#arab invasion

[aranyaani]

ok that's genuinely sad

[mrityuloknative]

Remember folks it's not colonisation when done by brown muslims, cuz then it's ✨conquests✨

[religion-is-a-mental-illness]

You are not misinformed; you are disinformed. Here are the four lies spread by pro-Palestinians that I like the most:

1. Jews came from Europe and stole land from the Palestinians. 2. The Palestinian people are an ancient nation. 3. Jews brought a disaster on the Palestinians in 1948, the Nakba. 4. The genocide that started in 1948 continues until today.

Does this sound familiar? Have you heard this once or twice? Let's quickly prove these four lies wrong, and then we will talk about the most interesting part.

–

The first lie: Jews stole land. I said this before, but it is so easy to prove this wrong. If Jews stole land, please give me the name of just one Jewish town that was built on stolen land before the Arabs started the war on November 30, 1947. This should be easy, right? Gedera, Chedera, Zichon Yaakov, Tel Aviv, Kineret. I can go on and on. Just find one.

On one hand, this lie is very popular. On the other hand, nobody can give me a single name. Nobody can show me a single newspaper article from 1946 where an Arab says Jews stole my land. Interesting, isn't it? Yes, the Arabs lost land in the war they started in 1947, but they did not start the war because Jews stole land. They started the war because they wanted to destroy the Jews. We will get to that in a second.

By the way, I can give you the opposite example, Jewish property that Arabs stole. Let's look at two classic examples, Gaza and Hebron. In both places, ancient Jewish communities lived for hundreds of years. In the attacks of 1929, the Arabs stole the Jewish property and forced the Jews to leave.

–

The second lie, the Palestinian people are an ancient nation. They are not. It is amazing that even in 1948, not a single Arab leader talked about Palestinians. If the Palestinian people are so ancient, how is that possible? Even in 1956, Ahmad Shoukeri, who later became the founder and first chairman of the PLO, said in the United Nations, "it is common knowledge that Palestine is nothing but southern Syria."

So yes, there are maps with the word Palestine on them. But that is because it is a colonialist name given by the Roman Empire, and European languages have kept using it. I made a video about this recently.

All the organizations built during the British Mandate with the name Palestine, the Palestine Electric Company, the Palestine Football Team, Palestine Airways, were all built by Jews.

Before the British arrived, the Turks ruled here for 400 years, and they never called this area Palestine. No nation has a more colonialist story than the Palestinians. The name was given by the Roman Empire, the borders were drawn by the British Empire, and the narrative was invented in the 1960s by the Soviet Union.

Maybe the best proof, and it is a bit embarrassing, is that Arabs cannot even pronounce the name of this region. In Arabic, there is no letter P, so when they try to say it, it sounds like Philistine or Balestine. Again, if you think I am wrong, find me just one quote of an Arab leader from 1948 talking about a Palestinian nation.

And have you noticed, by the way, that pro-Palestinians never talk about their leaders from that time? Interesting, isn't it? Well, there is a reason for it. Because all the Arab leaders, Amin al-Husseini, Fawzi al-Kawakji, and Hassan Salameh were in Nazi Germany, collaborating with the Nazis, building Muslim SS units to kill Jews. Read a million pro-Palestinian posts and you won't come across their leaders from the 1940s.

–

The third lie, the Nakba. The Nakba is simply the result of a war that the Arabs started to destroy the Jews and lost. Did they pay a price? Yes. When you start a war, you might lose it.

The Arabs started the war on November 30, 1947, when they shot at Eged Bass No. 20-94. By the way, this event that started the war tells the whole story. First, the Arabs shot at a civilian bus and murdered Jewish passengers. Second, a detail that very few people know, the shooting happened near a village called Fajja. This was an Arab village built on the ruins of a Jewish village from 1700 years ago. And the Arabs who lived there arrived only around 1830 from Egypt during the Egyptian conquest.

So yes, the Arabs paid a price for a war they started. This is not different from any other war in history. By the way, the Jews paid a much higher price. How many Arabs remained in Israel after the war? 160,000. How many Jews stayed to live in the areas that the Arabs conquered? Zero. Not a single Jew was left alive in those areas. This is complete ethnic cleansing.

–

The fourth lie, and the last one for this video, the genocide. Someone might say, ok, so Jews did not steal land, the Palestinian nation was invented in the 1960s, and they lost the war they started. But nothing justifies the genocide that has been happening for almost 80 years. And I agree.

