Heart Disease: Risk Factors, Prevention, and More - Nutritious Think
What is? A condition in which the heart is unable to supply blood to all parts of the body due to a defect in the heart muscle.
Symptoms: Fatigue, weakness, fainting, shortness of breath, difficulty in exertion, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, pulmonary edema, edema in the limbs. Mild heart failure will cause the onset of physical exertion symptoms, severe heart failure will make it difficult for the patient even at rest.
Causes: The most common causes of the disease are coronary heart disease and unbalanced blood pressure. In addition, other heart diseases are causes of heart failure, such as valvular disease (damage or leakage of the heart valve), myocarditis or congenital heart defects.
Diagnosis: Conversation with the patient about the symptoms, examination of his medical history, physical examination (edema, perforation of the lungs and more) and echocardiography .
Treatment: Treating heart disease through proper nutrition , such as quitting smoking, weight loss, maintaining blood pressure, reducing blood sugar and fat levels; Medication, such as slowing the heart rate and improving its contraction, dilating the veins and arteries, reducing fluid in the body; Invasive treatment, such as pacemaker implantation or heart defect repair surgery.
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What is? Improper electrical activity of the heartbeat characterized by too slow, too fast a rhythm, skipping beats and lack of uniformity in the heartbeat.
Symptoms: Accelerated heartbeat; Feeling of lack of pulse; A rapid pulse accompanied by dizziness, chest pain, difficulty breathing and even blurring of consciousness; A slow pulse accompanied by weakness, dizziness and even loss of consciousness; In rare cases there may even be cardiac arrest.
Causes: Disruption or disease that impairs the electrical rate itself, such as atrial fibrillation; Muscle disease that impairs the transmission of electrical signals, such as myocardial infarction; Unknown factors; Factors that increase the risk, including stress, drinking alcohol, caffeine, weight loss pills and medications for colds and coughs.
Diagnosis: ECG test to detect abnormalities in heart rate.
Treatment: The treatment is adapted to the severity of the disorder and includes drug therapy to slow the pace and drugs against heart rhythm disorders, implant an electric defibrillator that detects dangerous disorders and gives an electric shock if necessary, burning at the focus of the disorder, electrical reversal (electric shock to restore heart rate).
Heart disease: Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects
What is? A variety of heart defects that have developed in the fetal stage and affect the normal functioning of the heart. There are over 30 types of heart defects, including a septal defect characterized by a hole in the septum between the two chambers of the heart; Obstructive malformation, characterized by narrowing of one of the heart valves; Cardiac heart disease, characterized by weak heart muscle or a combination of septal malformation and obstructive malformation.
Symptoms: The symptoms depend on the severity of the shock and can range from mild to life-threatening. Severe malformations are usually diagnosed immediately after birth. Milder symptoms can be characterized by chest pain, shortness of breath, blue lips and bluishness of the toes, fatigue (especially after exercise).
Causes: Down syndrome, infectious diseases of the mother during pregnancy, such as measles, unbalanced sugar levels of the mother during pregnancy. In many cases no significant cause for shock development was found.
Diagnosis: Normal or intravenous echocardiography, stress test, diagnostic catheterization. In complex cases, imaging tests (MRI, CT, cardiac mapping) will also be performed.
Treatment: The treatment is varied and depends on the type of shock. Treatments range from drug treatment to invasive procedures such as surgery to close the septal defect, dilating an artery or valve, valve transplantation, pacemaker implants and more.
Cardiomyopathy (primary disease of the heart muscle)
What is? A group of diseases that, due to contaminants, toxic substances, immune reactions, infections or genetic metabolic disorders, have led to direct damage to the heart muscle and impair its function. There are 3 main types of cardiomyopathy: dilated, which causes dilation of the heart; Hypertrophic, which causes thickening of the heart wall; Restrictive, which causes a decrease in the elasticity of the heart wall.
Symptoms: difficulty breathing, fatigue, edema in the legs, palpitations and fainting.
Causes: Weakening of the heart muscle as a result of heart disease, such as a heart attack (myocardial infarction); Genetic predisposition; Treatment with certain medications, such as chemotherapy drugs; Accumulation of harmful substances in the heart muscle, such as iron; Infection or inflammation of the heart muscle; High levels of alcohol; Chronic diseases such as diabetes .
Diagnosis: Chest X-ray, ECG, echocardiography, diagnostic catheterization, CT or MRI scan, myocardial biopsy and genetic testing .
Treatment: Treatment is tailored to the patient’s condition and cause, and may include medication to relieve symptoms and improve heart function, improve lifestyle and invasive treatment such as pacemaker implantation and artificial pump implantation.
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