huh, okay well maybe Morgott can be thought of as the wretch in question for the purposes of the song narrator. He...does walk around wearing minimal clothing. And has attacks in common with Demi-human Swordmaster Onze - which thereby makes the connection to the club wielding demi-humans. Also known as the "Grace Given Monarch"....
Actually, makes more sense in context of Verse 4 because Morgott does not claim the title of Elden Lord for himself. I guess Godfrey is still who he considers the rightful Lord, based on their one interaction. And the Golden Phantom Godfrey.
I mean, I know that this verse is more in the context of "beyond the veil (of death)", but like, all of Elden Ring takes place in the mass grave of mythology anyways so that's kindof a given.
Verse 6: Even the final verse is unusually apropos. Godwyn as the eclipsed sun who no longer shines. Marika is "The World" who contains the Elden Ring, and she dissolves in the hands of the snow-witch themed Ranni. Elden Ring is literally a search to find a god who has called the Tarnished.
In my first post I covered the "Where", "What", and "Who" of the Astral Clock. Now I will examine "How" and "When".
What I mean by "How" is a meta question: how might the artists behind Bloodborne have developed the idea of the Astral Clock? What cultural ideas might have been drawn together that resulted in this final form? And what I mean by "When" is a game mechanic question - the Astral Clock as an expression of time of day as experienced throughout the game critical path.
How is the Astral Clock?
The visual design of the astral clock appears to have been inspired by a particular astronomical clock. The oldest and most well-known astronomical clock is found in Prague and dates to 1410. The outer border of the top section of the clock represents the time of day according to Ancient Czech time, which rotates at different rates throughout the year as it is calibrated to show the time remaining until the next sunset. The bottom section of the clock shows all days of the year around its outermost border, allegories for each of the months in the large set of 12 circles, and depictions of the zodiac signs in the small set of 12 circles.
Another example of an Astronomical clock is found at the Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg in France. It has had a number of refurbishments over the years:
First astronomical clock since 1354
2nd astronomical clock since 1574
3rd astronomical clock since 1843
Something noteworthy about this cathedral is that parts of the front facade are found on this one building found in Anor Londo in Dark Souls - there’s the rose window, the rare architectural detail of vertical spikes above the door, and the statue niches flanking either side of the door. Although the area above the rose window is different, as if a second cathedral was stacked on top of the first one. Other significance notes about the Cathedral in Strasbourg are that opposite doors of the cathedral are dedicated to the death of the Virgin Mary at the south portal and to St. Lawrence the martyr at the north portal, which could be paralleled in Lady Maria and Laurence the First Vicar. Except in the case of Bloodborne it's more like Lady Maria in the ethereal "Heavens" and Laurence in firey "Hell".
But, the astral clock does not function like a simple clock that tells the time of day or time of year. Rather, it opens a portal to send the player to a destination based on what was dialed. In other words, it operates like a Stargate.
Stargate SG-1 is a TV show that ran for 10 seasons from 1997 to 2007. The titular Stargate is a wormhole between two points in space, and the location is reached by spinning the outer ring to “dialing” a set of coordinates by locking in the symbols around the border of the gate which represent constellations. The Astral Clock face spins around to dial its destination - travelling back in time to visit a memory - which in both cases is like an old school rotary phone is dialed by spinning around the circles.
Another kindof related thing is that when activated the surface of the Stargate appears like a rippling pool of water, and there are certain locations in Bloodborne which are reached by teleportation via stepping into or out of a pool of water.
Something to mention here is that Stargate is pretty Egyptian themed. There are these parasitic snakes and they take people as host bodies and live for thousands of years, so way back in the day a bunch of them were on earth and were basically gods to the people of Egypt. Like Ra, Osiris, Set, Anubis, Hathor, and with the first main antagonist of the TV Show being Apophis the snake-themed god of darkness.
