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bpdbobbidiboo

nun-spam

Time Magazine once described Mother Angelica as “arguably the most influential Roman Catholic woman in America.”

mjwatson

IAN MALCOLM IN JURASSIC WORLD: FALLEN KINGDOM

ranger-of-the-cretaceous

Darius: Now that we reunited again we can finally have some peace.

E750-Dinosaur in Season 3 be like:

fayriequeene

🌸 I made myself a comb with real flowers 🌸

goodnewsfeedorg

Someone needs to read this right now. Don’t go back. https://ift.tt/2xc9ti2

ladygobpire

somebody literally died for you and you’re gonna choose the loser who wants you imprisoned with him 😔 that’s cringe bro

honeypotsweetpea

i love where i live ♡

myhoneststudyblr

my masterpost | my studygram | ask me anything

[click images for high quality]

Other advice posts that may be of interest:

How To Stop Procrastinating

How To Study When You Really Don’t Want To

My Experiences With GCSEs

byaseashore

The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (2005)

southernsuns

“not all men” you’re right. king edmund the just, duke of the lantern waste, count of the western march, and knight of the noble order of the table would NEVER treat me like this.

a-pop-of-korean

Hi! Hope this isnt a bother, kindly take your time to answer this. Does the meaning of '좋겠다' change with context? Could you explain? Thank you!!

Hi! I do think that 좋겠다 can mean slightly different things depending on the context. Alone, it means “it seems good” or “would be nice” or “must be nice” or even “I’m jealous,” something like that. For instance:

Person 1: 나 남자친구 있어. = I have a boyfriend.

Person 2: 좋겠다! = That must be nice! / That sounds great! / I envy you!

Often, you’ll here [verb / adjective stem] + 좋겠다, which means “I wish…” For example:

These sentences are from from Naver Dictionary:

나는 키가 더 컸으면 좋겠다. = I wish I were taller. (literally “It would be nice if I were taller”)

나는 버스가 어서 빨리 오면 좋겠다. = I wish the bus would hurry up and come. / It’d be nice if the bus would hurry and come.

It could also be used when you want to say that you “better do something.” Simply attach -는 게 좋겠다 to a verb stem! Here’s another sentence from Naver:

시간이 늦어지고 있어. 우리 떠나는 게 좋겠다. = It’s getting late -- we better get going.

Those are the main usages of 좋겠다 -- thanks for the great question! If you want to know some more about just -겠다 alone, check out my lesson about it below! Hope this helped!! 화이팅!

Level 5 / Lesson 4: -겠다 (Future Tense)

macaron-latte

Hey everyone, if you’re looking for Japanese textbooks but can’t afford them, here’s a Google Drive folder full of PDFs of textbooks like Genki, Tobira, Japanese for Busy People, Integrated Approach to Intermediate Japanese, and even the Dictionary of Japanese Grammar series.

inky-duchess

Fantasy Guide to Letters and Correspondences

In fantasy as well as history, people would communicate through the written word. Letters have been one of history's greatest resources and one of the most dangerous pieces of evidence to possess.

Writing the Letter

When writing a letter, nobility and royalty would have trusted scribes and secretaries to write the letter for them. It was considered a show of faith and honour to have writing from royalty's own hand. Poorer writers would write the letters themselves. A scribe would need:

A quill: A sharpened feather of a large bird, which if made correctly would not need sharpening very often, would be used upon parchment or papyrus.

A stylus: A wooden pen-like writing utensil meant for writing upon wax tablets.

Wax Tablet: A pair of wax tablets bound together like notebook. The stylus was used to write upon the wax. It was very popular in Ancient times as it could be used, the wax writing rubbed out.

Parchment: Parchment is made the skins of animals such as a sheep, thinned and prepared for writing on. Vellum is similar to parchment only it is higher quality and made from the skin of young sheep or cows.

Papyrus: Papyrus is a thick paper made from the eponymous plant. Papyrus would be found growing in hotter climates and is good paper to write on because it is durable.

Ink: Ink was applied using the quill. Historical inks were made of natural dyes, some involving soot, graphic, bones or dyes from fruits such as berries.

Sand: Sand would be used to dry the ink, the scribe scattering it upon the wet ink.

Wax: The wax would be used to seal letters in order to prove it has not been tampered with or the bottom of a document to prove it was witnessed by the signatory(s). Wax seals were like a stamp of approval. To cow the nobility, King Richard II had every noble put their seal to a piece of blank parchment. He could write something treasonous or even approval for a loan to the crown and it would be legal.