But the truth is, the only ones who did ethnic cleansing and genocide are actually the Arabs. Look at the numbers. The number of Arabs between the Jordan River and the sea, in Gaza, in Israel, and in Judea and Samaria, aka the West Bank, grew by about 10 times since 1948.

Inside Israel, the number went up from 160,000 to 2 million. In Gaza, it went from 200,000 to 2 million. In the West Bank, from 400,000 to about 4 million. You can say many things about this massive growth, but genocide is definitely not one of them.

Do you want to talk about real genocide and ethnic cleansing? Let's look at what happened to Jews in Arab countries. In Egypt in the 1940s, there were 85,000 Jews. Today, there are 3. In Yemen, there were 65,000 Jews. Today, there is one in Houthi jail. In Iraq, there were 130,000 Jews. Today, fewer than 5. In Algeria, there were 140,000 Jews. Today, zero.

Doesn't it look strange to you that people use the word genocide to describe an Arab population that grew by 10 times, one of the fastest growing in the world, but they completely ignore the Jewish communities in Arab countries that were wiped out by 99.99%?

–

Now, let's talk about the most important thing. This video is not about the lies, it is not about history, and it is not about 1948. It will take you just a few minutes on Google or ChatGPT to check and see that everything I say is 100% true.

This video is about you. The reason you never heard these facts is that you are being manipulated. It is not easy to admit it. But if you are an honest person and you can't prove me wrong, this is exactly what happened. You became a victim of brainwashing, and I don't blame you. Millions of smart, educated, and good people in the West have never heard these basic facts.

I am not asking you to agree with me; I know I am right. I am asking you to do something much harder: to be honest with yourself. You want to criticize Israel? Fine. But let's start with facts, and that is hard because for 30 years, they have fed you emotional propaganda. In Gaza, there is a whole industry of faking suffering I will put a link below to Gazawood, which shows hundreds of examples of Gazans acting and staging scenes from injury and death for the cameras. Not just one or two videos, thousands. This is a professional lie industry, pushed by Qatar and the Muslim Brotherhood.

And again, do not believe me. Go to Al Jazeera, Al Jazeera Plus in English. Most of their content is about attacking Israel, some about attacking America, and some about starting protests in the West. There is zero criticism of Muslim countries, which are almost all dictatorships, and zero stories about the situation of women or minorities there. You can hate Israel as much as you want, but if you had to be a minority in the Middle East, you would pray to God to be a Muslim in Israel and not a Christian in Egypt or Iraq.

–

And this brings us to the last point. All the protests you see against Israel in Spain, Ireland, Australia, or on U. S. college campuses are not about human rights, and they are not about caring for human lives. They are simply the final product of this disinformation system. How do I know? Here are a few simple facts.

Recently, Pakistan expelled 1. 7 million Afghan refugees back to the Taliban. Did you hear a single word about this in the news? Did you see a single student protest at Howard against this massive expulsion?

In the civil wars in Yemen and Syria, hundreds of thousands of Arab Muslims were killed by other Muslims. Did you see crowds shouting in the streets of London, Wisconsin, or Paris about the horrors in Yemen?

And in Nigeria, there is a cruel daily killing of Christians by radical Muslims. Does anyone in the West set up protest camps for them? No one.

Because the people organizing these protests do not really care about human rights, and they do not care about Arabs or Muslims. They only care when they can blame Israel. Billions of dollars were spent so that you and people like you would focus only on one target and ignore the rest of the world.

I will go back to the sentence I started with. You are not misinformed; you are disinformed. Now that you know the facts, now that you realize you were fed paid propaganda, the ball is in your court. You can keep going out to the streets and shouting the empty slogans they fed you, or you can be honest enough to stop and start thinking for yourself.

And if you want more real information, just subscribe to the channel. If you are my follower, please share this video with someone who needs to see it. As you probably noticed, I am uploading many more videos now, also on Twitter. By the way, I was blocked on Facebook just a few days ago.

Anyway, I can keep uploading content at this speed only thanks to your support on Ko-Fi. It really warms my heart to sit here and talk to the camera, just me, my phone, and a few Mossad agents behind the scenes, and to know that you are watching and supporting my work. You make this all possible. Thank you so much for your support. See you in the next video, yalla bye!