There’s this thing in the show that whenever Apophis shows up he gets his leitmotif played and it reminded me of this one phrase in the Bloodborne End Credits theme. A side by side comparison:
That connection to Egypt is the next element to cross-reference. I’m not sure how common knowledge it is, but with Bloodborne taking place in the 1800’s in England that was the same time period as a wave of Egyptomania. The Rosetta Stone was first made accessible for study in 1803 and researchers spent the next century using it to translate hieroglyphs and recover information about the ancient Egyptian culture and gods that had been lost to the sands of time. The Great Ones who sing their runes are framed as basically Lovecraftian Old Ones who live outside of time. And it turns out that Lovecraft was inspired by the literal timeless and mysterious Egyptian gods that were popular in the zeitgeist of Victorian England. Hieroglyphs and Egypt feature in Lovecraft’s stories “Dagon” and “Nyarlathotep”, and then a couple years after the discovery of the tomb of King Tutankhamun he was commissioned to ghostwrite an adventure story for Harry Houdini called “Imprisoned with the Pharaohs” which in Lovecraft style features the indescribably horrifying creature that the Sphinx was based on (this one I learned about from Overly Sarcastic Productions videos on Mummy Stories). The timeline of these works and events, for reference:
Rosetta Stone displayed in London (1803)
Dagon (1917) - Hieroglyphs mentioned
Nyarlathotep (1920) - Egypt mentioned
Discovery of King Tutankhamun’s tomb (1922)
Imprisoned with the Pharaohs (1924)
Call of Cthulhu (1928)
One of the unique features of Bloodborne is the infinite dungeon system called “The Old Labyrinth”, or the “Chalice Dungeons” where can be found the ancient civilization of the Pthumerians. Basically, the whole setup of raiding ancient civilizations is analogous to the pillaging of tombs from Ancient Egypt of 3000BCE, except that its naming convention is based on the even older ancient Sumerian civilization from around 5000BCE. The Chalice Dungeons are the source of the highest tier of Caryll Runes, which are representational runes similar to the hieroglyphs used in the Egyptian writing system.
A final point to consider in this section: for Bloodborne being a game so musical in theme and with the amount of care put into the soundtrack, the influence of music artists should get its consideration. For precedent of Japanese media taking inspiration from English-language music, see JoJo's Bizarre Adventure. After all, FromSoftware does scatter JJBA references across their games.
Firstly, there's Rush. I've brought up Rush repeatedly in connection to Bloodborne and Elden Ring. The Rush album cover for their final album "Clockwork Angels" (2012) provides an example where the expected numerals on a clock face have been replaced by abstract (in this case - mostly alchemical) symbols, and yet it is still subtly used as a clock. The clock hands point to the time 21:12, which is the title of Rush's breakout 4th album. There are also 12 symbols for 12 songs on the album.
With the power of hindsight I'm also now looking back on the lyrics of the song "Freewill" from album "Permanent Waves" (1980) and it's easy to draw comparisons between the "celestial voice" and Bloodborne's "Great Ones". As if the game is taking place from the warped perspective of a person suffering religious paranoia and seeing "Holy Horrors" and "malign Gods" lurking in every dark corner.
"There are those who think that life has nothing left to chance
A host of holy horrors to direct our aimless dance
A planet of playthings, we dance on the strings of powers we cannot perceive
The stars aren't aligned or the Gods are malign, blame is better to give than receive
You can choose a ready guide in some celestial voice
If you choose not to decide, you still have made a choice
You can choose from phantom fears and kindness that can kill
I will choose a path that's clear, I will choose Freewill"
- Freewill, Permanent Waves (1980)
But rather than just describing what freewill is not, the song also describes what it means to choose freewill. Making reference to scientific knowledge, while also acknowledging that outcomes are far from certain and awareness is imperfect, but people make their own meaning through the hunt itself: "Each of us, a cell of awareness, imperfect and incomplete. Genetic blends with uncertain ends on a fortune hunt that's far too fleet".
Blondie's 7th album "No Exit" (1999) references the Sartre play famous for the line "Hell is other people" - pulling in both the nature of the Astral Clock as trapping Yharnam in Samsara with no exit and Lady Maria's contempt for the terrible things that humans do when in pursuit of a hunt. The hit single "Maria" could not be more appropriate for describing the dynamic at play between Lady Maria and the doll made in her image: "Maria, you've gotta see her - Go insane and out of your mind - Regina, Ave Maria - A million and one candle lights - (Ooh, don't you wanna make her?) - (And don't you wanna take her home?)". Also the motif of bells in the song, compared to Lady Maria being found in a clocktower belfry.
How about the lyrics for the song "No Exit" as a descriptor for the Hunter hunting all night long: "There's no sin in this: getting dressed to kill, laughing down the sun like a jackal will. With his eyes ablaze and his lips apart he's going to fill his cup with the love in your heart and drink it up till the morning starts".
Or the first song of the album "Screaming skin" with again lyrics framing existence in the terms of biological knowledge: "I'm a multicellular individual. You're way out of proportion! We've got the hemodynamic connection. Don't call me germ!"
The medical metaphor reading of Bloodborne has been investigated at length by Charred Thermos on Youtube.