Seal/Signet Ring: The seal or signet ring would be pushed into the soft wax while it was not set, to prove it was from that person and not tempered with. The royal seal was as good as a royal signature and was as treasured and guarded as the crown itself.

Signature: The signing of the document or letter was always done by the monarch's hand. They would sign by their first name only, sometimes adding R at the end (Rex/Regina meaning Latin for a ruler). Ex. Henry R or Catherine R.

Keeping the Contents Private

The most important thing about letters is keeping the content private. To many people have been sent to the gallows and prison because their private letters have been found, Katherine Howard and Mary, Queen of Scots for an example.

Delivering letters in disguise: In places where they open letters, such as prisons or palaces like Versailles, sometimes we must resort to smuggling letters in and out to keep them secrets. Servants can be used though they can be searched. Hollow bungs in barrels can also be used as Mary, Queen of Scots did as barrels go in and out of palaces and buildings.

Codes: Letters can be encoded to protect the contents. Each party would have a copy of the key. The codes can be broken but at first glance it can be believed to be harmless. Abbreviations and numbers might be used.

Destroying letters: Letters in mediaeval times were often burnt to protect the receiver and sender. If the letter was found it would be catastrophic for them and could lead to their deaths. Letters were often burned.

Tampering with Letters

On the other hand, your characters might need to intercept a letter which might reveal a secret or save a life. The letter might be intercepted on the way to the way to the receiver. Versailles was infamous for opening the post of the courtiers and reading the contents. By stopping the letter from getting to the destination, you may prevent somebody from being forewarned or someone committing treason. Ps. A hot knife can be used to pry wax from the parchment so you can open it. You can replace it via an application of hot wax at the back or even apply the wax seal on another letter and frame somebody for something else. Or you can send the letter on to them and ensure they are caught with it.

Delivery

Letters have been going about for years, long before there was such a thing as a postal service. Letters were often delivered by:

Riders: The messengers would carry the letter in a special tube slung about their neck. They would ride to their assigned destination, waiting for a reply if instructed. Riders are effective but there is an added risk of the riders being intercepted or betraying the message. Riders would have had to switch horses along the way and carry a weapon to defend themselves.

Messenger Birds: Game Of Thrones has made E-Ravens famous and Harry Potter had Owl Post and most people reckon it is a fantasy element. However, many civilizations in history used a form of birds to carry messages. Pigeons have a homing ability and return to their homes wherever they are place. The birds were shipped to their destination where the message would bound to the bird. The bird is then released (Release the Pigeons!) and it returns to its home bringing the message back with it. Pigeons are cheap to care for and are a quick way to get letters to a destination. However, birds can be shot down or eaten by predators.

For the lovely @reignnyx , I hope this helps 💜

gwendolynlerman

Introduction to linguistics

Language relations

History, etymology, language origin

Etymology is the study of the history of words, their origin, and how their forms and meanings change over time. For languages that have a long written history, etymologists use texts to understand how words were used during earlier periods and when they entered a given language. Etymologists also use comparative linguistics to reconstruct information about languages when no direct information is available.

New words come into being in a language through three basic mechanisms: borrowings, word formation and sound symbolism.

Borrowing

Borrowing means words are taken from other languages. Words borrowed this way are called loanwords. It is extremely common: over half of all English words have been borrowed from French and Latin, and loanwords from Mandarin Chinese are important parts of Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese.

Loanwords are usually adapted to fit the phonology and spelling of the language they are borrowed into. English words in Japanese are often barely recognizable. For example, バレーボール (borēboru) comes from English and means “volleyball”, but v and l have been replaced by b and r because these sounds do not exist in Japanese, and a vowel has been added at the end because Japanese words cannot end in any consonant but -n. These changes were not deliberate: borēboru is what happens naturally when Japanese speakers say “volleyball” according to the pronunciation rules of their language.

A loanword can have a different meaning than it had in the original language: the Russian word портфель (portfel’) (“briefcase”) comes from the French portefeuille, which means “wallet”. Pseudo-anglicisms are common in many languages: Handy means “cellphone” in German, which is only indirectly related to the meaning of “handy” in English.

Words can also be reborrowed: that is a word can go back and forth between languages. For example, the French word cinéma was taken from the Greek word κίνημα (kínima), which means “movement”, later Greek reborrowed the same word from French and respelled it: σινεμά (sinemá).

