There’s actually a few things here that majorly dropped childhood mortality. In no particular order these include…
Implementing and enforcing food quality and sanitation standards. Did you know White Castle was called as such because their gimmic was that they continually cleaned and bleached their stores inside and out to prevent food poisoning.
The invention of antibiotics! The first sulfa drugs dropped in the 1930s-40s
Widespread access and distribution of enriched food products! Enriched flour did a lot to prevent malnutrition, and it’s how Wonderbread got its name!
We got a hell of a lot better with medical care for sick and premature infants. The first incubators for premature babies were actually used as something of a sideshow attraction at Coney Island! It was the only way the doctor who invented them could get funding to keep them running because no one thought it would work. It showed a lot of people that really premature babies could survive with the right treatment and eventually was adopted by hospitals.
The green revolution in agriculture that prevented around a billion people from starving to death
More recently it’s been widespread access to mosquito nets and medication to poorer and rural areas
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