[mrityuloknative]

Brief History of Ujjain Mahakal

The gods and Asuras once churned the ocean of Amrita, the nectar of immortality. When the vessel of Amrita appeared, the gods hurried away with it to heaven. Four drops fell on earth, one of them at Ujjain. 

Ujjain is praise in many Puranas, specially the Avantika Khand of Skandh Purana. The seat of Mahakaleshwar was venerated as one of the 12 Jyotirlingas and was renowned throughout India by at least the 5th century CE. 

Ujjain was the hometown of the great Sanskrit poet - Kalidasa. In his Rahguvamsa, he mentioned Mahakala at Ujjain several times (Rahguvamsa V. 8, VIII. 95, XVIII. 32). Lakshmidhara, in Chapter 10 of his volume on pilgrimage, listed Ujjain as a revered site (Aiyangar 1942).

Kalhana, while re-counting the campaigns of Lalitaditya Muktapida, stated that the king worshipped at the Mahakala shrine in Ujjayini, capital of Avanti in Malava — “The tusks of his elephants were split only by the light of the moon on the diadem of Mahakala, as they marched in rows into Avanti.” (Rajatarangini Book IV. 162, Vol I : 136).

The Arab traveller Gardizi wrote of the deity at Ujjain

They have a place called UJJAYN with a large idol representing (Maha-kal). They takes before him their needs in this lower world and the world beyond and from him learn charms (aza’im). They do wonderful things saying that they all are from (Maha-kal’s) teaching... Some people come to worship him while for several days they refrain from food and humble themselves asking him for their needs. Some take an iron lamp and shaping its bottom like a spear place it on their palm and press it until it has pierced the palm and made a hole in it. Then they light the lamp and kneel down on both knees before the idol with lamentation saying: “accept from us our visit to this house” (Minorsky 1948: 635).

DESTROYED BY ILTUTMISH

Ihe temple was destroyed by Sultan Iltutmish in 1234 ce. Minhaj-us-Siraj, a contemporary chreynicler, described the event in his Tabkat-i-Nasiri,

...he sent, in A.H. 632 (1234 A.D.), the army of Islam towards Malwa and took the fort and city of Bhilsa. There was a temple there which was three hundred years in building. It was about one hundred and five Raz high. He demolished it. From thence he proceeded to Ujjain, where there was a temple of Maha-kal, which he destroyed as well as the image of Bikramajit, who was king of Ujjain, and reigned 1316 years before his time. The Hindu era dates from his reign. Some other images cast in copper were carried with the stone image of Maha-kal to Dehli (Elliot and Dowson Vol. II: 328).

Abd-al Qadir Badauni (1540-1605) also recorded the destruction of the temple by Iltutynish (Badauni Vol. I: 95) Around the same time, Abul Fazl observed the continued sacredness of the site, (Ujjain) is regarded as a place of great sanctity and wonderful to relate at times the river (Shipra) flows in waves of milk. The people prepare vessels and make use of it and such occurrence brings good fortune to the reigning monarch... (Ain-i-Akbari Vol. II 1927: 207).

REBUILT BY PESHWAS

The temple was rebuilt by devotees over the centuries, but repeatedly fell prey to iconoclastic zeal. As a consequence, no part of the pre-twelfth century temple could be identified with certainty (Willis 1988: 276). The present temple was built at the same site by Ramachandra, Diwan of the Peshwa in 1745 ce (Pl. 27) (Patil 1952: 141).

From the eighteenth century also the mahakumbh, Simhastha began to be held at Ujjain every twelve years. It paid singular reverence to the Mahakaleshwar jyotirlinga (Hiuen Tsang in the seventh century ce described a great congregation of pilgrims at the confluence of rivers at Prayag (Beal 1884 Book V: 233-234); Captain Thomas Hardwicke presented the first English account of the Kumbh Mela at Haridwar, in 1796). The memory of Mahakaleshwar had remained undimmed over time; the present structure was built almost five centuries after the destruction by Iltutmish.

— excerpts from “Fight of Deities and Rebirth of Temples Episodes from Indian History” by Meenakshi Jain

[mrityuloknative]

Bappa Rawal : Conqueror of Arabia, Pioneering Hindu Resistance and Uniting Bharatvarsha.

Originally named Kalabhoja at birth, later named Bappa or “Father” by the people of Mewar as a form of endearment and how they looked up to him. Mother by Kamlavati and fathered by Nagadit, Rawal was born as a direct descendant of Gulhilote Dynasty. Gulhilote Dynasty is a Suryavanshi Dynasty that traces its linear to Luv, son of Shree Ram and Goddess Sita. It later went on to become the mighty Sisodiya dynasty that ruled Mewar for an uninterrupted 1,400 years and adorns the royal line and throne of Udaipur even today.