Word formation

Languages have lots of ways of creating new words. One of them is derivation, i.e. creating a new word on the basis of an existing word, and another one includes compound words, which are formed by putting words together.

Other ways include acronyms (“radar” comes from “radio detection and ranging”), clipping (“ad” from “advertisement”) and portmanteaus (“brunch” = “breakfast” + “lunch”).

Sound symbolism

Words such as “click” are examples of onomatopoeia.

Everything about languages evolves: pronunciation, grammar and words. New words appear, old words disappear, and existing words change.

Knowing the history of words is relatively easy when old written documents exist, but when they don’t, the comparative method allows linguists to reconstruct ancient languages by comparing their descendants. One key feature of language evolution is regular sound change: changes in pronunciation don’t affect random words, but the entire language. As an example, the ancestor of modern Slavic languages had a -g- sound. It was maintained in most languages, but in some of them, such as Czech and Slovak, it gradually changed to -h-: the word for “mountain” is gora in Russian and Slovene, but hora in Czech and Slovak. Sound changes are not always this easy, because sometimes sounds are modified only in particular contexts (at the end of a word, before a vowel, etc.), but this is the general principle that linguists use to compare languages and reconstruct their ancestors.

Thousands of years of evolution can change words so much that they are unrecognizable: the Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm (the symbol * is used to indicate that a word is reconstructed and has never been found in a text), which means “hundred”, turned into such different words as šimtas in Lithuanian, sto in Slavic languages, cent in French, صد (sad) in Persian and εκατό (ekató) in Greek.

Reconstructing languages is made more difficult by borrowings and by the fact that the meanings of words change: “decimate” now means “destroy almost completely”, but originally meant “kill one in ten”, and the French word travail (“work”) comes from the Latin tripalium (an instrument of torture).

teeashirts

✧･ﾟplaylists to help pass the time *:･✧

hi everyone! it’s been a while since i made a huge playlist masterpost, but i thought that right now when we’re all stuck inside wondering what to do with our time i would make a list of all my playlists. listening to music is so calming and definitely helps me pass the time…so enjoy! - cam

songs that remind me of a fashion show

a mix of songs that remind me of driving down the coast

a playlist dedicated to paris

songs that inspire me

a dreamy mix

songs to listen to when you feel carefree

a super fun workout/running playlist to keep you pumped up

songs to listen to during golden hour

a mix of songs to listen to on a sunny day

a playlist full of songs that make me feel alive

songs that remind me of my teenage years

a study/coffee shop playlist to keep you calm

songs to listen to on the weekend

songs that make me feel like living in the moment

a friday kinda mix !

songs that remind me of a warm spring evening

a mix dedicated to nature

my all-time favorite songs all in one playlist

songs that remind me of flowers and sunshine

a 12-hour long playlist of songs that make me feel nostalgic

songs that remind me of going back to school

my ultimate summertime playlist

songs that make me feel like i’m in a movie

upbeat songs to get ready to in the morning

songs i’m currently loving & listening to right now

a playlist dedicated to italy and all its wonders

songs that are soft and delicate

a mix to listen to while watching the sunrise / sunset

a playlist for a rainy and stormy day

songs to listen to when you wake up !

another nature playlist because why not?!

a monday playlist to make your monday more enjoyable

my springtime playlist

songs that are bittersweet

my girl power anthems playlist

for the daydreamers

songs that remind me of the spirit of traveling & exploring

a mix to listen to before bed

songs to listen and dance to in your kitchen

a super fun 70s playlist

relaxing songs for a sunday

songs that remind me of wintertime

for people who love the east coast

for people who love the west coast

a mix of lo fi beats

songs to listen to in your car at night

fresh finds (new songs every monday!)

the ultimate sing along playlist

an indie playlist

the perfect road trip / daily commute mix

a super studious playlist to keep you extra focused

songs that remind me of the beach

a mix of songs to listen to when you’re j chillin

songs that remind me of a trip to outer space !

listen to this when you’re in love

songs for stargazing…

the perfect autumn playlist

songs that make my heart flutter

a mix of carefree & happy tunes

the grooviest 80s playlist around

a mix of golden oldies

listen to this if you like rap / r&b

another workout playlist !

a mix of fun, upbeat songs to dance to

a playlist inspired by call me by your name

a coming of age playlist

a mix of songs that deserve more hype

huiracha

channie’s room ep. 62

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~milk&waffles~