I've known of the album "Communion" (2008) by Septicflesh basically since the year of its release. It's an album themed around communication with non-human entities. I mean, just look at this track list where every single song could thematically apply to either the Astral Clock, the Labyrinth of the Gods where the highest tier of Caryll Runes are found (with 3 exceptions), or both.
1. "Lovecraft's Death"
- The "Great Ones" compared to Lovecraft's "Old Ones"
2. "Anubis"
- Egypt, Egyptomania, Hieroglyphs
3. "Communion"
- Like the name of the rune
4. "Babel's Gate"
- This is the Astral Clock in its totality. A confusion of sounds or voices.
5. "We, The Gods"
- Gods send their instructions to the chose few through dreams. Bloodborne is a Hunter's dream/nightmare.
6. "Sunlight/Moonlight"
- The Astral clock is not a mere 12-hour clock - it can be divided into a 24 hour clock that encompasses the hours of the sun and the hours of the moon.
7. "Persepolis"
- A great city that disappeared into the sands is the descriptor applied to Ailing Loran in the chalice dungeons.
8. "Sangreal"
- Chalice that caught the blood of Christ (according to Arthurian myth), again the chalice dungeons are like a quest for the holy grail.
9. "Narcissus"
- A tale of Narcissus and Echo. Blood Echoes. Narcissus himself speaks words and perceives them as the individuality of another person. The horrifying truth of Bloodborne is that the "Great Ones" are not some mysterious "other" - because history is cyclical in nature, the "Great Ones" are simply the stories of the NPC characters, having been distorted as they echoed across time.
Lastly, I'm including "TRIPtych" (1999) by The Tea Party. It's an album that I've been familiar with for a long time, and by chance I ended up finding it again when browsing through physical CD's at my parents house. It's only with context of this research project that I recognized that Astrological clock from Prague. This too is an album themed around clocks and zodiac, where the 12 songs on the album presumably each correspond to a zodiac sign - but that's an exercise for the listener to determine. With what small amount that I know from them it hadn't occurred to me that the band's music would be considered occult and alchemical in nature until I saw them play at a local music festival a couple years ago and singer Jeff Martin made a joke about "black magic" before starting into the song "Temptation" from the preceding album "Transmission" (1997). Particular songs of note on TRIPtych would be "Underground" with lyrics about searching for sound, "Heaven Coming Down" which was the hit single nominated for a music award and also through the lens of occultism has had comparison made to Thelema, "The Halcyon Days" about a soul that burns in the cthonic realm of the dead after having a dream shattered, "Samsara" about being unable to reconcile the teachers of dreams with the pain and suffering of life, and "Chimera" which points to how it might not even be Bloodborne where this album is fully leveraged - it's Elden Ring where Radagon is connected to the concept of a chimera via the Leonine Misbegotten being tagged as "RadagonChimera" in internal game files.
I do not expect that these are all of the musical inspirations relevant to Bloodborne. These aren't even all of the ones that I personally have noticed in Bloodborne - just the ones most relevant to the Astral Clock. Although if there's one other reference that I think really ties the whole music-themed narrative together with the Faustian bargain between First Hunter and Moon Presence it would be the 1974 cult horror movie The Phantom of the Paradise.
When is the Astral Clock?
The main gameplay loop of Bloodborne takes place over the course of a single night. The sky changes after various checkpoints: “Evening” ends after defeating Father Gascoigne and entering Oedon Chapel, “Sunset” ends after defeating Vicar Amelia and touching the skull of Lawrence, there is a normal full moon in the sky during the “Nightfall” time period until defeating Rom the Vacuous, and then the “Blood Moon” continues until sunrise.
As a baseline for calibration I have checked the time of sunrise and sunset in London, England on the day of release for Bloodborne - March 24, 2015. Sunrise was at about 5:30am and Sunset at about 6:30pm. This gives some general parameters for how the Astral Clock may be split as a 12-hour clock.
Evening (4:30pm - 6:30pm)
Ends with defeat of Father Gascoigne
Sunset (6:30pm - 8:00pm)
Ends with defeat of Vicar Amelia
Nightfall (8:00pm - Midnight)
Ends with defeat of Rom the Vacuous
Blood Moon (Midnight - 5:30am)
Ends with end of game
Yharnam Sunrise (5:30am)
Also accounting for the positioning of the hands of the clock, after the beginning cutscene concludes the player enters the streets of Yharnam at about 4:30pm at the “Beast’s Embrace” rune then defeats Father Gascoigne around 6:30pm. What follows is the sort of twilight time of day that occurs just as the sun is setting - I’ve placed the defeat of Vicar Amelia at about 8:00pm on the basis that there is a mysterious unnamed Caryll Rune at this location and I am inferring that it’s representative of a decapitated head placed on an altar.