Bappa Rawal had a tormented and deprived childhood. He was taken by his mother to the safety of the jungles of Bhinder in Mewar, where he was protected by the Bhils of Yadu descent. The Bhil king, Mandalik protected Bappa during his childhood. This was the beginning of the Bhils’ association with the royal lineage of Mewar - an association that still continues to this day.

Bappa is said to have met a Shaiva mystic, Harit sadhu, who revealed to him the mysteries of the Shaiva Tantra, principles of morality and lessons in warfare along with a plan to lead Hindu resistance to Islam by winning back Chittor and re-establishing Rajput control over Mewar.

Being with the mystic sadhu, Bappa developed a deep devotion to Bhagwan Eklingji, an avatar of Shiva and the presiding deity of the Mewar royal house till date. Bappa had vision of Goddess Bhawani, who blessed him and instructed him to serve the Mori dynasty of Chittor, which became the most powerful centre of sovereign India at the time.

Bappa was received well at Chittor by the Mori king, Manmori, the then ruler of Chittor. Bappa was designated as a samant and granted a suitable estate. It was at this time that Arab for the first time, crossed the Indus through Sindh and entered Bharat.

In 712 CE, Mohammad Bin Qasim of Arabia attacked Raja Dahir Sen of Sindh. Raja Dahir also sent a letter to Muhammad bin Kasim, warning him that capturing Debal, an insignificant city of traders and artisans was no great feat, as

“it contained neither a strong fortress, nor was it occupied by a garrison of any importance with whom it was worth your while to fight. If there had been a single note-worthy warrior in it, there would not have been left a rack of you behind.”

[The Chachnama: Volume 1 (1900), P 83 — Translated from Persian by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg]

He further warned Muhammad bin Kasim that he and his army would stand no chance when faced with a warrior of the calibre of Jaisiah or the king of Kashmir, and that he would meet the same fate as Budail if he did not get rid of his vain ideas of conquering Sindh.

Rattled by Raja Dahir’s letter, Muhammad bin Kasim wrote a contemptuous letter in response, waving aside Raja Dahir’s warning and claiming that,

“I consider it my bounden duty to carry on this religious war, in obedience to the orders of Allah who says in the Koran: ‘wage war against the infidels and dissemblers’; and I have undertaken this task simply to secure divine pleasure.”

[The Chachnama: Volume 1 (1900), P 85 — Translated from Persian by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg]

Just like the earlier ‘pious’ Caliphs and Al Hajjaj, Muhammad bin Kasim was also driven by the singular idea of waging religious war or jihad on the infidels of Hind and Sind and conquering them for Islam, in keeping with the central doctrine of Islam. Several attempts were repulsed by King Dahir but as it goes on, someone from the inside sold them out. At Nerun, the Buddhist town’s head Bhandarkar Samani betrayed their king dahir not only aiding the Arab army to cross Sindh river but also giving entry to King Dahir’s garrison resulting in the defeat at Battle of Aror.

Qasim, armed with the loot of the riches of Sindh, was able to raise an army of mercenaries and moved eastwards to attack Mewar. Tod writes that the slain Raja Dahir’s son escaped to Chittor and informed Bappa about the fall of Sindh and how women were being abducted as sex slaves.

“Inspite of all these military preparations, it is extremely doubtful if Sindh could have been conquered by Mohammad bin Kasim in 712 A.D., had all the people and Chiefs remained true to their king.”

[Indian Resistance To Early Muslim Invaders Upto 1206 A.D., P 23 — Dr. Ram Gopal Mishra]

