Day 384#: Sumatran Striped Rabbit
Today's animal of the day is the Sumatran Striped Rabbit (Nesolagus netscheri)!
Photo credit: A. Cambone & R. Isotti
This elusive species of rabbit is endemic to the forests surrounding the Barisan Mountains of northwestern Sumatra. They have shorter ears and limbs compared to other rabbits, with a broader head and a distinctive yellow pelt with black stripes. Very little is known about this species, which makes it hard for conservationists to determine the size of their population. As such, they are currently listed as data deficient by the IUCN. However, they're considered by many to be one of the rarest species of rabbit in the world, and it's believed that they are at risk of going extinct due to habitat loss and poaching.
Photo credit: Jeremy Holden
Numerous studies have been done in the Barisan Mountain region to try to get a good idea of the Sumatran striped rabbit's population size, as well as to figure out more about their behavior in the wild. Usually, this consists of setting up trail cams to try and capture a photo or video of these nocturnal lagomorphs; however, there have still only ever been a small handful of sightings. Trust me, finding pictures for this post took FOREVER! They're believed to come out at night to feed on the stalks and leaves of plants that grow in the forest's understory, and then spend the day hiding in burrows or hollow logs.
Photo credit: Lund University Libraries
Occasionally, poachers will capture these rabbits alive and smuggle them out of the country to sell as pets. Apparently, while there are some laws preventing people from selling these rabbits, they're not often enforced due to a lack of funding. Also, their status being listed as data deficient instead of as endangered does make it so they aren't as protected from smugglers as they should be. I have to imagine that the people who buy these rabbits just do it for the clout of having a rare pet, since they're absolutely terrified of humans. Based on the accounts of reputable zoos and other facilities that keep this species in captivity, all they do when observed is just try to stay as still as possible, especially during the day.
Photo credit: Rio Firman Saputra
Because of this, these captive individuals can't really tell researchers much about the behavior of their wild counterparts, though they have been observed eating fruit and grains when offered, so maybe they occasionally eat those foods in the wild as well. To my knowledge, there's also been no successful attempt to breed this species in captivity, probably since nothing is known about how they breed in the wild. In fact, the only ever confirmed report of a baby Sumatran striped rabbit was of an individual being sold on WhatsApp in 2018. Sadly, it died before authorities could rescue it.
Photo credit: Kerinci Seblat National Park
Strangely, a lot of the poachers who try to sell these rare rabbits as pets do so via social media. I remember a few years ago there was a guy who caught one after a flash flood and was trying to sell it on Facebook. Luckily, that rabbit was rescued by authorities and was released back into the wild. Thankfully, other than as pets, there's not a big market for the meat and pelts of this species. Apparently, it's because their meat tastes terrible. However, the biggest threat to this species' survival is definitely deforestation. Forests throughout Sumatra, as well as many other parts of the world, are being torn down to be used as timber or to make room for coffee plantations. Sadly, this will be a common thread for many of the species I'll be covering this month. It's also feared that competition with invasive European rabbits might also drive this mysterious rabbit to extinction before we ever get a chance to learn more about it. Also, apparently these guys have a whole genus of unique fleas, called Nesolagobius, that's only found on them. Of course, not much is known about these fleas either.
Photo credit: Andre Situpai
A little lore dump about me: I first heard of this species when I was a kid watching my favorite YouTuber, Seri Pixel Biologist, play modded Zoo Tycoon 2 and build an exhibit for them. Since then, I've always kind of had a soft spot for them.