What I am most certain of is that the “Moon” Rune at 12’o’clock Midnight is representative of the Blood Moon rising. After this point in time the player do be communing with a sequence of the most bizarre and eldritch looking bosses in the game, in which the last boss would be Mergo’s Wet Nurse if the Yharnam Sunrise ending is selected. The span of time between midnight and 3’o’clock am is sometimes referred to as the “Witching Hour” where all kinds of weird stuff happens.
Closing Thoughts
Revisiting the question of “What is the Astral Clock” from the previous post, but this time digging deeper. Previously I said that it is: a clock, a set of 14 runes, a locked door, and an origin story for Lady Maria. With a higher amount of confidence, I would now say that the Astral Clock records a History of Yharnam, that it is a time machine, that is is a gate to the Abyss (more on that to follow), and that it is an “Oedon” - a mixed-up "singing place" which in Greek is called an "Odeon".
Next post discussing the 11'o'clock to 5'o'clock runes complete now
I spent a good year fascinated by the clock, did a lot of research about it, and now I have thoughts and theories to present. This first post will go over the basic "Where", "What", and "Who" aspects of the clock. A second post will discuss "How" and "When". And then additional posts revisiting "What is it" by examining each rune in closer detail with newfound context.
Where is it?
It is found in at least 2 different places in the overworld:
In the Old Yharnam area as the crowsnest where Retired Hunter Djura has his gattling gun set up to attack trespassers.
In the Cathedral Ward area of new Yharnam.
And then the inside of the clocktower can be reached in the Bloodborne Old Hunter’s DLC at the end of the Research Hall beyond a garden of Living Failures, and guarded by Lady Maria.
What is it?
A sequence of 14 Caryll Runes which are typically transcribed from inhuman sounds - some of them associated directly with the “Great Ones” and others which are associated with specific characters.
A clock, allegedly. It can even be seen in one location of the game that the Astral Clock was built in front of an ordinary clock which has stopped at about 34 minutes past 9’o’clock.
A locked door beyond which is found a fishing hamlet and a beached dead god infested with parasites.
An explanation for how Lady Maria ended up in this room guarding the clock from trespassers who like to meddle with corpses.
Who built it?
Likely, one of the Healing Church factions, which was started by former students of Byrgenwerth College. Throughout the Research Hall are these floor markers featuring the "Communion" symbol. This pictograph appears to be a simplified version of the Healing Church symbol shown on the Hunter Chief Emblem - linking the two ideas.
About half of these runes on the clock are credited as being discovered by Runesmith Caryll of Byrgenwerth, and the others are Caryll runes inscribed by other people. The Guidance Rune was envisioned by Ludwig, the Holy Blade, who was leader of the Church Hunters. The Beast’s Embrace Rune is associated with Lawrence, the First Vicar of the Healing Church. The Hunter Rune that is the logo of the game also was not described as being envisioned by Caryll, but it IS found incorporated into the armor design of the Executioners.
Speaking of the Executioners, they have a strong connection to the the clock. The Astral Clock has 14 runes on its border, and the Executioners are represented by the image of a Wheel with 14 spokes, and also by the Radiance Rune which shows up at about the 3’o’clock position on the clock.
There are several Caryll Runes in game that are not shown on the clock, including the three runes Impurity, Blood Rapture, and Corruption which are tied to factions who are enemies of the Executioners.
Overall in universe: the clock was created by people who believe in the power of runes - and that a particular set of 14 runes are the immutable ones that are re-occurring in an endless cycle. The cycle is zealously enforced by the Executioners. Anyone who attempts to speak other runes - other narratives - into existence is to be punished with execution. For better AND for worse the cycle MUST be followed. This is why Bloodborne is such a grim nightmare purgatory - if runes that have already happened in the past are all that is allowed for the future, then there is no future. There is no freewill, just puppets acting their roles.
Because I think that is the meaning of "rune" that is commonly overlooked in the Bloodborne fandom. A rune is not just a mysterious letter of a magical alphabet, it is also a poem or a song - a narrative - that has been simplified and simplified into a pictograph that recalls the memory of the story. The Great Ones sing their parts of the story and the runesmiths transcribe them.