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Illustration from Andrew Langâs The Olive Fairy Book by Kate Baylay (2012)
CarybĂ©âs illustrations for the brazilian edition of âOne Hundred Years of Solitudeâ from Gabriel GarcĂa MĂĄrquez
Hungarian paganism
(part 2; english version)
The world beneath
Before the shaman can actually become a shaman, they first need to go to the world beneath, so the shaman will be asleep for 3 days and 3 nights while they are on their journey to the spirit world. During this journey, the potential (at this point they havenât earned the title of the shaman yet) shaman visits the land of frogs, the land of lizards and the land of snakes.
This motif is important because the world beneath is portrayed as the land of reptiles. When we read further we find out that itâs because the world beneath is home to creatures that live beneath the ground, or beneath the waters, so this will also include fish.
This is also found in other Uralic and Siberian cultures. Thatâs key to understanding that the ancient Hungarian religion (aka Hungarian paganism) was/is indeed a form of shamanism, because these beliefs formed while we still lived in the Ural mountains surrounded by other shamanistic cultures, and not after we migrated to Europe.Â
We have already discussed in my last post that the tree of life connects the three worlds and works as a sort of bridge that the shaman uses to visit the other worlds. In Nenets culture the shaman âclimbsâ the tree of life to visit Num, the sky god in Nenets culture (not to be confused with the Egyptian god Khnum)
So while the shaman can climb down the tree to the world beneath, they can also travel upwards.
{EDIT: So then what can we find in the world above and in the world beneath? Just like in Nenets beliefs, the world above us is for the gods. However, the world beneath us is not only the land if reptiles, itâs also home of every âmagicalâ creature. }
Now letâs bring a few examples of this motif found in other Siberian and Uralic cultures.Â
Selkup: at the bottom of the tree of life the house of âMother Lifeâ can be found. Without going into too much details, the house is made of steel with steel fence, and is also surrounded by ducks because ducks are a symbol of birth and motherhood. The three holy trees are also seen on this image, which are birch, cedar and larch.Â
(13. Selkup drawing depicting the universe)
Mongolian: the land beneath the tree of life is the land of snakes, frogs and lizards as well
Nanai: the first shaman is supposed to have gotten their equipment from the tree of life. So on the shamanâs drum they paint/carve/draw the three different worlds.
(18. Nanai tree of life with snakes at its roots and frogs climbing upwards on its trunk. + Shaman bells and mirrors are drawn at the end of its branches referencing the legend of how the first shaman gained their powers)
(15. Sideview of Tuba shamanâs drum, we see the drawing of a snake, a fish and a frog symbolizing the world beneath. + At the top we can also see 3 separate drawings, from top to bottom they are: a 4-legged creature, a bird, and then we see a more complex image, which is of a bird sitting on a tree growing out of a circle. If we take a look back at Ket mythology in my previous post, we realize that the circle symbolizes the Sun
16. Teleut shamanâs drum, at the bottom of it we see drawings of the world beneath
17. Buryat amulet with the tree of life, underneath it we see the land of snakes, frogs and lizards, aka the world beneath)
These examples the book brings up are important for us to make the connection between hungarian paganism and shamanism.
A little bit of green has a great effect on happiness.
ig: thenovelacademy.
Gustave Doré and Héliodore Pisan - Book illustrations for Don Quichotte
Templo Expiatorio del SantĂsimo Sacramento, Mexico by cedanoarq
Golden Grass for Walt - La BranÄaro
Walt Whitmanâs 200th Birthday, May 31, 2019
âI wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women, And the hints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken soon out of their laps. What do you think has become of the young and old men? And what do you think has become of the women and children? They are alive and well somewhere, The smallest sprout shows there is really no death, And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the end to arrest it, And ceasâd the moment life appearâd. All goes onward and outward, nothing collapses, And to die is different from what any one supposed, and luckier.â
- Song of Myself