Much before Muhammad bin Kasim raided Debal and the frightened resident betrayed his own people and aided Muhammad, the Buddhist religious head of Nerun, Bhandarkan Samani had quietly sought the mercy of Hajjaj and acquiesced to pay tribute. Samani had been afraid of the Arab backlash upon the killing of Budail in battle at Debal, and had secretly sent a messenger to Al Hajjaj, asking for pardon and promising to pay tribute regularly. Hajjaj had sent a letter of pardon to Samani and insisted that he must help in securing the release of the Muslim prisoners, “or else I will not leave a single infidel up to the limits of China, and will make them all a prey to the sword of Islam.” [The Chachnama: Volume 1 (1900), P 70 — Translated from Persian by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg] At a time when the depleted army could have been subjugated in battle, Bhandarkan Samani, who had been “already carrying on treasonable correspondence with Hajjaj… now openly helped Muhammad with provisions.” [The History And Culture Of The Indian People: Vol. 3 — The Classical Age, P 170 — R. C. Majumdar] Samani not only betrayed his countrymen but “supplied him (Muhammad) with provisions to such an extent that the soldiers got sufficient corn for their needs.” [The Chachnama: Volume 1 (1900), P 88 — Translated from Persian by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg] Muhammad was pleased with the aid provided by Samani and patronized him and bestowed him with many favours. Muhammad appointed a representative in the fort of Nerun. He also destroyed a temple and built a mosque in its place and appointed a muezzin and a priest or imam to guide the people in prayers and in other religious matters. [The Chachnama: Volume 1 (1900), P 88 — Translated from Persian by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg]

Consequently, Qasim beheaded Dahir and his brother, captured Dahir’s daughters and forcibly carried them off to Baghdad, to offer to the then Caliph of Arabia, the cruel Hajjaj Bin Yusuf, as sex slaves.

Before the arrival of Islamic invaders, Hindu kings too fought against each other to acquire territory and power. The rules of engagement for the armies were clearly laid down and none would ever violate those norms. Two armies of Hindu kings would fight each other and the victorious king would take over the defeated kingdom, either appointing the defeated king as a vassal or driving him out of the kingdom. But the citizenry, peasantry, mercantile class and artisans would never be touched. Everyday life would carry on as usual with the transfer of power only at the monarch’s level. To capture womenfolk of the royal house or even the citizenry was inconceivable in the Hindu ethos.

Bappa was enraged when he learnt of the treatment of women by Qasim but also understood the need for a combined Hindu alliance to check the onslaught of these murderers from alien lands.

Bappa Rawal, leading the Mewar army, struck alliance with the brave Nagabhatta 1 of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty ruling the Malwa region, in today’s Madhya Pradesh. Bappa also allied with Pulakesiraja and Jayabhatta of Gujarat and the joint Rajput forces fought the Arab Muslim invaders in the crucial Battle of Rajasthan. Nagabhatta approached Chalukya King Jai Simha Varman of Southern India who sent his son Pulkesiraja to take part in the alliance.

It was Juniad Al Marri who led the Arabs and had been partially successful in southern Gujarat, Malwa and southern Rajasthan. In CE 738, somewhere around Jodhpur of present-day Marwar, this decisive battle was fought between 5,000 to 6,000 Hindu troops against 60,000 Arabs. The Arabs were comprehensively routed and Junaid was killed.

What the Arabs were able to achieve in a few decades in Middle East, Persia, Mesopotamia, Surya (Syria), North Africa, was denied vehemently on our land by the triple alliance led by Bappa Rawal.

This act of Bappa had huge implications not only for western India, but the entire world, as the advent of militant Islam was halted on the western frontiers of our nation and the Far East and China were saved by default.

Bappa was a fierce warrior with a deep understanding of the human mind. He also understood the nature of the threat posed by Qasim’s invasion when Raja Dahir’s son escaped Qasim’s attack on Sindh and took refuge in Mewar, informing Bappa of the religious fanaticism and cruelty of the Arabs. The Arabs were decimated in the battle of Rajasthan and chased back up to Iran by Bappa.

According to Tod, Arab historians themselves wrote:

“Not a place of refuge could be found against the Hindu fury”

The Arab mercenaries were decimated by Bappa and his allies, forcing them to flee to their native lands via Gujarat, Saurashtra and Sindh. Bappa did not relent and continued to chase the Arab invader up to Iran. He found the city of Ghazni in Afghanistan, in possession of one Salim, a Governor appointed by Qasim.

Bappa defeated and captured Salim and married his daughter. He also put his nephew in charge of the city and thus secured Afghanistan as a Hindu kingdom for a few centuries to come. He erected check-posts at regular intervals on his way back from Arabia. These were instrumental in halting further invasions by Islamic armies for the next four hundred years.

The Chachnama, a 13th century Persian manuscript written by Hamid bin Abu Bakr Kufi, narrates an incident “in which Qasim’s demise is attributed to the daughters of Dahir.”

