Where Do I Get Alpha/Beta Readers?: For New (Overwhelmed) Independent Authors
In case you missed it, here is the first article in this series, focusing on types of editing, and the second, about how to know what type you need.
Quick recap: What's the difference in an Alpha Reader and a Beta Reader?
After yourself, your alpha readers are your first audience, the ones who will tell you whether your story is generally enjoyable, what genre they think it fits in, and if character arcs are believable. Think of this as story validation. You probably have an alpha reader, even if you don’t know it. If a fellow writer reads your manuscript before you send it off to an editor, or you send snippets to your partner, or your writing group helps you brainstorm to fix plot holes, that’s alpha reading.
When you have your second draft, it’s time for beta readers. While your editor will make sure you dot your i’s and cross your t’s later, beta readers will tell you how someone not necessarily professionally trained interprets your work. Beta readers range in the depth of their feedback. They might say things like “I found the main character boring,” or “I couldn’t keep track of who was who,” or “Why is he helping the president again, wasn’t he in cahoots with Goldenface?”
Early advance copies are another thing altogether.
So where to find alpha or beta readers?
Anywhere! An early reader, whether you need an alpha or a beta, is just a person who is familiar with the genre you’re writing in and will give you general feedback.
While it’s true that anyone can alpha/beta read, be aware that your grandma might not be the best choice. (Unless you have a brutally honest grandma, in which case, go for it!) You want readers that will be honest with you, who will tell you what they loved and what they hated. Anyone that you think would enjoy your story could early read—just ask!
Readers don’t have to be people you already know. Hundreds of Facebook groups and Reddit forums are dedicated to writers helping each other or finding early readers. These people are typically seasoned in early reading and will give you good feedback, often in exchange for you doing the same.
If you’re looking for a professional alpha/beta reader, freelancers are a great option. Consider making an account on a freelancing website and browsing beta readers. This service can be quite affordable, and all their previous reviews and work samples are available. These people are highly skilled in providing useful feedback while maintaining your unique voice, and your investment is protected by the website until you've approved the final product.
You’ll need at least one alpha reader, and then, after your changes, two beta readers, and you’ll get the best results by staggering their reads. If you do it all at once, you’ll have a mound of feedback and very few chances to test out the changes you’ve made before sending off to an editor.
When you identify your alpha reader, who, remember, is your story validator, make sure to ask them some questions beyond "did you like it?" Consider broad picture questions such as:
Is this what you'd expect from a fantasy/mystery/romance novel?
Does the storyline feel logical, or did you get confused?
Were you able to keep up with the number of characters?
Make sure to self-edit before sending off to an alpha reader!
When it's time for a beta reader, start with the most qualified reader. Maybe this is a freelancer who beta reads professionally, maybe it’s a friend who published a book, or it's maybe an old English teacher. Regardless, this person can communicate with you freely and will tell you if you have huge story problems.
When you get the notes back, make a separate version of your document to edit. Make the changes that make sense to you, and keep the rest of them for later.
Then send out your manuscript to your other beta readers. While these people might not give you the most specific feedback, they can tell you what they enjoyed and what they didn’t. Depending on how many betas you have, you might want to do this in waves. Multiple rounds can give you time to adjust and implement feedback.
Questions you might ask your betas include:
Could you tell the characters apart?
Was the ending fulfilling?
Be warned, inexperienced betas may respond with answers like “I liked it” or “It was good” if you don’t ask specific questions. While this isn’t a bad thing (we all want our work to be liked!) it isn’t always super helpful. There are many lists online of questions to ask your betas, but there’s no need to ask them all. As a general rule, don’t expect a beta reader to answer more than ten questions thoroughly. The more questions you ask, the more you’ll see a decrease in quality answers. Use your best judgment here to make sure you’re not overwhelming your readers, or yourself later when you have to sort through all of your betas’ feedback. Speaking of—
How many beta readers do I need?
You need two beta readers at the absolute least. With just one beta, you have nothing to compare their thoughts to. How can you know whether a beta is right about the plot going too quickly or if it’s just a personal preference? You have at least two betas! When you can compare and contrast feedback, it’s much easier to see the common threads.
On the flip side, you don’t want too many cooks in the kitchen. While there’s no hard and fast rule for how many beta readers is too many, there are a few things to keep in mind.
Each beta reader is another person to ask “Have you read the book yet? When will you have the feedback back to me?”
Each beta reader is another person to (potentially) swap feedback with, which can be a lengthy process.
Each beta reader is another stack of feedback to sort through and decide which parts are usable.
Each beta reader is another free copy of your book you’re giving away.
What about sorting through the feedback?
Start by gathering all your feedback in the same place and looking for patterns. (A spreadsheet is good for this!) If multiple people saw a problem with your main character's development or the order of your chapters, that’s probably worth editing (or at least noting for your editor). This is likely big-picture feedback, so remember to save a copy of your original manuscript before you change anything.
It’s also worth noting the outliers, the bits of feedback that only one or two people mentioned. This is trickier. Is it good feedback that only one person caught, or is 13-year-old cousin Ashton just not paying attention to the foreshadowing? As you look at each outlier piece of advice, ask yourself whether it would make your story better, if it fits with your style, and if it’s necessary. While reader feedback is important, trusting your own intuition and vision is vital to creating the most authentic story. (And you can always ask your editor or consultant for a second opinion if you're not sure whether something is good advice.)
In the coming articles, we’ll be addressing more of the most frequently asked editing questions from new (overwhelmed) independent authors.
How do I find an editor anyway?
I’m scared for people to read my work.
I can’t afford any of this!
What is an advance reader copy?
Can I format my own book?
~Allison of Sigmon Editorial
From idea to ISBN, Sigmon Editorial's got your back.