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Banda Aceh (Indonesia) (AFP) - More than 150 Rohingya refugees including women and children have been rescued off the coast of Indonesia aft

#refugees #rohingya refugees #refugees rescued #indonesia #banda aceh

Source: sarahhasbiy, via IslamicArtDB

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#Baiturrahman Grand Mosque (Mesjid Raya Baiturrahman) in Banda Aceh #Indonesia #Banda Aceh

Banda Aceh, dernière étape de Sumatra, après 2 fois 8 heures de minibus depuis Ketambe. Cette ville dramatiquement réputée après le tsunami de décembre 2004. La vague de 30m de haut qui a fait ici 170.000 morts et avait également touché de nombreux pays "voisins" comme la Thaïlande (dont les dommages ont fait plus parler en Europe car il y avait de nombreux touristes). Le bilan total en Asie comptabilisait 230.000 morts. Ville totalement reconstruite grace à l'aide internationale. Passage obligatoire au musée du tsunami (photo 1 et 2) où nous apprenons que la population ne connaissait pas ce phénomène. Lorsqu'ils ont vu la mer se retirer, ils se sont approchés, ramassant les poissons qui jonchaient le sol et regardant la vague arriver. Suite de la visite avec le musée Apung 1 (photo 3). C'est un navire, générateur d'électricité de 2 600 tonnes, projeté à près de 3kms à l'intérieur des terres par la force du tsunami.

Nous devions ensuite rejoindre l'île de Pulau Weh mais les conditions météorologiques nous ont fait changer de trajectoire. Nous avons donc profiter de la plage tranquille de Momonk beach où nous avons dégusté un excellent poisson avant de partir en direction de l'île de Java.

#indonesia #sumatra #banda aceh #beach #photography #tsunami

Recurrence

See the layers of sediments in the first of these 2 photos? They were deposited on a memorably bad day. These sediments come from a cave found on the edge of the island of Sumatra, and all of that sand and silt above the scouring layer was deposited on December 26, 2004; the date of the great Sumatran Earthquake and tsunami.

Those sediments were deposited by the tsunami, but they’re not the only tsunami remnants in this cave. This cave sits very near the shoreline and until recent uplift it was actually underwater, so it has taken multiple hits from tsunami waves over the last few thousand years. This cave was discovered a few years ago by scientists from Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and using results from this cave they have constrained the behavior of the Sumatran megathrust going back nearly 10,000 years.

The modern tsunami wave has an erosional scour at its base and the sediments just below it are 2900 years old – probably the date the cave was uplifted out of the water. The tsunami waves in 2004 entered the cave in pulses and dropped sand in layers on the surface. After trenching at this site, the scientists found 11 similar sand deposits in the sequence at this site. Each of them has thin layers of fine marine silt and clay in-between, showing that the sequence was a rapid deposition of sand followed by a long period of slow sedimentation.

Each of these 11 sand deposits represents a tsunami wave. The scientists carbon dated the layer at the bottom of their trench and found it to be 7400 years old, giving a recurrence interval of 450 years between 7400 and 2900 years ago.

That average would seem to be a statement of how often the fault breaks, but the scientists looking at the layers also found that average number to be almost meaningless – the fault doesn’t care about the average. They found that several thin layers of sand were packed close together, with as many as 3 smaller tsunamis within a 100 year period and as long as 2200 years of no sand deposits after one of the largest tsunami waves.

There are other geologic records around the Indian Ocean like this showing repeating tsunami waves, but none has as many waves recorded as this site and none of them are detailed enough to show the clustering. This site indicates that the Sumatran fault sometimes breaks in small earthquakes that trigger small tsunami waves and then occasionally breaks in a rupture like 2004 where it produces a major wave. Although there are only a couple examples in this cave, it is after big events like the 2004 quake where the fault is quiet for over a thousand years; so one possible interpretation is that the Sumatran fault may take centuries or millennia to produce major waves again.

This behavior is similar to the behavior observed at the Cascadia Megathrust off of Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Evidence from landslides and turbidites off the coast suggests that the fault there may break in a rupture that triggers a magnitude 8 earthquake and tsunami waves, but then occasionally the entire fault breaks, triggering a massive magnitude 9+ quake and much larger wave (https://tmblr.co/Zyv2Js29RKOmF).

There are often press reports saying a fault is “overdue” based on analyses of how often the fault moves on average, but these types of studies show that type of calculation just doesn’t express the way major faults move. The size of the quakes and size of the fault that breaks changes over time, and the exact future behavior is extremely difficult to predict.

The Sumatran fault is guaranteed to produce another large quake and tsunami. It could be thousands of years, or it could literally be less than 100 years. The best guess from this cave is that the huge 2004 rupture means it will be millennia before it goes again, but that's not the lesson of this cave. There are areas in the cave with 3 quakes in less than 100 years, and we don’t know for certain there won’t be another one soon.

Rather than measuring a recurrence interval, the lesson of this cave is that these megathrusts are very complicated and we’ve only seen the tiniest window of their history, so if the fault decided to release another quake and tsunami 20 years from now or 2000 years from now, humans in the area can’t be surprised. That lesson isn’t one for just this site either; it’s a lesson for faults around the world.

-JBB

Image credits and original paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms16019_ _

#Geology #Subduction #Cascadia #Fault #thrust #megathrust #Research #Wave #tsunami #disaster #Sumatra #the earth story #Cave #Indonesia #Andaman Sea #banda aceh #2004

Record-breaking dance in Indonesia's Aceh promotes unity

More than 10,000 people turned out in Indonesia's Aceh to stage a record-breaking song and dance performance stressing the need to conserve a threatened national park in the westernmost province.

#Southeast Asia #Indonesia #Banda Aceh #Saman People #Traditional Dance #Culture #Video

CIA, pandas, Manchester and more — it happened today: May 23 in pictures

Former CIA Director John Brennan is reflected in a table as he prepares to testify on Capitol Hill in Washington before the House Intelligence Committee Russia Investigation Task Force; twin panda cubs, born on April 24 in captivity, are pictured in an incubator at Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in Sichuan province, China; Susan Walton and daughter Katie, 10 (pictured), who attended the concert of Ariana Grande at the Manchester Arena, are seen in Manchester, Britain; Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) fire towards Islamic State militants during a battle in Qairawan, west of Mosul, Iraq; an Indonesian man is publicly caned for having gay sex, in Banda Aceh, Aceh province, Indonesia; a message is written on the pavement in Manchester, England, the day after the suicide attack at an Ariana Grande concert that left 22 people dead as it ended on Monday night. These are some of the photos of the day. (AP/EPA/Getty/Reuters)

Photo credits: Martinez Monsivais/AP, China Daily/Reuters, Nigel Roddis/EPA, Stringer/Reuters, Beawiharta/Reuters, Kirsty Wigglesworth/AP

See more photos of the day and our other slideshows on Yahoo News.