One thing about ussr is that social shame was super common and used to control people in every aspect of their life. And before you say "oh, catholic shame or other religious shame types are like this", you're right, but I want to focus on how detached from religion this kind of shame was. And how despite the non-religiousness it still has the concepts of taboos or sin.
From personal experience: my grandma passed on to me the fear that comes with the shame complex. It's similar to social anxiety, the way you're constantly afraid someone else is judging you and is about to publicly berate you for "doing the wrong thing". My other relatives would treat this fear as something unreasonable so it wasn't until I learned about its roots that I understood it wasn't so useless in grandma's days.
In my case straying from social rules of how a proper child should look or act felt to be almost a sin. As if I was committing a moral crime, straying from all that is right, pure, good by allowing myself to be weird, to be myself. All actions and even all thoughts had to align with what other people wanted from me, and it wasn't until I learned how bigoted society was that I no longer wanted to be what they liked.
In grandma's case she's constantly wary of other people, how they think of her and how much she has to interact with them. She refused to put on sneakers during summer because "old women are weird if they wear sneakers instead of proper shoes". She refuses to go to doctors, cafes and even post offices because she expects people to mistreat her. She constantly polices her actions around "what the society thinks" even when the society really doesn't care at all.
And then I learned that during ussr people were expected to follow social expectations to the dot. Old women would be looked down upon if they wore normal clothes instead of what was considered "the old woman attire", kinda what you imagine when you think of Eastern European grandmas. Not only that, anyone could come to you on the street and publicly berate you for how you look, and it was considered normal.
Outcasting, profiling, shaming, all were used to control minds of people, making them turn against each other. People, who truly believe straying from society is a sin, will make sure the outcasts are dealt with by the police or by "reteaching" them.
And if police or military can reach the body, societal shame reaches all that nourishes the soul: art, music, life routine, life choices, beliefs, personal relationships etc. It really was a powerful and nasty control tool in the ussr. The ruling party dictated what was a sin, and the people around you would enforce that nobody dares to cross the line of what is deemed normal or right.
This is also why older generations here have very very bigoted opinions, sometimes on very niche or strange topics.