Upon capture, the two daughters of Dahir—Surya Devi and Premala Devi, were sent over to fill the Caliph, Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf’s harem in Baghdad. The account relates that the girls then tricked the Caliph into believing that Qasim had violated them before sending them over. This subterfuge enraged the Caliph and Qasim was wrapped and stitched in oxen hides, and despatched to Syria. In CE 715, Muhammad Bin Qasim died en route from suffocation. Thus, the Hindu girls secured retribution for their father’s death and informed the Caliph that they had lied to him to punish Qasim. This revelation filled the Caliph with remorse and rage and eventually he ordered the sisters to be buried alive in a wall.

Bappa’s triumphant Arab campaign catapulted him to the status of a miraculous warrior and he annexed Chittor from the Mori dynasty in CE 726 to establish the present-day Mewar dynasty, proclaiming himself as ‘Maharao’ Bappa Rawal. It is difficult to establish whether Bappa killed or exiled Manmori to annex Chittor. Amarkavyam states that Manmori was killed by Bappa. According to the chronicles available in Chittor, “Bappa took Chittor from Mori and himself became the mor (crown) of the land.” Bappa was also named the ‘Sun of the Hindus’ (Hinda Sooraj) and protector of princes (raj guru), titles which are attached to the royal family of Mewar even today. The title of Rawal was given to Bappa by his Bhil army and friends.

‘Ra’ stands for rajya or state,

‘wa’ stand for varatva or blessings

‘L’ stands for lakshmi or wealth.

In the last one, the Rajput Hindu prince of Lahore carried his army to Peshawar and a truce was signed. Thus happened a union of interests and all of Kohistan, west of the Indus, was ceded to them on the condition of guarding this barrier into Hindustan against any invasion. The Rajputs erected the fortress of Khyber in the chief pass of Daman-e-Koh. For two long centuries after this, peace prevailed in what is known as upper Sindh and Punjab today, and India was rendered accessible only through southern Sindh, thus narrowing the chances of Islamic invaders to attack Hindustan.

Bappa Rawal thus sowed the seeds of Hindu resistance to Muslim invasions for his future generations by clearly identifying the alien nature of Islamic invaders vis-à-vis Hinduism and laid down a policy of non-reconciliation with the barbaric values of Islamists, as a norm for his progeny to follow.

Bappa’s campaign had another positive effect on the Hindu kingdoms of Lahore and Peshawar. In CE 761, the Afghans of Kirman and Peshawar, which were originally a Coptic colony of Egypt, crossed the Indus to travel eastwards and attack the Hindu ruler of Lahore. Within five Bappa’s reach up to Afghanistan and Iran and forging matrimonial bonds with the locals there meant the continuance of Hinduism in these regions for centuries to come.

The pan-India resistance to the Arab onslaught resulted in the conclusive defeat of Arab imperialists, best worded by an Arab historian Al Baladhuri himself:

“The people of Bharat returned to idolatry with the exception of the inhabitants of Qasbah. A place of refuge to which the Moslems might flee was not to be found, so he [Arab governor] built on the further side of the lake, where it borders on al-Hind, a city which he named Al-Mahfuzah [the protected] establishing it as a place of refuge for them, where they should be secure and making it a capital”

Bappa Rawal was succeeded by various rulers of Mewar for the next five hundred years, among whom Shakti Kumar, Khuman I, Khuman II and Khuman III continued the expansion of the kingdom of Mewar. Khuman II and his victory in warding off another onslaught by the Islamists on Mewar will be covered in the subsequent posts.

[rhianna]

[rhianna]

Desde las ventanas de su palacio de Tanger podia dirigir una mirada ambiciosa hácia las costas de la Peninsula separadas por el estrecho, — LA: FUENTE, História de España, II. 479.

[aklingolgesi]

PUVATYA SAVAŞI: ORTAÇAĞ'IN VİYANA'SI

PUVATYA SAVAŞI: ORTAÇAĞ’IN VİYANA’SI

Yeni Çağ’da Avrupa içlerine hızla ilerleyen bir süper güç vardı: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu. Ancak bu güç 1683 yılında Viyana kapılarında durdurulmuş ve artık gerileme sürecine sokulmuştu. Buna çok benzer bir süreç ise Ortaçağ’da yani Avrupa’nın karanlık, Emevi hâkimiyetindeki Müslümanlarınsa altın çağında 732 yılında yaşanmıştı: Puvatya Savaşı’nda.                Her devletin güttüğü politikalara…

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